drove Boeing’s "Captain Sally", 7 years earlier than Captain Sally.
Indonesia Garuda Airlines logo
On January 16, 2002, a Boeing 737-300 passenger aircraft (Boeing 737- 3Q8, registration number PK-GWA, completed in 1988 and delivered to Garuda Eagle Airlines early next year. It was one of the first batch of Boeing 737-300 passenger planes introduced by the company. It was 14 years old at the time of the incident. Old aircraft) is flying GA421 from Mataram Airport in Lombok to Adi Sucipto Airport in Yogyakarta, Java. There were 2 crew members, 4 crew members and 54 passengers on board at that time. The aircraft was flying at a cruising altitude of 28,000 feet. Since it is a short-haul domestic flight, the whole journey only takes 60 minutes, and the voyage is just over half of the time.
Mataram Airport
The captain of the GA421 flight on the day of the flight was Abdul Rozak, the senior captain of Garuda Airlines with 14,000 hours of flight time , His co-pilot was young pilot Harry Gunawan. They have flew this route with their partners many times before, and they are already familiar with it. At this time, Captain Rozak flew the plane, and the first officer Gunawan was in charge of contacting the ground. The flight attendant was served by Tuhu Vassono (male), a senior flight attendant with 16 years of flight attendant qualifications, and there were 3 female flight attendants.
Abdul Rozak Captain
Tuhu Vassono Crew Chief
Abdul Rozak Captain (hereinafter referred to as "Captain"): "How's the weather in Yogyakarta?"
The first officer of Harri Gunawan (hereinafter referred to as "the officer"): "There should be no major problems, but some Rain.”
At this time, the captain found a cumulonimbus cloud directly in front of the aircraft on the weather radar.
Captain: "There is a cloud ahead, we better avoid it. Change the course to 300°." (Indonesia was in the rainy season at the time, and the climate is fickle)
Co-pilot: "Jiaru Up to 421 call control, request to change course to 300°. Avoid the cumulonimbus cloud group ahead."
Java Air Traffic Control Center (hereinafter referred to as "Air Traffic Control Center"): "Received, Garuda 421, request approval Heading 300°. After bypassing the cumulonimbus cloud group, continue to fly directly to the BA navigation point.”
Co-pilot: “Garuda 421 understands.”
Aerial catastrophe screen: Flight The flight AG421
in China was shortly afterwards, but a group of larger cumulonimbus clouds appeared in front of the 300° flight route, which was also home.
Co-pilot: "What should I do? I can't get around it."
Captain: "Left a little bit to the left and drill through the gap in the green zone. It's not a big problem."
Aerial catastrophe: Flight AG421 flying to the cumulonimbus
Tuhu Vassono Chief Attendant (hereinafter referred to as "Crew Chief"): "Hey, Captain, what What's the matter?"
Captain: "Notify the passengers that we may encounter a bit of turbulence, and I hope it will not be too bumpy then."
Crew Chief: "Good Captain."
The flight attendant’s announcement sounded in the random cabin: “Ladies and gentlemen, there will be turbulence in front of the plane, and there may be turbulence. Please sit in their seats and fasten your seat belts. The cabin will be temporarily suspended and the restrooms will be suspended. Thank you.”
Co-pilot: “Garuda 421 call control, request to descend to 19,000 feet (about 5800 meters) to hold.”
Air Traffic Control Center: “Garuda 421, can descend to 19,000 feet ."
Co-pilot: "Garuda 421 understands."
A few minutes later, Flight AG421 flew into the cumulonimbus cloud group. The clear sky around it turned into lightning and thunder in an instant.
Captain: "Where did the weather pop up?!!!"
Co-pilot: "Okay, but we have already flown in."
Captain: "Fasten seat belts That’s a super storm body.”
The AG421 flight
flew into the storm. Under the influence of the storm, the aircraft was shaking violently, the cabin was dim, and the lighting system flickered. The luggage compartment doors on the top of the plane were "opened" due to violent shaking, and the luggage "falled from the sky" one after another, hitting the passengers' heads. Some unfixed altars and pots in the pantry were also shaken off, "cracking" to the ground.
The aircraft has shaken to the point where it affects the crew's control of the aircraft. In the cockpit, the captain and co-pilot held the joysticks in their hands tightly and tried to stabilize the flight attitude of the aircraft.
The second view of the PK-GWA Boeing 737-300 passenger plane painted by Garuda Eagle, Indonesia
Captain: "Pay attention to the engine!"
Co-pilot: "That's right, the captain, the power of No. 1 and No. 2 engines has dropped."
The two crews were horrified to see that the engine thrust value on the dashboard was dropping sharply.
Captain: "Increase the thrust!"
Co-pilot: "It's TOGA, but there is no response!"
Captain: "Watch it! Watch it!"
Co-pilot: "Yes, captain!"
Captain: "Damn it, engine 1 is turned off!"
Co-pilot: "Confirm."
Terrain sounded in the cockpit "TERRAIN" sound of obstacle alarm.
Co-pilot: "Engine 2 is also stalled!"
Captain: "What?!"
Co-pilot: "The aircraft has completely lost its thrust."
Captain: "All systems are changed to emergency operation!"
co-pilot: "The altitude keeps dropping!"
Captain: "Execute the engine stall checklist program!"
Co-pilot: "Engine start power Door FLT (flight) position!"
Captain: "Confirm the engine start switch FLT (flight) position!"
Co-pilot: "Start handle CUTOFF (cut off) position!"
Long: "Confirm the CUTOFF position of the start handle!"
Co-pilot: "The engine restarts for 30 seconds!"
But after 30 seconds, the engine was not restarted.
Co-pilot: "Restart failed!"
Captain: "Try again!"
Co-pilot: "OK! Try again!"
Another suffocating one After 30 seconds, the engine remained unresponsive.
Co-pilot: "Still no response."
Captain: "What is our descent rate now?"
Co-pilot: "Descent 1,000 feet (about 305 meters) every 15 seconds."
Captain: "We have to think of a way, or we will fall to the ground within a few minutes. Turn on the APU (auxiliary power unit)!"
Co-pilot: "Turn on the APU!"
Be the co-pilot Turn on the APU switch, but no indicator lights are on. Instead, all meter indicators are off. "Damn, all power is interrupted!"
Captain: "Look what happened?!"
Due to the power outage, the transponder stopped working, and the radar signal of Flight AG421 disappeared from the radar screen of the Java Air Control Center."Garuda 421, please answer if you hear it! Garuda 421, report your position." Of course the crew of flight AG421 could not hear it.
And the cabin crew of AG421 flight is also trying to save themselves.
Co-pilot: "MAYDAY! MAYDAY! MAYDAY! Garuda 421 for help!" Of course the controller could not hear the call for help.
The co-pilot’s "MAYDAY" call for help was clearly transmitted to the already dark cabin (the engine stopped and the lighting system lost power), and the passengers sitting in the front of the cabin heard the call for help. People who often fly by plane know a lot about what "MAYDAY" means. Even if they don't know, they probably know what it means. The prayers to Allah sounded softly in the cabin (Indonesia is a Muslim country).
Captain: "The power is interrupted and the radio is gone! What else do we have?"
Co-pilot: "There are only emergency equipment left (a backup attitude indicator, backup airspeed indicator and a magnetic compass) ."
Captain: "Now I can only resign to fate."
Resignation is to pray to Allah.
Captain: "Please Allah forgive us our sins, please give us strength and save our passengers."
Aerial catastrophe screen: Flight AG421 that dropped rapidly after losing power
You have to face reality after praying.
Captain: "See if you can find an alternate airport and confirm the best glide speed."
Co-pilot: "Good Captain." After calculating for a while, the co-pilot came to a conclusion , "The best glide speed is 212 knots."
Captain: "212 knots! What is the current speed?"
Co-pilot: "235 knots! Slow down."
Captain: "What is the height now?"
co-pilot: "8000 feet (about 2438 meters), we rushed out of the rainstorm area."
Captain: "Okay, hurry up and see where we are?"
Co-pilot: "Captain, we are near the Solo River."
索罗河
Captain: "Where is the airport? Find it!"
Co-pilot: "We flew over the captain. The altitude is too low and we can't turn around."
Captain: "Let's find a place to land and see where we can land?"
Co-pilot: "Captain, there are rice fields over there."
Captain: "No, that's too dangerous. The plane will roll over. We have to descend into the river."
Co-pilot: "It can only be so. Yes. As ordered, what should I do, please instruct.”
Captain: “Don’t put down the landing gear and flaps, help me watch the speed.”
Co-pilot: “On board, There is a bridge (on the river), can we get under the bridge?"
Aerial catastrophe shot: aiming at the AG421 unit
who is about to land on the Solo River. Captain: "You kid Is it burnt? No! It’s all over after hitting the bridge pier. What is the height now?”
Co-pilot: “3000 feet (about 914 meters)!”
Captain: “Let’s circle first One lap, and then land on the river. Help me turn!"
Co-pilot: "It's turning. There is no hydraulic pressure, it's too heavy!"
Captain: "Turn as hard as possible!"
Although the hydraulic system has failed (the hydraulic system will also stop after the engine is stopped), the Boeing 737 is not a giant airliner like the Boeing 747 after all, so the crew can barely control the aircraft with their hard work.
Co-pilot: "The roll angle is too big."
Captain: "I know! I knowWay! I know! Keep going, otherwise we can't get to the river. Work harder-how much speed is now! "
Co-pilot: "170 captain! "
Captain: "Enough! ”
The PK-GWA Boeing 737-300 passenger plane painted by Garuda Eagle Airlines in Indonesia drawn by our director 1
drawn by the director Details of Boeing 737-300 PK-GWA painted by Garuda Eagle Airlines in Indonesia 2
PK-GWA painted by Garuda Eagle Airlines in Indonesia painted by our factory director Details of Boeing 737-300 passenger plane 3
The PK-GWA Boeing 737-300 passenger plane 4
painted by the director of Indonesia Garuda Eagle Airlines Driving: "There is a bridge ahead! "
Captain: "What is the height? ! "
Co-pilot: "250 feet (about 76 meters). "
Captain: "That bridge can't exceed 80 feet, no problem! We descended on the river between the two bridges!
The last flight track of the AG421 flight before the forced landing
Co-pilot: "150 feet (about 46 meters). "
Captain: "Notify the cabin to prepare for collision prevention. "
Co-pilot: "The cabin! Do a good anti-collision posture, do a good anti-collision posture! "
Crew Chief: "Received! Anti-collision posture, everyone, anti-collision posture! "
Captain: "Okay! okay! okay! It's now! "
Aerial catastrophe screen: The emergency landing location chosen by the crew, the straight line between the two bridges on the Solo River
Co-pilot: "50 feet (about 15 meters)! "
Captain: "Stay steady! "
Co-pilot: "40 feet (about 12 meters)! "
Captain: "Please God bless us. "
Co-pilot: "30 feet (about 9 meters)! "
Captain: "Grasp it! ”
The moment when the AG421 flight made an emergency landing on the Solo River
The moment when the AG421 flight made an emergency landing on the Solo River
Finally, the AG421 flight approached 200 It made a successful crash landing on the Solo River at a speed of mile per hour. After the plane stopped, the structure of the aircraft miraculously did not suffer much damage, and there was no fire. The people who were still in shock had not yet recovered from the rest of their lives. The first crew to wake up. The crew and the flight crew immediately organized the passengers to evacuate the plane. The passengers were evacuated from the cabin doors on the right side of the nose and the tail of the plane in two groups. They waded on the shore and were rescued by villagers who came to the plane. Among the group and passengers, only one flight attendant (or another one is one passenger) was killed, 12 people were injured to varying degrees, and the rest were unscathed.
The forced landing site of the AG421 flight
The injured passenger was temporarily placed in an empty house nearby by the villagers. The injured passenger was voluntarily used by the villagers to drive to the nearest clinic. Captain Rozak contacted the Java Control Center via mobile phone after evacuating and reported the emergency Landing and location. The rescue team arrived two hours later, and the remaining passengers and crew were safely taken to the hospital. As for the PK-GWA aircraft, it was completely scrapped.
PK-GWA wreck
The final report of the National Transportation Safety Commission (NTSC) of Indonesia after investigation pointed out that the data from the cockpit recorderAccording to the strong noise and the damage to the nose radome and engine, it indicates the presence of hail. The report concluded that the hail or water density exceeded the engine tolerance when flying at idle speed, causing flameout.
Afterwards, the AG421 crew was awarded by the airline.
The analysis of the flight recorder data and meteorological satellite images by the United States NTSB (National Transportation Safety Board) showed that the aircraft was in order to avoid entering the thunderstorm area It has already been turned once, but I did not expect that there will be a larger thunderstorm area after the turn. After flying into the thunderstorm area, a large amount of rain and hail particles are instantly sucked into the engine, causing the engine to stall. The NTSB also pointed out that a major error in the crew's handling process was that it was useless to start the APU first (which can provide more power to start the main engine). In addition, it was repeatedly emphasized in the NTSB report that during moderate to heavy rain, it may take three minutes to start the host to get out of idle, and the pilot only allows one minute to start retrying. Therefore, it is recommended that pilots should maintain a high engine power level during moderate to heavy precipitation to avoid stalling.
The wreckage of the PK-GWA aircraft being disassembled
PK-GWA aircraft performance data
Model: Boeing 737-300
Designer: Boeing Aircraft Company
Crew: 2 crew + 149 crew (maximum)
Length: 33.17m
Wingspan: 28.88m
Height: 11.13m
Empty weight: 28120 kg
Maximum take-off weight: 56472 kg
Maximum commercial load: 14805 kg
Engine: Two CFM International CFM-56-3B-1 turbofan engines, single Taiwan thrust 89kN
Economic cruising speed: 794 kilometers per hour
Maximum load range: 4973 kilometers
