Regarding the many "chaos" that occurred after the Russian army's large-scale mobilization, as well as the performance of not being "Hara" for this period, according to the explanation of Lugansk militia commander Andre Maroc, we are not fighting against Ukraine, but fighting against NATO . There is indeed some truth to the statement
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On the other hand, Ukraine can always continue to receive NATO equipment assistance and enjoy NATO personnel training and information-based intelligence support and tactical guidance.
, but here, Russia has encountered 7 consecutive rounds of sanctions and blockades from the entire Western world , and can only bear it by itself. Especially the shortcomings in informatization have made the Russian army face NATO satellites, which are composed of early warning aircraft , drone , personal mobile phones, and monitoring equipment, which seems blind and dumb; in addition, the entire logistics scheduling of Russian army cannot keep up with the pace of changes in the battlefield.
But in addition to the hardware disadvantages, you have to admit that the Russian army seems to be missing some spiritual things.
Of course, on the Ukrainian frontline, the Russian army has also emerged with a group of heroic deeds of sacrificing themselves to rush to grenades , pulling out the "Glorious Bullet" and dying with the enemy, and there are also heroic grassroots commanders who shout "fire guns at me".
For example, Captain Dennis Zorin in the picture below took the initiative to stay and cover his comrades to break through after encountering an ambush. When the cartridge was used up and there was nothing to fight back, Captain Zorin deliberately lured the enemy forward and pulled the last grenade to detonate himself.
Captain Dennis Zorin was later awarded the highest honor of the Russian Federation - the title of "Russian Hero" and the Medal of Venus
. What is embarrassing is that in addition to the heroic deeds that emerged among these professional soldiers, as the war continued, some unoptimistic situations in the Russian army were also exposed - a large number of mobilized recruits seemed not very prepared, both mentally and materially, and some combat units were chaotic in management and low morale.
Obviously, at this time, in addition to the training of military skills, effective ideological and organizational construction is particularly needed.
After all, if many emotions are not persuaded and educated to stop them in time, they will often gradually corrode the morale of the army like an "infectious disease", and the consequences will be very serious.
However, the position that originally undertaken in the Russian army, which once ceased to exist with the collapse of the Soviet Union.
By 2012, the Russian army took the initiative to restore the political officer system, but it still belonged to a relatively marginalized role and played a limited role.
For example, in March 2022, Andre Pali, deputy commander of the Russian Black Sea Fleet who was killed in Mariupol , was a political officer (pictured below).
However, in the Russian army, who had more generals and few soldiers and generally had a high rank, Pali was still a colonel until he was killed in the battle. This is related to the consistent rules of the Russian army - all political officers are demoted and used.
After Andre Pali was killed, the Russian media evaluated him as a "real political commissar" of the contemporary Russian army. In addition to political officers who were "marginalized" and "degraded" to think about ideological and organizational mobilization, in contemporary Russian army, the more common are clergy such as priests, lamas, and imams.
Two Russian clergymen - Orthodox priests and Tibetan Buddhist lamas (equipped with Mongolian soldiers with a large proportion of the Russian army)
Muslim soldiers in the Russian army prayed under the leadership of the Imam (imam) of the army
, but if you want to keep a team in a difficult and dangerous situation, you will always maintain a high fighting enthusiasm and strong cohesion, relying on the inspiration of religion and praying at any time, it may not be possible.
Speaking of this, some people may ask, the US military does not have a position similar to the political commissar, but it still fights and becomes the world's number one military power?
However, if you think about it from another perspective, the gap between the starting point of the US military and the Soviet army when the political commissar system was established was quite obvious.
For the wealthy and powerful US military, they are not energetic enough and can use material to make up.But in this regard, the Soviet army with a very weak foundation cannot compare with it.
The earliest Soviet/United Nations (the Soviet Union that only existed after 1922) army, more than 90% of them came from old soldiers called "gray animals".
Tsarist Russian soldiers generally came from poor families and had a high illiteracy rate
In the early days of the revolution, except for the part of the Tsarist Russian naval fleet and the Red Guards controlled by Soviet itself, the Soviet Union did not have its own regular armed forces.
At this time, with the fall of the old Russian government in , many old Tsarist Russian soldiers turned to the Bolsheviks for the sake of "just a living".
By January 1918, the Soviet government announced the establishment of the Workers' and Peasants' Red Army as the regular armed force of Soviet Russia.
But as mentioned earlier, this emerging "people's army" is actually an army dominated by old Russian soldiers. Especially in the officer class, the proportion of "Tsarist Russian soldiers" was higher. Many famous Soviet Red Army generals later served as Tsarist Russian officers, such as the famous Budonnie and Zhukov.
Shemiao Mikhailovich Budoni (April 25, 1883 - October 26, 1973) Marshal, in his early years, the Russian military uniforms were photographed
What's worse is that the tactics and equipment of the Tsarist Russian army were also quite low, which was quite different from the mainstream armies such as Britain, France and Germany in the world at that time.
It is obvious that once this old Russian army was directly involved in the battle to defend Soviet Russia and exchanged fire with the interfering army in the direction of Europe, the results were really unpredictable.
What's more, some of the Tsarist Russian soldiers who "returned to" Red Army had no firm beliefs. In case of mutiny on the battlefield, this would be an extremely fatal blow to the Soviet regime.
In the critical moment of survival, how to transform the old Tsarist Russian soldiers, implement the ideas and policies of the Soviet regime in the Red Army, strictly prevent dissidents from infringing on the interests of workers and peasants, cultivate revolutionary discipline, and supervise the unconditional execution of combat orders, became the top priority of the Soviet regime.
Soon, , known as the "father of the Red Army", created an unprecedented "military political cadres system" - a "double chief system" for political commissar/instructor and military commander (only the company level is instructor, only the regiment-level units have political commissars).
Trotsky was mobilizing
Facts have proved that under the strict management and encouragement of the political commissar, the Red Army composed of old Russian officers and soldiers demonstrated amazing combat effectiveness in the war to resist the interference of Western countries and defend the results of the revolution.
But gradually, because political officers held the final decision on military operations of their combat units, they were sometimes regarded as a "stumbling block" for military commanders - this became a major reason why many senior Soviet generals shirked their responsibility for their poor performance in the Soviet-Finn War.
For this reason, Stalin directly ordered the revocation of the title of political commissar, replaced it with "military committee member", and deprived the political officer of the final decision-making power to ensure that the combat orders are implemented without hindering.
But be aware that this is not directly abolishing the position of political officers in the Soviet army, but just changing them with a name and weakening their power - they are mainly responsible for political work and must not directly interfere in the commander's military decision-making.
Later, it was the most difficult time of the Soviet-German war . Given the serious losses suffered by the Soviet army in the early stages of the war, the morale of the troops was low and the morale of the army was dispersed. Stalin listened to the suggestion of Mehlis, director of the General Political Department of the Red Army, and restored the political commissar system and gave political officers the power to supervise the frontline officers and soldiers and punish those who retreat without orders without authorization.
For example, the famous " Order No. 227 " issued by Stalin clearly stated that the political commissar and instructors can execute officers and soldiers who retreated without authorization on the front line.
didn't expect that it was this detail that was later used by many Western movies as material for "black" the Soviet Union, especially the Soviet military and political workers.
The Soviet army's political cadres have also become a key target of being "demonized" by the West for more than half a century. In this regard, you can recall the World War II films and TV series filmed in the West.
Usually, in the evil team of Nazi Germany, there will always be a conscience, loyal and heroic, and respectful chivalrous soldier who is very respected. Even the SS, who is purely a villain, is often set to be a kind of evil and cool image with a beautiful appearance, a 30-seven-point oily head, a straight and tangible uniform, and a shiny military boots.
And the Soviet army is often very " facial ", a group of "beggar army" with tattered clothes and barbaric behavior, grassroots officers and soldiers are ignorant, upper-level leaders are autocratic, and they don't see much of the world. Their strong combat effectiveness seems to be mainly derived from the political commissar "supervising the battle" behind him and coldly shot and killed the escapees at the battle.
For example, the war film " At the Crown" jointly filmed by multiple Western countries, while performing the cruel scenes of Stalingrad defense battle , and not forgetting to find opportunities to "blame" the Soviet political commissar.
The beginning of the article is that the soldiers who did not have weapons crossed the Volga River , and immediately got off the ship and were pointed at by the political commissar with a gun and rushed into the battlefield like a beast.
"Soldiers Are Coming to the City" stills
also focuses on a middle-aged greasy political commissar with big eyes. He was holding several machine guns behind the team, shouting hysterically, "Shooting deserters and traitors", and shooting his own people frantically behind.
movies, the image of the political cadres in other occasions is also very indecent, with a crooked and slutty expression, which seems to be implying that their appearance is as ugly as their hearts.
The Soviet political cadres in "The Army is at the City" (the blue hat is an officer of the Ministry of Internal Affairs)
Similar to the Korean film " login day ", which also severely criticized the Soviet political commissar, which was deeply loved by the West.
On the contrary, some plots of the film and television dramas produced by the Germans themselves are quite consistent with history.
For example, Soviet political officers generally have a high level of education and are very appealing and influential in the military.
The captured Red Army political workers do not need to be tried. After the torture is completed, the German military rule can be executed directly on the spot.
German drama "My Fathers" Season 1
The male protagonist was ordered to shoot the political commissar on the spot
After the war, when Nuremberg tried , he represented the Minister of the Third Reich Operations Department of the German government at the Western Front surrender ceremony, and the German Army representative, and was convicted of a felony and was eventually hanged.
This General Yodel's troops once carried out a large number of orders from the "head of state" on the Eastern Front - any Soviet political workers who captured them could be executed directly on the spot after they were tortured.
The middle is Alfred Yodel
In fact, even though the Supreme Soviet issued the "Order No. 270" in August 1941 did grant political officers the power to shoot deserters, in most cases, the Soviet political workers would not choose to hide behind the team and shoot at their own soldiers. They were always on the front line and took the lead in charge.
or even, once they encounter a stubborn enemy who needs to charge to the death, they do not raise their guns behind to scare the officers and soldiers to "get it for me"; instead, they organize a "party member assault group" led by political cadres, shouting "Party members and Communist Youth League members follow me." The "Ula Ula" inspires to use their flesh and blood to maintain the strong combat effectiveness of the Soviet army.
During the winter parade of Red Square in Russia, the Soviet political commissar of Cosplay, this is the correct way to open the Soviet political commissar
instead, it is the real combat commander, such as the company commander, under the Soviet military system with a dual command system, usually sits behind and does not participate in the forefront charge.
Otherwise, if the commander is killed, who will command the battle.After all, as the military leader, "Ula" was completely wiped out, and its impact on the battlefield situation was too great to be used as a "consumable". Moreover, once the troops charge unfavorably, the commander is often the one who performs the supervision task, and the one who takes the lead in charge is the political officer.
For example, the colored photo in the picture below is an instructor of a company under the 220th Regiment of the 4th Division of the 18th Army of the Soviet Army. Shortly after the photo was taken, he died on the front line of the Battle of Voronezh-Voroshilovgrad.
After announcing his separation from Ukraine, Lugansk, the "old revolutionary base of the Soviet Union", also erected a commemorative sculpture for the political commissar of Yeliaumko. On Victory Day, he would pay homage to
Therefore, the Soviet political officers during the Patriotic War also became the people hated by the German army the most, which largely explained why the "head of state" issued an order to "shot directly on the spot" to the German army on the Eastern Front.
Similar scenes, it has been reflected in the "main theme" films and TV series produced by the Soviet Union or Russia.
left hand pistol and right hand shovel, strode and meteor running in the team, the first is the classic image of the Soviet political commissar
The Soviet officer in reality is more like the interpretation in " Brest Fortress " (co-production of Russia and Belarus ). He always likes to take the lead in rushing in the front. Without weapons, he holds the bench and shovels on the military industry. This seems to be their fighting instinct engraved in his bones.
A classic charge scene in "Brest Fortress"
At the most critical moment, political cadres can still calmly maintain discipline and unite the military and civilians.
Captain Zubachev and Political Commissar Fuming in the movie "Brest Fortress" have real characters prototypes.
Political Commissar Fuming himself is more like a weak scholar
Now in front of the monument to Fuming Political Commissar Fuming, there are still many people coming to pay tribute, with flowers constantly. This place also belongs to an important patriotic education base in Belarus.
Monument of Political Commissar Fuming
Although in the context of Western control, the liberation of Auschwitz almost became the US military, and the turning point of World War II was also regarded as Normandy. It seems that in Hollywood in the United States of America helped the people around the world win World War II.
But historical materials will not lie, especially the first-hand memoirs left by the enemy.
German general Ehad Rous In his "Memoirs of the Eastern Front", he once said this:
"The so-called Soviet soldiers were engaged in battle just because they were afraid of the political commissar, which was not true at all. The combat effectiveness shown by Russian soldiers was not inspired by fear alone. Russian soldiers still resisted tenaciously even without seeing hope, which is largely because of the exemplary role of the political commissar. The political commissar of the Soviet army was ordered to personally go to the most dangerous and decisive location in the battle...
They can always stabilize order in the most chaotic time... ...These political officers will always take the lead in passing through the minefield....
After that battle, we found that all 13 Soviet officers and soldiers in the trenches were killed. These were officers of a regiment headquarters of the Soviet army, and the commander was their political commissar. When this political commissar died in battle, he still held a rifle in an aiming posture..."
The person sitting in the middle is Ehad Rauss who commanded the Battle of Kharkiv in Ukraine on the Eastern Front. In short, any warlike army in the history of the world has never been composed of slaves and whips. In addition to professional training and advanced equipment, we must rely on effective ways to build ideological disciplines to turn unorganized people with different backgrounds into unusual "strong combat forces"... In this regard, it seems that it is exactly what the contemporary Russian army lacks.
