Dahe Daily·Yu Video Reporter Lu Gaojian Zhang Yalin
"Respect, adapt to and protect nature are the inherent requirements for to comprehensively build a modern socialist country ."
The 20th National Congress of the Communist Party of China pointed out that nature is the basic condition for human beings to survive and develop. We must firmly establish and practice the concept that green waters and green mountains are gold and silver mountains, and plan development from the perspective of harmonious coexistence between man and nature.
Last year, the Henan Provincial Central Plains Urban Agglomeration Construction Leading Group officially issued the "Zhengzhou Metropolitan Circle Transportation Integrated Development Plan (2020-2035)" and proposed to coordinate the construction of Yellow River and cross-Yellow River channels with Yellow River ecological protection and flood control security, and promote the integrated development of cross-river in the metropolitan Circle.
How can cities in Zhengzhou metropolitan area achieve coordinated development, jointly protect and govern, and jointly shape the ecological environment of green waters and green mountains in terms of classification and disposal of domestic waste, ecological protection of the Yellow River Basin, etc.? What successful experiences do other domestic urban circles have that are worth learning from?
There are more birds and the ecological environment is better
On the morning of October 25, 58-year-old Song Keming accompanied the Dahe Daily Yu Video reporter to the Xinxiang Yellow River Wetland Bird National Nature Reserve again located in Changyuan City. On the night before the reporter arrived, he had just led volunteers to patrol the reserve overnight. For Song Keming, he has developed a habit for more than 20 years to visit the Yellow River Beach area.
Song Keming is a farmer on the bank of the Yellow River and the president of Changyuan Green Future Environmental Protection Association. Since 2002, his 20-year bird protection experience has also witnessed the transformation of rare birds in the reserve from nothing to something, from few to many. "When I first discovered the ' Great Bumblebee ' more than ten years ago, there were less than 20. By last year, there were 450. There were tens of thousands of gray cranes and geese 3. From almost extinction to nearly 100,000, it is the largest population in the country. "Song Keming said that the birds in the reserve are well-known, and he could not hide the joy on his face. "There are too many birds, which proves that the ecological environment is good, so they are willing to stay."
Walking in the reserve, the blue sky and white clouds, lush vegetation, and geese fly by from time to time, like a beautiful picture. A breeze blows, the air is refreshing, refreshing and extremely comfortable. The changes in rare birds in the reserve over the past decade are also a microcosm of the ecological protection of the Yellow River Basin in Henan.
On the other side of the Yellow River beach area, 45-year-old Wang Yongchang began to get busy again. From time to time, he took out his telescope and looked carefully in the distance. Wang Yongchang is also an Wildlife Conservation volunteer, and is also the president of the Changyuan Wildlife Conservation Volunteer Association. He said he had a deep relationship with the Yellow River Beach area and would patrol here every week.
Zhengzhou Metropolitan Area 5 cities Create a national ecological garden city
It is almost noon, and it is lunch time, Song Keming ended his patrol that morning, packed up his things, and drove back to the village more than 10 kilometers away.
Song Keming told reporters that in recent years, with the attention of governments and society at all levels, the Yellow River beach area has undergone earth-shaking changes. Whether it is air quality, ecological environment, etc., it is getting better and better, just like a natural oxygen bar. In particular, the "Zhengzhou Metropolitan Area Ecological Protection and Construction Plan (2020-2035)" issued by the Henan Provincial Development and Reform Commission made him even more proud.
According to the planning content, it is clear that it is necessary to accelerate the construction of an ecological environment support and guarantee system that is compatible with the high-quality development of the Zhengzhou metropolitan area, and provide basic support for the creation of a demonstration zone for ecological protection and high-quality development in the Yellow River Basin. The "Plan" focuses on the spatial scope of the Zhengzhou metropolitan area, and comprehensively considers other areas of the four cities, including Kaifeng , Xinxiang , Jiaozuo , and Xuchang , forming a comprehensive ecological and environmental protection pattern with the Zhengzhou metropolitan area as the main body.
By 2025, the ecological environment quality of the Zhengzhou metropolitan area has been significantly improved, the demonstration zone for ecological protection and high-quality development in the Yellow River Basin has been basically completed, the ecological environment of urban living is more harmonious, the regional forest coverage rate has steadily improved, the wetland protection rate reaches 50%, the number of days with good air quality reaches 292 days, the greening coverage rate of urban built-up areas reaches 44%, and all the five cities in the metropolitan area have been created to become national ecological garden cities.
By 2035, the ecological environment quality of the metropolitan area will reach the level of developed countries and regions, and a harmonious urban area with beautiful ecological environment, a green urban area with an economical and efficient green urban area, and a socially healthy and civilized livable urban area will become a new benchmark for ecological protection and high-quality development in the Yellow River Basin.
On October 25, Wang Xia, professor and doctor of Zhengzhou University, said in an interview with reporters that the "Plan" has clarified the goals for the ecological protection and construction of Zhengzhou metropolitan area, and has drawn a timetable and roadmap. With the establishment of Zhengzhou's land space planning and the expansion of the metropolitan area, the corresponding strategies and paths will be adjusted accordingly. It is even more necessary for relevant departments to strengthen organizational leadership, clarify the responsibilities of local governments at all levels, establish and improve a coordinated promotion mechanism, strengthen policy coordination, and ensure the smooth realization of the goals and tasks proposed in the implementation plan.
What challenges are facing in the development of the ecological environment of Zhengzhou metropolitan area?
reporter learned that the "China Metropolitan Circle Development Report 2021" compiled by the China Institute of New Urbanization of Tsinghua University shows that among the 34 metropolitan Circles in the country, the Zhengzhou Metropolitan Circle is a development-oriented metropolitan Circle.
There are many challenges facing the development of the ecological environment in Zhengzhou metropolitan area. For example, the total forest area is still relatively small and the distribution is uneven. The ecological functions of the areas along the Yellow River need to be improved, and the natural ecological environment resources are scarce, and the pressure to control the air environment is relatively high. The ecological construction of prefecture-level cities is still in a state of fighting each other, and the superposition effect of ecological service functions is difficult to effectively exert.
The train runs fast, all depends on the locomotive. As the national central city of , , it has a long way to go to play a leading role and lead the high-quality development of the integrated integration of Zhengzhou metropolitan area. In the next step, Zhengzhou will strengthen its coordinated development with surrounding cities, build a regional growth pole for high-quality development in the country, and strive to build the Zhengzhou metropolitan area into an international metropolitan area with global influence.
It is worth noting that the 12th Plenary Session of the 10th Provincial Party Committee and the Provincial Party Committee Economic Work Conference proposed that our province should be built into an ecologically strong province. Its connotation includes the beautiful goal of "safe and efficient production space, comfortable and livable living space, and beautiful ecological space", and also shoulders the important task of "taking the lead in achieving healthy and stable ecosystems in the Yellow River Basin". This beautiful goal also provides new major development opportunities for the construction of Zhengzhou metropolitan area.
In addition to these, the classification of domestic waste is also an important part of environmental governance. Zhengzhou City should achieve full coverage of domestic waste classification, with the coverage rate of four provincial pilot projects reaching more than 55%, and other provincial municipalities reaching more than 30%. Among them, Zhongyuan District actively implemented the reform of the garbage classification collection and transportation system, improved the domestic waste classification collection and transportation system, and established the unified collection and transportation of kitchen waste , hazardous waste, other garbage, as well as large garbage and waste fabrics. Establish a recyclable management system with coordinated management and full participation of environmental protection enterprises, establish a unified collection and transportation system for waste fabrics, and waste fabrics are collected and transported by the sorting center. Establish a unified collection and transportation system for kitchen waste, and select sealed, environmentally friendly, efficient and intelligent special vehicles for transportation.
Associate Professor Chen Xi of Guangdong University of Foreign Studies and Foreign Trade said that the operation of cities consumes a large amount of resources and energy, and generates a large amount of domestic waste and carbon emissions every day, which brings pollution to the water environment around the city. To achieve governance in an overall way, the key is to build a smart city. Through information and data processing, pollution monitoring and pollution discharge treatment are dynamically realized. Chen Xi told reporters that relying on non-digital transformation and change, the government can integrate the power of pollution control and ecological protection, and achieve coordinated development of pollution control, energy conservation and emission reduction and ecological protection through the construction of smart cities.
has clear ecological goals. How to fully link the urban circle?
reporter sorted out and found that the "Plan" proposes to implement eight major ecological environment construction projects and take the lead in exploring the reform of regional ecological environment coordinated protection and governance mechanisms.
started the construction of more than 170 kilometers of ecological corridor along the Zhengzhou-Kaifeng section and more than 170 kilometers of ecological corridor along the Yellow River in the 100-kilometer section. In some areas of Zhengzhou Airport Port District , Kaifeng Weishi County, Xuchang Yanling County and Jian'an District , a biodiversity conservation demonstration zone is created by systematically configuring ecological spaces such as forests and wetlands.
is implanted in some areas of Zhongmu County, Zhengzhou, the Airport Port Area, Kaifeng Urban-Rural Integration Demonstration Zone, and Weishi County to create a green core of the urban circle and a regional characteristic urban living room.
In addition, it is worth noting that in Fengquan District, Xinxiang City Liberation District, Jiaozuo City, Shanyang District, , Macun District, and Zhongzhan District, soil and water conservation forests are jointly created to create an ecological security barrier in the northern part of the metropolitan area.
In some areas of Gongyi City, Zhengzhou, Dengfeng City, , Xingyang City, , Xinzheng City, , Xinmi City, and Xuchang Yuzhou City, vigorously create water conservation forests and soil and water conservation forests, and create an important ecological source in the western part of the metropolitan area. On both sides of the coastal routes (counties, cities and districts) along the south-to-north water diversion center line of Zhengzhou, Xinxiang, Jiaozuo and Xuchang, the function and quality of the shelterbelts are improved and the ecological protection belt is created.
In this regard, Wang Xia said that the eight cities in the Zhengzhou metropolitan area are connected by mountains and rivers and have a shared future. We must jointly shape the ecological environment of green waters and green mountains. We must not only follow the guiding opinions of the National Development and Reform Commission , but also learn from the experience of environmental governance in urban agglomerations such as Chengdu, Shanghai, Wuhan, Nanjing, and Hangzhou. We must insist on taking Zhengzhou metropolitan area as an organic whole, and combine its own current conditions and development goals and requirements to find appropriate strategies suitable for the Zhengzhou metropolitan area to coordinate and optimize regional ecological and environmental protection and infrastructure layout, jointly strengthen ecological protection, coordinate and promote environmental governance, effectively improve the overall ecological environment quality, build an interconnected, safe and efficient metropolitan area green network system, jointly protect a river of living water, share a blue sky, and guard a clean land together.
From fighting alone to developing in a coordinated manner, Nine cities are like one city
Break out of the "city" thinking model and establish the development concept of "circle". From fighting alone to developing in a coordinated manner, Nine cities are like one city. What makes Song Keming even more proud is that the friends in the Zhengzhou metropolitan area all have their own advantages: it is already late autumn, and on the 240-kilometer Yellow River ecological corridor winding 2, Sanmenxia, , on one side, the forests are dyed, and the river flows. Today, the area of Yellow River wetlands in Sanmenxia City has reached 427,500 mu, and the number of overwintering white swans has increased from more than 2,000 ten years ago to more than 16,000, accounting for more than two-thirds of the country.
Kaifeng proposed that under the background of the major national strategies for ecological protection and high-quality development in the Yellow River Basin, Kaifeng seizes the opportunity of integrated development of the metropolitan area, and in the future, it will build a world historical and cultural capital on the bank of the Yellow River and build a cultural center of the Zhengzhou metropolitan area.
Luoyang Mengjin National Yellow River Wetland Nature Reserve, the golden reeds that can’t be seen at a glance have become a paradise for birds to live in, and various bird songs are heard from time to time. "There are more than 250 kinds of birds coming here for wintering every year, and more than 100,000 birds." Meng Kefeng, director of the Mengjin Wetland Management Center, introduced.
Jiyuan has become a "new member" of Zhengzhou metropolitan area, making the urban development positioning clearer and more accurate: building an innovative high-quality modern demonstration zone and becoming a unique part of the "circle".
Xuchang actively practices the concept of "green water and green mountains are gold and silver mountains", builds Zhengxu ecological corridors and ecological belts with high standards, and steadily promotes the construction of Shuangqi River National Wetland Park and Heming Lake National Wetland Park, forming nearly one million acres of flowers, trees, and forests. More and more Zhengzhou people choose to go to Xuchang to buy industries and start businesses and take leisure vacations.
Jiaozuo coordinated the promotion of the comprehensive management of Zhengjiao Mountain, Water, Forest, Field, Lake, Grass and Sands, accelerated the construction of supporting projects in the two major irrigation areas of Xiaolangdi, North Bank and Xixiayuan, created 45 forest rural demonstration villages along the main stream of the Yellow River and 8 forest towns, and built a solid ecological barrier on the north bank of the Yellow River.
Industry experts said that Central Plains urban agglomeration has taken shape in the integration of Huangshan. In recent years, provincial cities such as Zheng, Bian, Luo, Jiao Xinji have accelerated the layout of urban new areas along the Yellow River. Industrial new cities on both sides of the Yellow River have risen one after another. The Yellow River has become an inland river in the metropolitan area of Zhengzhou, and the trend of integrated and integrated development has been formed.
Data from Henan Provincial Forestry Bureau shows that as of early December 2020, Henan Province has established 11 wetland nature reserves with a total area of 3.713 million mu; 71 wetland parks with a total area of 1.57 million mu.
"Let the Yellow River become a happy river that benefits the people." Now in Henan, the painting of livable city is constantly being painted with forests and water, clear water, green banks, and lakes and mountains.
What successful experiences have in other urban circles that are worth learning from?
Chengdu Metropolitan Area builds urban green hearts and ecological barriers, jointly builds a blue-green intertwined ecological water network, and jointly builds an urban ecological green ring. In 2035, the Chengdu metropolitan area will build a multi-level, networked, and complex "one heart, one screen, three networks, three rings and multiple pieces" ecological spatial pattern, and use the effective path of ecological co-construction and environmental governance to reshape the beautiful city form of the country of Tianfu, with lush forests and bamboos and beautiful fields.
Shanghai metropolitan area has good ecological background conditions, actively do a good job in carbon peak carbon neutrality, unswervingly follow the high-quality development path of ecological priority, green and low-carbon, and promote regional green, low-carbon, safe and sustainable development. Together, create a higher quality regional environment and protect a cleaner regional water environment, atmospheric environment and soil environment. Establish and improve the regional ecological environment joint protection and governance system, promote innovation in the ecological environment system of urban agglomerations, consolidate the foundation for green development of urban agglomerations, and jointly ensure a harmonious and coexistence ecological oasis.
2022 Wuhan Urban Circle 9 Municipal Ecological Environment Department will establish a work contact network and information notification mechanism, organize joint river patrol joint law enforcement every quarter, conduct joint law enforcement or cross-examination every six months, and hold a consultation meeting every six months to summarize the results, so as to promote the further deepening of the coordinated governance of cross-border river basins and joint prevention and control of air pollution.
Chen Xi believes that for example, Greater Bay Area cities have also encountered problems such as environmental pollution, high carbon emissions, and ecological imbalances in the development of Greater Bay Area. There are many environmental problems, and they are subject to the jurisdiction of different departments. For example, some belong to the Urban Construction Bureau, some belong to the Water Affairs Bureau, and some belong to the business scope of the Environmental Protection Bureau. The administrative barriers between law enforcement of multiple departments make it difficult to achieve the entire process and dynamic supervision of environmental pollution. Therefore, it is very important to build a unified intelligent platform for environmental supervision that governs from the source.
In this regard, Guangdong Province has implemented eight major projects in environmental protection, including the upgrade and expansion of environmental protection cloud platform, environmental big data resource center, environmental big data opening and sharing platform, key pollution source full-process monitoring platform, collaborative environmental supervision platform, enterprise environmental violation monitoring and early warning platform, environmental protection "group prevention cloud" platform, and environmental big data comprehensive application demonstration. Through the implementation of standardized construction projects of environmental information institutions, the coordination and linkage of urban environmental governance can be achieved. These experiences can be learned from.
Source: Dahe Daily·Yu Video Editor: Liu Rui
