is in the TV series " Yongzheng Dynasty ". There is a scene of hunting in autumn, which is the key to the nine sons fighting for the throne in . It is through Xiao Hongli's wonderful dragon farts on grandpa Kangxi " Qing First Batulu " that the father Yinzhen , who had just recovered from a serious illness, was able to turn the tables. Although this plot is full of jokes, the hunting setting is very consistent with history.
The hunting of the Qing Dynasty rulers can be divided into spring, summer seedlings, autumn sacrificials and winter hunting due to different seasons, among which autumn sacrificials are held the most. In the story, the Rehe hunting actually refers to Mulan autumn sacred, "Mulan", which is originally Manchu . "Qing Tongdian" says: "After the Zhongqiu, the Yu people singed deer so that the deer was called whistle deer, which is called Mulan in Mandarin, so it is called Weichangyun." It can be said that "Mulan autumn sacred" was a hunting event in the autumn of the royal family and powerful people in the Qing Dynasty in the name of deer hunting. Since ancient times, China has had a tradition of reindeer, raising deer and hunting deer. The earliest "Royal Zoo" was the spiritual garden of King Wen of Zhou, which covers a 70-mile radius. The "deer" (female deer) in the park is a hut. The ancients believed that deer was full of treasures. "Mandarin" says: "Spring is used to boost the brigade, and autumn is used to control the army." After the Qing Dynasty entered the pass, the emperors of the early Qing Dynasty continued to advocate the force of riding and shooting, and often hunted in the autumn, trying to maintain and carry forward the martial spirit of their nation.
Therefore, autumn hunting first played a role in training and military parade . In the , the Later Jin era before the Qing Dynasty entered the pass, Nurhaci and Huang Taiji often held this type of hunting activities and rewarded the outstanding ministers of Beile (mostly located in Shengjing Eiduary). During the Shunzhi period, after the Qing Dynasty established the Central Plains, hunting was often held in Nanyuan or outside the frontier to train the Eight Banners soldiers. During the Kangxi period, wars continued and the Mulan Qiu Episode system was officially established. Qing History Draft records, "In the early years of Kangxi, Dingches drove to the garrison and the commander of the guards and the generals of the camp. They led the generals and schools to first go to the terrain. The Wubei Academy set up camp and built a tent hall. The Huangmu City was built, and the flag gate was built. The outside was a net city, and the guards were built, but they did not go beyond their location. In the tenth year, the Mucheng was abolished and the Huangshou was changed. In the 20th year of Kangxi (1681), they were lucky enough to hunt the Nanshan Mountains. They found out of Shanhaiguan and then Wula, and they were all hunting the bow and arrows. In June of the second year of Yue, they were lucky enough to Gubeikou outsiders." During the Kangxi period, 12,000 cavalry were dispatched every year and divided into three shifts to Mulan Waichang , with 4,000 people in each shift, and they went in April, October and December respectively. This preparation was actually an exercise. After the encirclement was hunting. After the emperor carried out his first shot, the Yibu hunting began. The prince and the Manchu and Mongolian princes all carried out hunting. Tiger Gun Camp . The shooting hands of various Mongolian tribes specifically shoot out of the circumference and escape from the prey. After the hunting ends, the emperor returns to the official position and calls himself a scattered circumference. The emperor will reward those who perform outstandingly. This is the general process of Mulan's hunting, and from this we can see his military training function.
Secondly, Mulan Hunting also strengthens ties with Mongolia and consolidates the Manchuria-Mongolia alliance. During the reign of Nurhaci and Huang Taiji, relations with Mongolia were attached great importance to them, and the marriage between Manchu and Mongolia continued to occur, which was also an important reason for the stability of the Qing Dynasty before and after entering the pass. In the early Qing Dynasty, the Lifanyuan was established to manage the affairs of various ethnic minorities such as Mongolia, Qinghai, and Tibet. Wei Yuan mentioned in "The Record of Sui Meng in the National Dynasty", "The Book of Sui Meng in this dynasty was the most prosperous in the Autumn Sui Mongolia." Since Emperor Kangxi, Mulan Qiuxi has been a grand event attended by ethnic minorities in the Qing Dynasty. When hunting in the Qianlong era, there were 49 Mongolian vassals and some squads of Khalkha and Qinghai. During the Kangxi period, we met with the Mongolian princes and princes in Beijing, but in the Qianlong period, it was completely in Rehe. It can be said that the Mulan Qiuxian activity deepened the relationship between the Qing government and the Mongolian tribes. It consolidated the unified multi-ethnic country, promoted ethnic exchanges, and maintained the rule of the Qing Dynasty.
It is worth mentioning that in addition to bows and arrows, the emperors of the Qing Dynasty also used firearms to hunt. Unlike most of us, the Qing Dynasty actually attached great importance to firearms, and firearms and were equipped with a large amount of equipment. But the development of firearms has stopped.There were also very exquisite flintlock in the Qing Dynasty, but it was only used as a royal safari. In the end, the rise and fall of Mulan Qiuxi, a military-related hunting, was also a microcosm of the rise and fall of the entire Qing Dynasty's military equipment. In his later years, Qianlong was already old and no longer had Mulan autumn flowers. Later, after the Emperor Jiaqing , he encountered the White Lotus Rebellion, which consumed countless treasury and was suppressed. At this point, the Qing Dynasty turned from prosperity to decline. It was not until July of the seventh year of Jiaqing that the situation improved, and the first autumn show during his reign was held. As the Qing Dynasty further declined its national strength, the hugely expensive Emperor Qiufeng Daoguang announced its cessation in the fourth year after he ascended the throne. Ironically, the nominal hunting activity was also carried out during the Xianfeng period. In the tenth year of Xianfeng (1860), the British and French coalition forces advanced to Beijing. Emperor Xianfeng once fled to Rehe (now Chengde City) in the summer resort, writing a ridiculous end to the end of the Mulan Qiufeng and herald the demise of the Qing Dynasty.
