In the view of Tian Yinsheng , Zhengdong New District can stand at the top of the national new district contempt chain. Because it is the turning point in Zhengzhou's fate. ——Yu Jibing
Tian Yinsheng, Professor of the School of Architecture of South China University of Technology, member of the Academic Committee of the Historical and Cultural City of the Chinese Urban Planning Society, and Alumni of Zhengzhou University. He participated in the planning and design of Zhengzhou High-tech Zone and Zhengdong New District, urban design along the Shiwu High-speed Railway, and Henan University People's Livelihood College Planning and Design. He laughed at himself: he lives in Guangzhou and works in Zhengzhou.
Written by | Yebai
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Hong Kong and Macau New City
In Tian Yinsheng's view, Zhengdong New District can stand at the top of the national new district contempt chain. Because it is the turning point in Zhengzhou's fate.
htmlIn the last 10 years of the 120th century, China entered a stage of accelerated development of urbanization. But in terms of the level and quality of urbanization, the gap between China and the world is huge. Taking 1998 as an example, the average level of urbanization in the world was 55%, while that of China was 33.4%. Henan, the largest populous province in China, only 20.8%.
South China Yuji interview Tian Yinsheng
As the provincial capital, Zhengzhou has a registered population of only 2 million. The entire urban area still continues the well-shaped structure of the Soviet era, radiating outward around railway stations, national cotton mills, etc. The size and population of the city are obviously small horses and big carts.
All these changes are due to the relocation of Yanzhuang Airport.
On July 28, 1997, the first phase of Zhengzhou Xinzheng Airport was completed and opened for navigation, and the original Zhengzhou Yanzhuang Airport also completed its historical mission. At this time, many people were thinking about what new place the several square kilometers of land in the old airport would become.
Of course, this decision must be taken by the government. So, the first plan was brought out soon - Hong Kong and Macao New City - a concept with a name that reveals the atmosphere of the times. The
solution was done by Tian Yinsheng and his team. He has lived in Zhengzhou and is well aware of Zhengzhou and loves Zhengzhou enough.
This is a city activated by the two train lines of Beijing-Guangzhou and Longhai, with a deep light industry foundation. But it is also framed by the train lane to the framework of urban development. Building a new city is important, but it also needs to consider the link between the old and the mutual empowerment between different functional areas.
Tian Yinsheng team's "Water Drops" planning map
New City only contains the area of the original old airport located at the intersection of the former National Highway 107 (now Zhongzhou Avenue ) and the planned Jinshui East Road, with an area of 3.5 square kilometers, which is the current CBD range.
He named the plan "Water Drops", hoping that through this drop of water in the new city, it will arouse ripples of development and activate the old city.
However, this plan has not been made public to the public. The authorities, the young provincial party committee leader who has a great impact on modern Zhengzhou and China, launched an international bidding for the overall plan of Zhengdong New District.
so everything is pushed back and started over.
That summer, Zhengzhou City sent an invitation letter to the home and abroad to the concept design of the overall development plan of Zhengdong New District, inviting 17 famous design units at home and abroad to bid. This was the first time for Henan to solicit urban planning plans worldwide.
According to the plan at that time, the old airport was just the starting area of the new city. This vigorous " city-building movement " will cover 150 square kilometers east of the old National Highway 107, west of the Beijing-Hong Kong-Macao Expressway, north of the Airport Expressway, and south of the Lianhuo Expressway, which is about the same as rebuilding a Zhengzhou in the east of the old city.
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CBD
Many old Zhengzhou people said they couldn't understand: 107 is the countryside, who would go there?
Even after the beginning of "city building", it was described as "China's largest ghost town" by a website called "Business Insider".
But this is how the places that were not favored by local people and were attacked by foreign media have suddenly expanded the framework of Zhengzhou, allowing Zhengzhou to take the first leg of transforming into "International Zheng" from a provincial capital city that collapsed in the central part. Of course this is a later story. We all know the results of that bidding. The leadership team chose the Japanese architect Kiho Kurokawa. There are many articles on the Internet that interpret Kurokawa's "rhizome" plan.
The so-called "rhizome" means that the city has no core and the circulation system is on the periphery of the city. If the city population increases, another "rhizome" will be added to form a new group, such as CBD "rhizome", Beilonghu "rhizome", and Longzihu "rhizome". Cities grow like cells reproduce, constantly growing without losing their original balance.
Perhaps this is in line with Zhengzhou's wish to break through the constraints of the urban structure and make great strands. Tian Yinsheng believes that Kurokawa won the bid because he hits the pain points of Zhengzhou that need to sort out the urban culture.
He used a virtual Zhengzhou main axis, and along this axis of Zhengzhou's historical, cultural and ecological development, it proposed the urban central axis of history, ecology, commerce, tourism space-time development of the new and old CBD (municipal government + railway station + Erqi Square + provincial government).
After Kurokawa obtained the qualification for the overall planning, the leader directly entrusted him to make detailed plans for the original area of Hong Kong and Macau New City, and gave up Tian Yinsheng's "water droplets". We also knew what happened later that big corn and big golden eggs rose up and became a new landmark in Zhengzhou for a time.
However, after the urban area was completed, Kurokawa was criticized by the public and industry insiders: "I can't get off the overpass", "I can't get out after entering the loop", and "I can't find the direction".
An academician even publicly stated that a 6.08-kilometer Longhu was designed in Zhengdong New District, which made it difficult to organize traffic and caused a small road network density, reducing the accessibility of the slow-moving system.
Kuichuan made CBD, and the detailed planning and design of an expansion area in the southeast was handed over to Tian Yinsheng.
This area undertakes functional support, in order to assist CBD, expand functions outside business in the starting area. The Twin Towers and Zhengzhou East Station we see now are all within this range.
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Longzihu
According to the blueprint of the plan of that year, there should be 6 functional areas within the range of 150 square kilometers of Zhengdong New District. Longzihu University Town is the most important part of it.
The development of Zhengdong New District and the prosperity of the university town carry the expectations of many Henan people. Moreover, the planning and development of university towns can attract more external factors to invest in the construction of new cities. As the leader in the middle, there is a dream in the hearts of many Henan people.
020, Tian Yinsheng attended the launch ceremony of "This is Henan"
It was 2003, and thousands of undergraduates were sitting safely in the "Western Suburbs National Park" to study. Even so, the authorities in Henan and Zhengzhou still have high hopes for Longzihu University Town. Dragon son means to hope that the son will become a dragon.
Kurokawa and Laotian's early work was recognized. For Longzihu's planning, the leaders directly invited the two of them to conduct a plan competition.
Kurikawa's design plan still implements the "rhizome" concept, with the lake as the center, and the road network spreads around like the school pancake.
Tian Yinsheng is well aware of the disadvantages of this solution. Most successful university towns are "naturally formed". Taking Stanford University Town as an example, after a long period of development, it has formed a benign model to adapt to urban development. Stanford provides scientific and technological support for Silicon Valley , and hundreds of large, medium and small enterprises in Silicon Valley also provide students with opportunities for entrepreneurial and internships, both large and small. The two promote each other and complement each other.
The Longzi Lake big cake design comes at the cost of the overall relocation of the indigenous people. After the villagers relocated as a whole, the university town was like an isolated island, completely out of touch with society.
Therefore, Tian Yinsheng broke the conventional big-cake layout and created a novel model of organic integration of schools and society and ecology. He named the plan "Floating Green Island".
Floating Green Island
He hopes that this place will become a unit of university, scientific research, life, service and ecological symbiosis. The arrival of the university injects vitality into the Aboriginal people, rather than drives people away. At the review meeting of
, the plan received all votes from fourteen experts. After the meeting, academician of the Chinese Academy of Engineering and urban planning expert Academician Zou Deci specially found Tian Yinsheng and said: Your plan is really good!
"But unfortunately, the leaders finally chose Kurokawa's plan." Everyone is very clear about the things behind
. The construction of Longzihu University Town has experienced waves of crises. Until a while ago, the old past ten years ago in Longzihu University Town was put on a hot search by netizens.
Tian Yinsheng said: "In urban planning and construction, the regional form can be consciously classified through the development concept of organic renewal, and different measures can be taken to build, upgrade and transform."
Tian Yinsheng told the villagers about rural planning in Gunzheng Village, Guizhou
For so many years, although Tian Yinsheng lives in Guangzhou, he has always cared about Henan and cared about the development of Zhengzhou. During the interview, he showed us the Erqi Square renovation project underway. He hopes that in urban development and planning, Zhengzhou can find a balanced state through organic renewal.
