On September 20, 1946, the Kuomintang theater organ "Struggle Daily" published an "Open Message to Mao Zedong." The next day, the Kuomintang's "Central Daily News" in Chongqing and Nanjing reprinted the full text.

On September 20, 1946, the Kuomintang war zone newspaper "Struggle Daily" published an "Open Message to Mao Zedong." The next day, the Kuomintang's "Central Daily News" in Chongqing and Nanjing reprinted the full text. And this article also has an eye-catching title - Chief Fu telegraphed to persuade Mao Zedong, hoping to learn a lesson, lay down his arms, join the government, and promote constitutional government.

The article "Public Message to Mao Zedong" is sharp in words and full of sarcasm and ridicule. When Commander-in-Chief Zhu De read this article, he said angrily: "People scold us for going through the 25,000-mile Long March, but this is nothing more than this!"

Chairman Mao

I thought that Chairman Mao, the protagonist of this article, would also be angry, but no Thinking of it, he smiled and said in an appreciative tone: "This article is very good! Tell Liberation Daily to reprint the full text and share the wonderful articles!"

So what is going on? Who wrote this article? Why didn't Chairman Mao get angry after seeing it, but admired it very much? What's the secret behind this?

Secretly conveyed information to prevent the People's Liberation Army from suffering greater losses

In August 1945, after Japan announced its unconditional surrender, the contradiction between the Kuomintang and the Communist Party became more and more serious. Chiang Kai-shek pretended to have peace talks while actively seizing territory, in order to launch a civil war Prepare. Therefore, carrying out intelligence work among the main forces of the Kuomintang and understanding their movements is the focus of our party's consideration.

Yan Youwen was born in Ronghe County, Shanxi Province in 1914. He studied at Shanxi University Law School in 1936 and later participated in the progressive culture led by underground party members Du Renzhi and Zhang Youyu. sports. After the outbreak of the Anti-Japanese War, Yan Youwen came to Yan'an, and was later assigned to the Kuomintang's northwest warlord Ma Hongkui's department, and then went to Fu Zuoyi's army to engage in anti-Japanese work.

Yan Youwen has outstanding talents and excellent writing skills. In addition, he and Fu Zuoyi are both from Ronghe County, so he was quickly appreciated by Fu Zuoyi and became his personal secretary and official secretary. After the outbreak of the Anti-Japanese War, the Kuomintang and the Communist Party once again ushered in cooperation, and the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China also sent special commissioner Pan Jiwen to work in Fu Zuoyi's department.

Yan Youwen

Pan Jiwen and Yan Youwen are also fellow villagers in Ronghe County. The two often discuss the current situation together, which also allows Yan Youwen to deepen his understanding of the CCP's anti-war policy. In 1938, Yan Youwen secretly joined the Communist Party under Pan Jiwen's introduction.

In the second half of 1939, the Kuomintang launched its first "anti-communist" upsurge, and then sent Central Supervisory Committee member Yao Dahai to Fu Zuoyi's department to ask Fu Zuoyi to eliminate communists from the army. At that time, Fu Zuoyi's relationship with the Eighth Route Army was still good, but he still had no choice but to send communists from various military and political agencies back to Yan'an, including Pan Jiwen.

Because the matter was too urgent, Pan Jiwen and others had no time to make proper arrangements. In this way, Yan Youwen lost contact with the party organization...

Wang Yu's mission this time was to get in touch with Yan Youwen. He disguised himself as a businessman and came to Baotou . On this day, Wang Yu was eating and worrying about how to find Yan Youwen, but unexpectedly he got an unexpected gain.

Wang Yu heard a Kuomintang officer whose accent was similar to his own while eating, so he went to visit his relatives. This Kuomintang officer's name is Xue Qilu, and he is the secretary of the confidential room of Fu Zuoyi's headquarters. Wang Yu passed cigarettes and toasted, making Xue Qilu very happy.

Wang Yu said to Xue Qilu: "Mr. transfer."

Xue Qilu heard Yan Youwen's name and said quickly: "I know Yan Youwen, he is Chief Fu's secretary! " When Wang Yu heard that there was something going on, he quickly used all means to win over Xue Qilu. Within a few days, Xue Qilu brought Wang Yu into Yan Youwen's office.

Of course There were not only Yan Youwen in the office at that time, but also several important members of the Kuomintang such as Xue Qilu. Wang Yu could not tell the truth, so he had no choice but to say "looking for his brother" again. Yan Youwen looked at the unfamiliar Wang Yu in front of him and said, "I." Don't remember such a thing. "Wang Yu had no choice but to leave.

A few days later, Wang Yu found out Yan Youwen's address and quickly visited him with cakes and other gifts. Yan Youwen's mother was not thoughtful. When she heard that the other party was here to see her younger brother, she immediately brought him in. House. But Yan Youwen was very alert to this inexplicable Wang Yu, and always used a defensive look. God looked at him.

Since Yan Youwen's mother was present, Wang Yu couldn't identify herself, so she told him about "looking for his younger brother" again, and handed the gift to him with a bow until Yan Youwen's mother left. , Wang Yucai said seriously: "Is your name Yan Youwen?" Are you from Ronghe County, Shanxi? Are you a graduate of Shanxi University ? "

Yan Youwen was first surprised by Wang Yu's two faces, then nodded doubtfully and said, "Who are you? How do you know this? Wang Yu no longer concealed anything and said directly: "Comrade Yan Youwen, I am from Yan'an. This time the organization sent me to Baotou to contact you." "

Yan Youwen was very vigilant. He was worried that the Kuomintang was bombing him, so he didn't say anything. Seeing this, Wang Yu told what Yan Youwen had done for the party organization before. Only then did Yan Youwen believe that it was the organization faction. The person who came to contact him.

He took an emotional step forward, held Wang Yu's hand tightly and said: "I have been looking forward to you coming to me for many years, and this day has finally come! "

Before Wang Yu came to Baotou, the organization had warned:

"After you find Yan Youwen, you must establish a top-secret single-line contact with him, and you are not allowed to contact any local organization; Yan Youwen understands and masters major strategic political and military intelligence, Also understand and master the relationship between Fu Zuoyi and Chiang Kai-shek, and do not let anyone know his identity to avoid increasing the risk of exposure. "

In this way, in the territory of the Kuomintang, the only person who can contact Yan Youwen and know his identity is Wang Yu; and in the liberated areas, the only person who knows Yan Youwen's identity is the security guard of the Shaanxi-Gansu-Ningxia Border Region Government Department and several senior leaders of the Social Affairs Department of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China; and further up were Chairman Mao and Zhou Enlai.

Later, Yan Youwen’s relationship was transferred to the Social Affairs Department of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China, and this intelligence line was also compressed into ht. ml2 Yan Youwen - Wang Yu - Luo Qingchang - Li Kenong . This is enough to show the importance of Yan Youwen and the protection of him by the party organization

In the days that followed, Yan Youwen and Wang Yu. We had several secret conversations in the cloth shop. Not only did he tell all about Fu Zuoyi’s military strength and combat plans, but he also revealed an important piece of information: “Fu Zuoyi has been dragged onto Chiang Kai-shek’s civil war chariot, and I believe he will attack soon.” Suidong Liberated Area. "

Wang Yu quickly reported this information to a certain unit of the North China Army stationed in Feng Town, Suidong. Sure enough, after Chiang Kai-shek openly tore up the armistice agreement, he launched an all-out attack on the liberated areas, and the Suidong Battle was about to break out.

Because of the North China Army, After receiving the intelligence, the army retreated early and did not engage in a large-scale battle with Fu Zuoyi's troops. Several years later, Luo Qingchang, director of the Investigation Department of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China, commented: "Yan Youwen's intelligence helped our North China Field Army avoid greater losses." played an important role. "

Chiang Kai-shek

Yan Youwen wrote an article to "scold" Chairman Mao, but the Chairman laughed instead of being angry

At the end of June 1946, Chiang Kai-shek openly tore up " Armistice Agreement", launched a fierce attack on the liberated areas, and a full-scale civil war broke out. At the end of July 1946, Nie Rongzhen and He Long jointly besieged Datong. Chiang Kai-shek, seeing that Datong was in danger, quickly ordered Fu Zuoyi to lead his troops to attack Jining, an important town in Inner Mongolia, in an attempt to "encircle Wei and save Zhao."Although Fu Zuoyi's ministry finally won, both sides suffered certain losses.

Despite this, Fu Zuoyi was overjoyed with these results. He immediately found Yan Youwen and asked him to write an open letter to Chairman Mao to express his opinions and attitudes to Chairman Mao, Chiang Kai-shek, the Americans, and the whole country.

Yan Youwen felt very embarrassed after hearing Fu Zuoyi's words. After all, he was a Communist Party member. How could he help the Kuomintang scold his own chairman? But Yan Youwen could not refuse Fu Zuoyi, lest he would be suspicious. In desperation, Yan Youwen had no choice but to tell Wang Yu about the matter and ask him to report it to his superiors to see how they would deal with it.

Later, Wang Yu reported to Li Kenong, Li Kenong reported to Zhou Enlai, and Zhou Enlai reported to Chairman Mao. When Chairman Mao found out, he was not angry. Instead, he smiled and said: "You can write articles, but the words must be sharp..."

Zhou Enlai immediately instructed: "After this letter is published, Fu Zuoyi and his officers and soldiers must be carried away and disintegrate them." to inspire our officers and soldiers to hate the enemy and want to eat the enemy in one bite on the battlefield!"

So Yan Youwen wrote the sensational open letter from General Fu Zuoyi to Mao Zedong.

Fu Zuoyi

article was published, it had the impact Chairman Mao expected on both the enemy and ourselves. After Commander-in-Chief Zhu De saw the message copied by the radio personnel, he asked the Shanxi-Suiyuan and Shanxi-Chahar-Hebei Military Regions to read to the cadres above the company level: "It is better to provoke the generals than to invite them. People scold us for going through a 25,000-mile Long March, but it is nothing more than this!"

After reading this letter, our party members all hated the Kuomintang and wanted to rush to the battlefield immediately and eat the enemy in one bite; and this letter also played a role in protecting Yan Youwen in the Kuomintang.

When Chairman Mao saw this news, not only was he not angry, but he said with great appreciation: "Tell the Liberation Daily to reprint the full text, so that all the wonderful articles will be appreciated!"

This article also left a very deep impression on Chairman Mao. I was deeply impressed. After the peaceful liberation of Peking, Yan Youwen followed Fu Zuoyi and Deng Baoshan to Xibaipo to visit Chairman Mao. As soon as Chairman Mao saw Fu Zuoyi, he said: "You have made great contributions to the peaceful liberation of Beiping. You are indeed a bloody man of the Chinese people!"

Chairman Mao then said to Yan Youwen on the side: "You were the one who wrote the article back then. Yan Youwen? Okay, your article is very vivid!" No one present except those who know Yan Youwen's true identity can recognize the pun in Chairman Mao's words.

However, this open letter also brought a lot of inconvenience to Yan Youwen. For example, many of Yan Youwen's friends broke up with him, saying that Yan Youwen had rebelled and surrendered to the Kuomintang. Even He Long didn't know the truth and said: "I want to expel Yan Youwen from the party!"

Trying to figure out Chiang Kai-shek's psychology bought valuable time for our army

At the end of 1947, Chiang Kai-shek appointed Fu Zuoyi as the commander-in-chief of the "Suppression General" in North China, taking charge of all provinces in North China. of military and political power. At this time, Yan Youwen not only continued to serve as Fu Zuoyi's secretary, but also held multiple positions.

After the Liaoshen Campaign ended, Chiang Kai-shek held a supreme military emergency meeting in Nanjing to formulate the next battle plan. In order to preserve his strength and strengthen the defense line in the Yangtze River basin, Chiang Kai-shek asked the North China Group's 600,000 troops to withdraw to the south of the Yangtze River, and asked Fu Zuoyi to serve as the military and political commander of the southeast in Nanjing.

Fu Zuoyi knew exactly what Chiang Kai-shek was planning. He was unwilling to go to the south to defend the Yangtze River for Chiang Kai-shek, but if he refused this appointment, he was likely to be relieved of military power or even detained in Nanjing.Because at that time Chiang Kai-shek forced Fu Zuoyi to go to Nanjing to hold a military meeting in person, everyone said: "Fu Zuoyi is probably the second Zhang Xueliang ."

At such a critical juncture, Yan Youwen analyzed Chiang Kai-shek Shi's psychology: Once the troops withdrew southward, Chiang Kai-shek obviously knew that the best result would be only half of the country and a corner of the country. Although Chiang Kai-shek knew that the 600,000 troops from North China should withdraw southward at this time, he was not willing to end up with this fate.

After Yan Youwen analyzed Chiang Kai-shek's psychology, he quickly found Fu Zuoyi and reported to him. After repeated discussions, the two finally decided to try their best to persuade Chiang Kai-shek to stick to North China instead of retreating south. So how should we persuade Chiang Kai-shek? At this time, Yan Youwen suggested seizing Chiang Kai-shek's ambivalence to make an article.

At the Nanjing Military Conference, Fu Zuoyi made an impassioned speech in accordance with the countermeasures previously discussed with Yan Youwen, saying that retreating to the south was a partial security measure, and sticking to North China was the overall situation. Chiang Kai-shek felt very uncomfortable after hearing Fu Zuoyi's words. Of course, he didn't want others to compare him like this, and this was exactly the effect Yan Youwen wanted.

In addition, Fu Zuoyi also showed confidence in sticking to North China, which also made Chiang Kai-shek hesitate. Everyone knew that Fu Zuoyi was the famous "city-defending general". In addition, Chiang Kai-shek was stimulated by Fu Zuoyi's "partial peace" theory, and seeing that Fu Zuoyi was so confident, Chiang Kai-shek finally agreed to suspend the implementation of the southward evacuation plan.

As Fu Zuoyi's confidant and think tank, Yan Youwen successfully helped Fu Zuoyi achieve the goal of "not retreating south, but also returning to Peiping safely"; As a member of the Communist Party, Yan Youwen and Chiang Kai-shek fought this psychological war, which also served our party. Our army gained very precious time.

At this time, the Central Military Commission was also eager to understand Nanjing's overall strategic considerations for North China after the Liaoshen Campaign. For this reason, Li Kenong, Luo Qingchang and others frequently talked to Wang Yu and asked him to go to Peking to find Yan Youwen to get important strategic information.

Wang Yu came to Peiping not long after, and when he saw Yan Youwen, he immediately told him the instructions from his superiors. Yan Youwen did not disappoint the organization. It only took him more than a week to obtain the next strategic plan for North China from the top authorities of the Nanjing Kuomintang and told Wang Yu.

Wang Yu quickly returned after receiving the Kuomintang's strategic plan, and Li Kenong immediately reported to Chairman Mao and Zhou Enlai. After hearing this, Chairman Mao and Zhou Enlai thought it was very useful and the central government could make up its mind.

According to the Kuomintang strategic plan provided by Yan Youwen, the central government considered that if Chiang Kai-shek's 600,000 troops in North China were to withdraw to the south of the Yangtze River, it would have an unpredictable impact on the overall liberation war. Therefore, the central government took advantage of the time when Chiang Kai-shek's plan to withdraw to the south was " to suspend the implementation of " and quickly made a series of major strategic adjustments to the country's major battlefields:

"launch the Pingjin Campaign in advance 3. Order the Northeast Field Army to immediately end its rest and recuperation and enter the customs in advance; the North China Field Army will withdraw from the siege and return to Sui, and delay the attack on Taiyuan..."

After all these strategies have been adjusted, it will be very difficult for Chiang Kai-shek to withdraw southward. All of this not only laid the foundation for the peaceful liberation of Peiping, but also greatly accelerated the process of national liberation.

The hero behind the peaceful liberation of Peiping

After the Northeast Field Army entered the Pass, whether Fu Zuoyi fought, left, or made peace has also become the focus of the world's attention. Fu Zuoyi has a habit of always consulting with his cronies before making major decisions, and the first person he talks to is Yan Youwen.

Yan Youwen stated his opinions in detail to Fu Zuoyi many times and analyzed the current situation. He said: "War and war are irresponsible to history, the people, and the subordinates. Now only the path of peace is the only correct way." choice. We should negotiate with the CCP as soon as possible to peacefully resolve the Peiping issue."

In addition, Yan Youwen also used his position to arrange for Fu Zuoyi's old friends Liu Houtong, Du Renzhi and others to meet with him. Ideological work. At the same time, it was also suggested that Fu Zuoyi hold a symposium with university professors to listen to the opinions of all cultural circles on the current situation.

Yan Youwen has repeatedly emphasized to the central government the special nature of Fu Zuoyi's troops in the Kuomintang army. He has exerted subtle influence on Fu Zuoyi for so many years in order to win Fu Zuoyi and his troops to the people's side when the time is right. Now that the time has come, Yan Youwen hopes that Fu Zuoyi and his men can embark on a bright road.

On December 17, 1948, Fu Zuoyi sent Cui Zaizhi as a representative, accompanied by underground party member Li Bingquan, out of the city to negotiate with the People's Liberation Army. However, due to the large gap between the goals of the two sides, they could not reach a consensus.

Fu Zuoyi felt that the goals and conditions of the two sides were far apart. He was once discouraged and prepared to give up the negotiations and stick to Pingjin. Especially since the New Security Battle 5 Army was annihilated by the People's Liberation Army, Fu Zuoyi's mood has been particularly low, and the Peking Peace Talks are facing the possibility of failure.

At such a critical moment, Yan Youwen did not go home for more than ten days in a row. He and Fu Zuoyi's daughter Fu Dongju took turns to stay by Fu Zuoyi's side day and night. At the same time, they did his ideological work and advocated that they should never give up negotiation or peace.

On January 5, 1949, Fu Zuoyi and Yan Youwen studied at the headquarters of Zhongnanhai until late at night, and finally decided to send Zhou Beifeng as a representative out of the city for the second negotiation the next day. Yan Youwen immediately called Zhou Beifeng and sent a car to pick him up to meet Fu Zuoyi at the headquarters.

Only then did Zhou Beifeng and Zhang Dongsun hold the second negotiation with Lin Biao, Luo Ronghuan and others in Balizhuang, Hebei Province the next day. The Peking peace talks came to another village.

After the Balizhuang negotiations began, the central government sent Wang Yu to Beijing to find Yan Youwen to learn from him Fu Zuoyi's true thoughts in order to make future negotiations smoother. Yan Youwen and Fu Zuoyi get along day and night, and he can be said to be one of the people who knows him best.

Yan Youwen said: "Fu Zuoyi is very contradictory. He is a famous anti-Japanese general who cherishes his reputation very much. At the same time, he also attaches great importance to traditional morality and loyalty. But what he pursues is not personal rights, but the pursuit of peace. At the same time, it can preserve the reputation of other departments and give its people a good future." After accurately understanding and grasping Fu Zuoyi's psychological and ideological activities, the central government formulated and modified negotiation policies and plans. We gave appropriate consideration to Fu Zuoyi's difficulties and demands, which also enabled subsequent negotiations to proceed smoothly and reach a peace agreement that satisfied both parties.

On January 21, Yan Youwen and two other representatives, under the assignment of Fu Zuoyi, negotiated with People's Liberation Army representative Su Jing to implement a specific plan for the peaceful settlement of Peiping, and drafted the "Agreement on the Peaceful Liberation of Peiping."

On the afternoon of January 22, Yan Youwen announced the "Peking Peace Agreement" to the world in Zhongshan Park, Peking, as the representative of Fu Zuoyi and the spokesperson of the North China "Suppression General".