hope not to "super supply exceeds demand"
Written by: Yan Xiaoliu
On September 16, The Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention issued the "Technical Guidelines for the Prevention of Influenza Vaccine (2021-2022)" (hereinafter referred to as the "Guidelines 2021").
From the operational level, "Guidelines 2021" recommends 6 key and high-risk groups for vaccination. Among them, "participants in large-scale events and support personnel" is the new recommended group this year. For the new crown vaccine and influenza vaccination, the requirement that "the interval should be greater than 14 days" is put forward.
"What I am worried about is that there will still be a hard time finding a seed this year." Ms. M, who lives in Beijing, told the "medical community" that in recent years, she and her family are all like "grabbing". "In 2019, I was notified to be able to get a shot at the end of December. In 2020, I made an appointment in September, and the family completed the vaccination at the end of November."
At present, Ms. Ms. Ms. Ms. has consulted and made an appointment in the community, vaccination APP and several private hospitals, but she was told that "the seedlings have not arrived, and it is not clear when she can get a shot."
Why did some places start to be launched in August?
"Medical community" noticed that influenza vaccines were supplied earlier this year in some parts of my country. It will only arrive in September in previous years, but it will be in mid-August this year.
On August 23, Anhui Xuancheng received the first batch of 1,000 influenza vaccines. On August 30, the Qingdao Center for Disease Control and Prevention in Shandong said that the first batch of influenza vaccines had arrived. "Influenza vaccine is a seasonal vaccine. It is a shortage of resources every year. There are many people who are given. If you take it in the past two days, the seedlings will be sufficient. If you are late, you cannot guarantee that there will be seedlings." A staff member of the community health service center in Huangdao District, Qingdao City told " China Business News ". More than 400 items of content have been collected by netizens on spontaneously. It shows that on August 7, Chengdu, Sichuan, Mianyang, and Hohhot, Inner Mongolia can receive newly produced influenza vaccines from 2021 to 2022.
But on the other hand, although some areas are already vaccinated, they are still using the vaccine produced in 2020.
A Weibo user posted that he went to get the quadrivalent flu vaccine on the morning of September 16th, and it was clear that the production date was still October 2020. According to the pictures it posted, the vaccine is valid until October this year.
In the "Summary of Influenza Vaccine Arrival Information in Various Places", a citizen of Meilan District, Haikou City said that the vaccine that expires in a few days after receiving the vaccine.
The author of "Comic Vaccine" Shao Yinan wrote an article on his Weibo account @海南 Vaccine. He said that there is no standardization problem with the influenza vaccine produced in the previous year's influenza season, and it is not illegal or irregular. But since the release of the new recommended strain for influenza vaccine in February this year, the previous influenza vaccine may no longer be applicable.
According to the information of the National Influenza Center of China, the influenza virus mutations very quickly, resulting in different strains that are popular every year. In February this year, the World Health Organization (WHO) officially announced the recommended strain of influenza in the Northern Hemisphere from 2021 to 2022.
"Guidelines 2021" shows that compared with the previous year's influenza season, there are two types of A strains in the northern hemisphere recommended strains in the 2021-2022 year influenza season, namely A H1N1 subtype and A (H3N2) subtype. Both strains are components of trivalent and quadrivalent influenza vaccines.
In order to ensure that the vaccine can play its role to the maximum extent, people should try to get the newly issued influenza vaccine in the second half of 2021.
Is the vaccine volume sufficient this year?
In the context of the epidemic of the new coronary pneumonia , influenza vaccination is particularly important.
On the one hand, the burden of influenza disease in our country is heavy. "Guidelines 2021" quoted research as saying that from 2006 to 2019, the average annual number of influenza-like cases in my country was 3 million, the number of hospitalizations for severe acute respiratory infections caused by this was 2.34 million, and the number of excess deaths for respiratory diseases was 90,000.Among them, children under the age of 14 have the heaviest outpatient and emergency treatment burden.
On the other hand, the risk of epidemic prevention and control of the new crown and influenza still exists. Once respiratory infectious diseases such as influenza are prevalent, it will complicate the prevention and control of the new crown epidemic.
Wuhan Tongji Hospital statistics show that from January to February 2020, as many as 46 of the 93 new coronary pneumonia infected with influenza were infected (accounting for 49%). If the new crown and the influenza epidemic overlap, a large number of cases with symptoms of respiratory infection in will visit the hospital, which will increase the complexity of differential diagnosis of new crown cases in medical institutions. Some cases may be difficult to detect and manage in a timely manner, increasing the difficulty and workload of the new crown epidemic, and bringing greater challenges to prevention and control work.
There is also evidence that if the dual infection of COVID-19 and influenza occurs, the symptoms will be aggravated. Many severe hospitalization cases related to respiratory infection will lead to a significant increase in demand for beds, ventilators, intensive care, etc.
has been estimated to say that the number of vaccinations this year may reach a new high. This can be seen from the batch issuance of influenza vaccines.
"Guidelines 2021" shows that there are 10 companies with influenza vaccine batch issuance records this year. This is 3 more than in 2020.
is derived from the "Technical Guidelines for the Prevention of Influenza Vaccination in China (2021-2022)"
At the same time, some regions have also increased vaccine procurement. Information disclosed by the "Beijing Municipal Government Procurement Network" recently showed that Beijing has completed the purchase of 74.5 million yuan in total and 2 million free influenza vaccines. This has increased by more than 100,000 units compared with the previous year.
Beijing has implemented free influenza vaccination for key groups for more than ten years. The free vaccination for 2021-2022 includes the city’s elderly people aged 60 and above, students from primary and secondary schools, secondary vocational schools, students from technical colleges, and emergency support personnel for major events. The first batch of vaccinations will be launched from September 22.
In May this year, Beijing released the Seventh National Census main data, saying that the city’s population aged 0-14 reached 2.591 million, and the population aged 60 and above was 4.299 million. Considering the population size, Beijing’s free influenza vaccine this year may not be able to achieve “all those who should be received”.
Some analysis pointed out that whether the phenomenon of "hard to find a seedling" will reappear this year depends on the actual vaccination demand in various places.
In addition, it is not clear that the batch issuance of vaccinations for children under 3 years old issuance. In the "Summary of Influenza Vaccine Arrival Information in Various Places", people in many places left messages saying that "the number of vaccines under 3 years old is small at present, and the hand speed should be fast."
In order to deal with the possible "hardship" situation, the "Guidelines 2021" revised the contents of "dynamic allocation and use", saying that it is necessary to organize the assessment of influenza vaccine demand, closely track the analysis of vaccine procurement, supply, distribution, vaccination, etc., and strengthen the dynamic allocation of influenza vaccines in a timely manner to ensure balanced supply of vaccines at vaccination points.
Clinical control may face greater vaccination pressure
Combined with the background of the epidemic, the "Guidelines 2021" believes that people ≥6 months of age and without contraindications can receive influenza vaccine. The following groups are recommended as priority vaccination targets, including:
1. Medical personnel, including clinical treatment personnel, public health personnel, health quarantine personnel, etc.;
2. Participants and security personnel in large-scale events;
3. Fragile people gather in nursing homes, long-term care institutions, welfare homes and other places of fragile people Groups and employees;
4. People in key places, such as teachers and students from childcare institutions, primary and secondary schools, detainees and staff from prison institutions, etc.;
5. Other high-risk groups in flu, including home-risk elderly people aged 60 and above, children aged 6 months to 5 years old, patients with chronic diseases, family members and caregivers of babies under 6 months of age, as well as pregnant women or women who are preparing to get pregnant during the flu season, etc.
@钟号 The article shows that the addition of "large-scale event participants and guarantee personnel" to the "priority vaccination population" is a detail different from the previous ones, and should consider large-scale conferences, events, etc. in 2022.
is derived from the "Technical Guidelines for the Prevention of Influenza Vaccination in China (2021-2022)"
According to the "Vaccination timing" of the "Guidelines 2021", it is best to complete influenza vaccination before the end of October. Because the vaccine can only produce antibodies with protective levels after 2-4 weeks of vaccination, and it will be free from infection and disease during the high incidence of influenza from November to March of the following year.
In this regard, the "Guidelines 2021" proposes to increase grassroots influenza vaccination sites, start vaccination early, extend the vaccination cycle, and increase daily service hours.
Wang Xi, chief public health physician of Shanghai Minhang District Center for Disease Control and Prevention, wrote in his Weibo @官网站, that the current and future work of vaccination clinics in various places is still to vaccinate infants and young children with various types of vaccines (the foundation of the country!) and vaccinate the entire population with the new crown vaccine (necessary for epidemic prevention!). The service capacity cannot be greatly improved in a short period of time.
Since the COVID-19 outbreak, doctors at all levels of CDC and and vaccination units often hold multiple positions and have great work pressure. Wang Xi, Shao Yinan and others called on the public to understand and care for vaccination personnel.
vaccination precautions
It should be noted that my country is still promoting the new crown vaccination on a large scale.
"Guidelines 2021" clearly states that since there is currently a lack of research evidence on the impact of immunogenicity and safety of influenza vaccines and new coronavirus vaccines, it is recommended to refer to my country's "Technical Guidelines for the Vaccination of New Coronavirus (First Edition)" that the interval between influenza vaccine and new coronavirus vaccine should be greater than 14 days.
can be vaccinated with the new coronavirus vaccine 14 days after receiving the influenza vaccine; or receive the influenza vaccine 14 days after completing the full course of the new coronavirus vaccine; or receive the influenza vaccine between two doses of the new coronavirus vaccine, that is, receive the influenza vaccine 14 days after receiving the first dose of the new coronavirus vaccine, and receive the second dose of the new coronavirus vaccine 14 days after receiving the first dose of the new coronavirus vaccine, and receive the second dose of the new coronavirus vaccine after 14 days.
comprehensively considers risks and benefits. Inactivated influenza vaccines, other inactivated vaccines, and live attenuated vaccines, such as pneumococcal vaccines, shingles vaccines, kiwipox vaccines, monstrosus vaccines, and diphtheria and tetanus vaccines, can be vaccinated at different places at the same time. However, after receiving the live attenuated influenza vaccine, it is necessary to get other live attenuated vaccines for more than 28 days apart. Elderly people over 65 years old can receive influenza vaccine and pneumococcal vaccine at the same time.
Source:
1. Influenza vaccine demand is strong, and many companies have expanded the production capacity. The total amount of is at least hundreds of millions of doses. Bagel Finance
2. Caishuo|This autumn’s “sales war” for influenza vaccines is about to break out, who will win? . Interface
3. Beijing held a press conference on the main data results of the Seventh National Census. News Office of the State Council of the People's Republic of China
4. Technical Guidelines for the Prevention of Influenza Vaccination in China (2021-2022). Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention
5. Summary of the arrival information of influenza vaccines in various places. Sina Weibo
Source: Medical community
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