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In October 1950, Chairman Mao made a quick decision to send troops to fight against the U.S. aggression and aid Korea, and led the Chinese People's Volunteer Army to the Korean battlefield with Peng Dehuai as commander, and brought the United States' ambition to occupy the entire territory of North Korea back to his hometown.
Chinese People's Volunteer Army (hereinafter referred to as Volunteer Army ) The 38th Army first involved in the battlefield and was not very familiar with the situation of the enemy. He missed the fighter's opportunity in Xichuan.
Peng Dehuai
This made Commander Peng Dehuai furious and said he wanted to withdraw the commander of the 38th Army Liang Xingchu and replaced him with He Dongsheng. Commander Peng's thunderous anger reached Lin Biao's ears. Lin Biao heard the news and called out: "No."
" Sun Tzu's Art of War " says: Changing generals at the last stage is a taboo in the war. In ancient times, Zhao State fought against Qin State . Zhao State replaced Lianpo with Zhao Kuo in front of the battle, causing the Zhao army to be defeated and the pass was lost and the pass was lost.
How could Commander Peng Dehuai, who has been through the battlefield for a long time, not to mention that Liang Xingchu, the commander of the 38th Army and the 38th Army, are troops and generals who Peng Dehuai loves very much. How could he get so angry because of a failure and even threaten to replace Liang Xingchu?
So, is Peng Dehuai's remarks about changing the generals angry or aggressive? Lin Biao has always had little interference in the replacement general, so why did he call Peng Dehuai this time to prevent the replacement general? Which one is more suitable to stay on the battlefield, Liang Xingchu and He Dongsheng?
He Dongsheng
The reasons are worth exploring. Let us explore these three questions one by one.
has a wrong judgment, and the first battle has failed. The
38 Army belongs to the Fourth Field Army. It not only has a long history of Red Army , but also has participated in many prominent battles.
Its predecessor was the Second Division of the Shandong People's Liberation Army of the Eighth Route Army. It not only served as the main force of the Northeast People's Autonomous Army, but also became the top main force of the Fourth Field in the War of Liberation. It has participated in many major battles such as the Pingxingguan Battle and the Liaoshen Battle of .
also took the lead in the battle to resist U.S. aggression and aid Korea, Liang Xingchu, then commander of the 38th Army, went deep into the battlefield and took on key strategic interspersive tasks.
Peng Dehuai led the volunteer army to the battlefield, and formulated a strategic plan to march towards the Western and Eastern fronts respectively to form an encirclement. After the order of
started, the main force of the 42nd Army on the Eastern Front was responsible for blocking the US military, while the 40th, 39th and 38th Army destroyed the South Korean army north of Yunshan and Xichuan.
Unexpectedly, due to intelligence errors, the 38th Army where Liang Xingchu was located lost in two battles, Xichuancheng and Qingchuanjiang , becoming the only army that failed in several armies.
Liang Xingchu
At that time, Liang Xingchu, who was marching urgently, suddenly received information from the People's Army, saying that the enemy that was about to encounter was an extremely well-equipped American "black regiment". If he continued to move according to the plan, he would likely cause large-scale casualties in the army.
This "black regiment" is a force composed of black men with strong combat power, resolute execution of orders, and courage. They often play a huge role in various colonial and plundering wars in the United States.
Moreover, due to racial discrimination, the "black group" is often sent to the most difficult battlefield as a "track stone". Under such training, the combat effectiveness of the "black group" has long been screened by war.
Liang Xingchu was in trouble after receiving the information. On the one hand, he was worried that he would not be able to arrive at Xichuan on time to complete the encirclement with other troops on the east and west lines. On the other hand, he was worried that the "black regiment" would bring unnecessary casualties to the 38th Army and undermine the aura of the volunteer army. Therefore, he did not dare to be good at it and had to report to his superiors immediately waiting for instructions.
While waiting, the troops did not march according to the original plan, and the east-west line encirclement tactics and subsequent strategic deployment were affected.
This angered Peng Dehuai, and Peng Dehuai was so angry that he cursed Liang Xingchu on the phone:
"Others say that you are Liang Xingchu, but you are a rat general, a rat 'rat'!"
Liang Xingchu was at least experienced and famous. He has always been famous for his courage to fight fierce battles and big battles. He heard Commander Peng's words and made him feel passionate and swore to avenge his previous shame on the spot.
No wonder Peng Dehuai was angry. It was really the roundabout tactics of the East-West Line that were the key to preventing the US military from advancing north. Only by blocking it in a timely manner can the US military and South Korean troops stop to head north in the encirclement of the volunteers.
Peng Dehuai threatened to let He Dongsheng come and replace Liang Xingchu. At this time, He Dongsheng was serving as vice president of Central South Military and Political University. He heard that Peng Dehuai had this intention, even prepared his pre-war work and wrote the resignation letter to go to North Korea.
At this time, Lin Biao heard about this and hurriedly called Peng Dehuai and said that the general could not be replaced.
In Lin Biao's view, is that He Dongsheng's work is related to the long-term development of our army, and Liang Xingchu only failed for a moment and overestimated the enemy's strength and missed the opportunity for the fight, but he would not change the generals in the last battle.
Lin Biao
Lin Biao
Liang Xingchu and He Dongsheng mentioned by the two were two people who were called the "Three Tiger Generals" during the Anti-Japanese War. Why can't
be replaced?
Liang Xingchu is from Ji'an, Jiangxi Province, because his prominent big teeth are nicknamed "Liang Daya".
When he fought in northern Shaanxi, he defeated the more with fewer and captured the enemy's cavalry with only one company's strength. In addition, he also annihilated more than 200 enemy soldiers and seized war horses. He became the first cavalry reconnaissance company commander of our army.
During the anti-Japanese period in Shandong, he commanded the Cuizhuang battle and annihilated thousands of puppet troops. He was called tiger general by General Chen Yi. is also called "Monkey Liang" because of his courage, good at fighting tough battles, and fearlessness.
Another He Dongsheng, known as the "haired monkey".
This hairy monkey is not saying that he looks like a hairy monkey, but is named after his cleverness on the battlefield and his body has not had a scar on his body after many battles.
Regularly speaking, it is common for generals to have scars on their bodies, but He Dongsheng is born and dies, but there are no scars on his body. This is really rare.
Not only that, He Dongsheng himself is also very lucky.
He Dongsheng
When fighting against the Japanese and puppet troops in 1943, He Dongsheng had only about eighty troops, but there were hundreds of Japanese and puppet troops. Under the huge gap in strength, He Dongsheng still persisted for a whole day without allowing the Japanese and puppet troops to succeed in completing the "mopping up".
A day later, He Dongsheng did not come back, which made the people very sad, even set up a mourning hall for him to pay tribute. Just when the commanders and soldiers and the people were sad for He Dongsheng's "sacrifice", He Dongsheng was excited and enthusiastically escorted a Japanese prisoner into the village with the guards.
The nickname "Unbeatable Hairy Monkey" was called out like this.
After the end of the War of Resistance Against Japan, He Dongsheng was appointed as the vice president of Central South Military and Political University, while Liang Xingchu went to the battlefield of resisting U.S. aggression and aiding Korea.
It is precisely because the two had a connection with nicknames before that, after Liang Xingchu failed in his first battle, Peng Dehuai remembered He Dongsheng who worked in the school.
Reasonablely, with He Dongsheng's strength, Liang Xingchu can be replaced, but Lin Biao called the phone to block it for a more important purpose.
Why can’t He Dongsheng go? In addition to the lack of need to replace Liang Xingchu, there is another important reason, that is, He Dongsheng must be responsible for running the military academy well.
After the founding of the People's Republic of China, General He Dongsheng was transferred to Central South Military and Political University as vice president. In Lin Biao's opinion:
"Owning a school well is more important than leading a army."
He Dongsheng has been through the battlefield for a long time. He not only became an outstanding commander of our army, but also trained a large number of military combatants. In other words, he not only fought well in wars, but also led out a batch of troops with strong combat effectiveness.Enrich the excellent reserve force of New China.
So He Dongsheng must stay in the country to continue to establish military education.
He Dongsheng has his own "unique skills" to lead his troops. First of all, he must be able to hold on to the officers and generals who come to study.
These people also struggled from the battlefield. If He Dongsheng wants to convince the public, he must rely on his military achievements that are more outstanding than these people. This is naturally no problem.
He Dongsheng was already famous among the people and the army during the War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression, and was even more slightly injured and unable to leave the front line during the War of Liberation.
When hitting Siping , General He charged forward and hit his back with a bullet in the front. However, General He lifted his fur coat and smiled when he saw the bullet that only hit the surface of his skin. He was not timid at all, but was even more brave. He picked out the bullets, threw them on the ground disdainfully, and ordered the entire army to continue the attack. After the incident of
spread, every time the war ended, Lin Biao would ask General He who was desperate for his life in the war: "Check it out, where is the hairy monkey?"
Over time, even General Luo Ronghuan began to joke with He Dongsheng. Every time he met, he would ask with a smile: "You hairy monkey are still alive?"
Another time, He Dongsheng accidentally fell off his horse during the march and injured his ankle, but he was concerned about the war and did not go to the hospital for treatment. Instead, he climbed onto the stretcher to continue commanding.
The soldiers in the army received encouragement from General He and their morale was high. They quickly captured five strongholds and liberated three cities.
leads the way, has become He Dongsheng's combat style . In the war to liberate Tianjin, our army attacked Jintangqiao for a long time, but he had no choice but to ask for large equipment - tank .
The soldiers captured the enemy positions with the blessing and cover of tanks. At that time, the infantry soldiers followed the tank to kill all directions, but they did not expect that it was their division commander He Dongsheng sitting in the tank.
It was not until the commander came to the tank in person after the war to express his condolences and opened the tank that he found He Dongsheng in charge. No wonder the tank was driving so majestic.
The commander was amused and crying: "How can the division commander drives a tank to fight the vanguard in person!"
But if you want to subdue those advanced students who have learned from various army, in addition to their outstanding military achievements, they also need strategic wisdom, and everyone admires He Dongsheng in this matter.
On the way to Jinxi, He Dongsheng was jealous of the weapons and equipment under the supervision of the Soviet army and the Eighth Route Army, and wanted to take them away in a box.
He carefully observed the guards and commanders and saw that the guards were rich drinkers who like to drink, so he found a few soldiers who could drink to invite the guards to him. When both sides were drunk, He Dongsheng's fox tail was already exposed.
He Dongsheng and the soldiers who were accompanying the wine gave the Soviet army a thumbs up and said, "Stalin! Stalin!"
The Soviet army was red and intoxicated, and responded happily, "Mao Zedong! Mao Zedong!"
The "password" that made the Soviet army relax their vigilance correct, and the "old fox" He Dongsheng took the opportunity to take away a box of equipment.
After taking on the burden of educating students after the founding of the People's Republic of China, He Dongsheng also applied his strategies to them.
At that time, there were a group of naughty students in the advanced school. If they didn’t study hard, He Dongsheng tried his best to strengthen the difficulty of training and punish them.
He Dongsheng's educational philosophy is to "focus on actual combat". All virtual auras, empty tricks, and "flowering tricks" cannot be seen by him. He once threatened:
"What kind of training is not training? On the battlefield, the enemy will teach you a round of machine guns bullets."
attaches so much importance to practical combat and "light" training , which is quite recognized by Lin Biao.
On the battlefield, the sword has no eyes. What you need is the reaction ability of soldiers and commanders beyond ordinary people. If you react quickly, you will get the lead. If you react slowly, you will become the enemy's "sword ghost".
Such a "simple and rough" team method really allows He Dongsheng to train one iron-blooded army after another.
In addition, He Dongsheng's temper has also become the reason why his subordinates are respectful, and the development of this temper has something to do with Lin Biao.
He Dongsheng is not afraid of the army except for the political commissar, there is only one person who can make He Dongsheng scared, and this person is Lin Biao.
He Dongsheng said that because other commanders curse people, it would be no big deal if they curse, but Lin Biao didn't curse people, he just ignored people. It is this mysterious method of "ignoring people" that cannot make He Dongsheng guess what he meant and cure He Dongsheng in obedience.
So He Dongsheng also learned this trick. Although he had a very strong temper, he chose Lin Biao's "angry" method when he was angry - not talking.
subordinates gradually found He Dongsheng's angry routine. When He Dongsheng's hat brim was raised up, he showed that he was in a good mood, so he was relieved to joke; when his hat brim was pressing down, it meant that he was very angry and no one dared to provoke him easily.
That's it. He Dongsheng became an excellent teacher at Central South Military and Political University with his outstanding military achievements, his emphasis on practical training, his wisdom of "crawling and inspiring" and his intimidating temper.
The "Long Live Army"
In fact, it is also a stimulus for Peng Dehuai to transfer He Dongsheng, who is busy with national defense education, to the battlefield. After Lin Biao's reminder, Peng Dehuai had actually calmed down.
Liang Xingchu
No matter what, Lin and Peng are both confident in Liang Xingchu's combat ability. This only failure is enough.
This time the war has ended, but the US military has not stopped marching. Liang Xingchu's fighting will has been awakened by Peng Dehuai. He was excited to threaten to serve as the vanguard force of the next battle, and swore that the 38th Army would avenge its previous shame.
Seeing this, Peng Dehuai ordered Liang Xingchu to take out the main division of the main force as a vanguard of feint:
"Use the strongest troops because the enemy is very strong in combat. To fight the blocking troops, we must not only achieve the goal of luring the enemy into depth, but also withstand the enemy."
"President Peng also recognizes our army as the main force! We must show our mighty!"
Peng Dehuai decisively ordered: the 38th Army and the 42nd Army quickly detoured behind the enemy, and the other armies attacked bravely to annihilate the disrupted enemy. After being violently attacked by the volunteers, the US military began to rush south to break through.
After obtaining Peng Dehuai's consent, Liang Xingchu asked the 112th Division of the 38th Army to retreat on the Xichuan-stadium highway route to lead the enemy in. After being introduced, the US military closed down and attacked the dogs. At this time, the US military relied on its excellent equipment to cover firepower, so it allowed the dense artillery and aircraft to support the US military on the land. The bombing for many days made the trenches that the Volunteer Army had finally built and burned a sea of fire after wave, which made it difficult for our Volunteer Army to defend the ground.
Volunteer Army is not an easy force to succumb to artillery fire. The 335th Regiment of the 112th Division held its position, threatening to "the person is in the position", fighting to the end with the US military, and never allowing the US military to break through easily. After several changes in hands, the US military finally gave up its plan to break through from the Feihushan position.
At this time, the 113th Division of the 38th Army, which had advanced to Tokugawa, received the order from Liang Xingchu to arrive at Sansouli at dawn on the 28th and prevent the enemy from fleeing south and aiding north.
Sansouli is located north of the river, surrounded by mountains on both sides of the east and west, with a dangerous terrain. It is a must-pass place for the enemy to escape from the south and north, about 145 miles away from Tokugawa.
commanders and soldiers raced against the enemy's cars with their feet, enduring hunger, tiredness, and gritted their teeth to march. More than 10 soldiers from the vanguard 338th Regiment ran shock on the way.
The flesh and blood defeated the steel army. The 338th Regiment lived up to expectations and seized three squads, controlling the high ground on both sides of the highway, like a pair of steel pliers, clamping the US military's retreat.
Peng Dehuai was extremely happy to learn that the 113th Division had arrived in Sanxia in front of the enemy, and immediately instructed the division to to resolutely block the enemy who fled south through the three schools.
At this time, the US military was still fighting to the trapped beasts, and under the cover of planes and tanks, they desperately broke south. The 338th Regiment killed the encirclement, and the US military broke through without success and could only turn northwest to find a way to escape south .
Two days later, the various units of the Volunteer Army had completed the encirclement from three sides to Sansuoli and Longyuanli areas. The US military system had been disrupted. Most of them were annihilated when they broke through the scattered areas. After a day and a night of battle, the battle ended.
Liang Xingchu was instructing the battle while reflecting on his shortcomings. Finally, he was able to avenge his shame in the subsequent war and achieved brilliant results on the Korean battlefield, which made the enemy frightened and exterminated our military power.
"Long live the army" title came from this. This was a heroic force inspired by Peng Dehuai's aggressive method. Peng Dehuai's move not only corrected the shortcomings of his subordinates, but also supervised Liang Xingchu to overcome his timidity and incompetence, established his confidence in fighting for strength and competitiveness, and finally successfully repelled the US military's plan to complete the initial stability of the situation in resisting U.S. aggression and aid Korea.
From then on, the 38th Army was called the "Long Live Army" and the 113th Division was known as the "Flying Tiger Division". It has become a world-famous ace force. The 113th Division interspersed with three schools and seized Longyuanli and was named a model of world war history, and was later made into the movie "Flying Tiger".
It has to be said that the provocation method is indeed the command method of a leader with outstanding wisdom. Peng Dehuai used the provocation method to mobilize the combat enthusiasm of the 38th Army and enable him to achieve outstanding results in the later war.
The War to Resist U.S. Aggression and Aid Korea is not only the war of founding of the People's Republic of China since its founding, but also shattered the great dream of the United States to act powerfully under China's nose to threaten my country's national defense security.
The Chinese People's Volunteer Army used relatively disadvantaged equipment to strike the well-equipped US military, tearing the mask of invincible US military.
At the same time, the country is also striving to reform and develop, strengthen its military strength, cultivate excellent soldiers and command talents, so as to inherit the iron-blooded military spirit of the Chinese People's Liberation Army and ensure that the military command and team talents have successors.
So, whether it is Liang Xingchu or He Dongsheng, they perform their respective duties in their respective positions. Whether it is the war of protecting the country on the front line or the national defense education in the rear, both of them have made great contributions to the peace and stability of the New China.
They and the millions of volunteer soldiers behind them have achieved each other, and have established a reputation as a victorious country in the international community of New China. They are well-deserved heroes.
What do readers think about the leaders’ strategic deployment and final victory on the battlefield of resisting U.S. aggression and aiding Korea? Welcome to leave your opinion in the comment section.
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