Jiangsu has 5 universities named "city + university", namely Nanjing, Suzhou , Changzhou , Nantong and Yangzhou University . Northern Jiangsu is still blank at present - however,
Xuzhou , Huai'an , Yancheng are seeking to turn the local "college" into "city + university".
"struggle" to universities in Xuzhou, Huaian and Yancheng reflect the current situation of uneven distribution of higher education resources in Jiangsu: on the one hand, the distribution of universities in southern Jiangsu and northern Jiangsu is uneven, and Nanjing is "dominate"; on the other hand, the resources and economic strength of urban universities in southern Jiangsu are not proportional to the economic strength, and the most awesome prefecture-level city also needs Nanjing to provide "technical support".
From a national perspective, Jiangsu higher education is not weak, but it is not a worry-free place.
In addition to the mismatch of funding investment and economic level, the shortage of applied technical talents and the inability to top key industrial disciplines make Jiangsu higher education seem "high or low or low".
Jiangsu four-level colleges and universities at Nanjing
The official website of Jiangsu Provincial Department of Education shows that there are 168 general colleges and universities in the province, including 78 undergraduate colleges and universities. Among these 78 undergraduate colleges and universities, Nanjing has 34 accounting for more than 40%; Suzhou has 7 local colleges and 2 Sino-foreign cooperative education colleges and universities ( Xijiao Liverpool University , Kunshan Duke University ), which is in the second echelon; Wuxi , Nantong and Changzhou each have 3 schools - less than one-tenth of Nanjing.
is the situation in southern Jiangsu. Generally speaking, Nanjing is the only one in Nanjing, and the resources of Suzhou, Xi, Changtong universities do not match the economic scale. The situation in colleges and universities in northern Jiangsu is even more "desolate". There are a total of 13 undergraduate universities in the five cities in northern Jiangsu, including 6 in Xuzhou, Lianyungang , Huai'an, Yancheng, and 1 in Suqian. There are 4 "universities" in the names of these 13 universities, of which 3 are in Xuzhou and only 1 is in Lianyungang, namely Jiangsu Ocean University .
The number of universities is unevenly distributed, and the distribution of key industrial colleges is unevenly distributed. At present, Jiangsu Province has 30 key industrial college construction sites, involving the establishment of 25 universities. From the perspective of regional distribution of construction points, there are 14 Nanjing, 5 Changzhou, 2 Suzhou, 2 Nantong, 1 Lianyungang, 41 Huaiyin HTML, 2 Yancheng, 41 Yangzhou HTML, and 42 Zhenjiang HTML. The provincial key industrial colleges located in Nanjing account for nearly half of the proportion, and Xuzhou, Wuxi, Taizhou , Suqian , 44 provincial key industrial colleges are not selected.
Jiangsu Key Industrial College generally has clear industrial service objects and is closely integrated with local leading industries. For example, the Industrial College distributed in Nanjing mainly serves electronics, electrical and automatic, smart health care, etc., the college distributed in Yangzhou mainly serves CNC equipment manufacturing, and the college distributed in Zhenjiang mainly serves high-end equipment. The exception of
is Suzhou. The industrial colleges distributed in Suzhou mainly serve photovoltaics, pharmaceutical and biological , which are not matched enough with Suzhou's leading industries such as electronic information, equipment manufacturing, metallurgy, textiles, chemicals and light industry. On the one hand, Suzhou's industry is too strong, and it is normal for the Industrial College to keep up. On the other hand, Suzhou is close to Shanghai, and industrial technical support can also be applied to "take-takingism". Just think about the phenomenon of "Sunday Engineer" before Suzhou took off in the early stages of reform and opening up. The data on
shows that there are fewer provincial key industrial colleges in , and there are also "misplacement" or "reset" in the professional settings and industrial structure of universities in northern Jiangsu. Some colleges and universities did not consider the lag of talent employment, and their major settings were converging, and some popular majors rushed forward. Taking software engineering major as an example, it is open in Xuzhou Engineering College , Jiangsu Ocean University, Huaiyin College of Technology , Yancheng College , Yancheng Normal University and Suqian College , professional number accounts for a high proportion, and the output value of related industries accounts for less than 0.5% of the total value of regional GDP.
South Southern Jiangsu introduced university, northern Jiangsu upgrade college,
, how to crack this imbalance? In fact, for a long time, colleges and universities have become popular.For example, introduce resources from universities in other provinces and cities, or cooperate with foreign universities to run schools and other places. However, this situation was gradually stopped, and the policy window period has been slowly closed - The Ministry of Education has issued two documents to clarify that "strictly control schools in other places."
It is difficult to introduce universities outside the province, so the competition for introducing universities within the province will become even more intense. Taking Suzhou as an example, the 14th Five-Year Plan of Suzhou proposes to promote the construction of Nanjing University Suzhou Campus and Northwest Polytechnical University Taicang Campus , accelerate the development of Suzhou University in the future campus, and support the construction of municipal undergraduate universities. At present, the Suzhou Campus of Nanjing University has launched the first batch of enrollment - Nanjing has carried out poverty alleviation in Suzhou in higher education. In addition, the construction of University of Chinese Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine is underway.
Wuxi previously introduced Binjiang College of Nanjing University of Information Engineering and converted it to Wuxi College . At the end of last year, Wuxi announced the establishment of the Wuxi Campus of Yangzhou University, and accelerated the construction of Wuxi International Campus with Southeast University and applied for an independent campus. At the same time, Wuxi also signed a co-construction agreement with 11 Future Technical Colleges , Peking University , Tsinghua , Shanghai Jiaotong University and other Future Technical College. Wuxi plans to build "Wuxi Taihu University" and "Wuxi Scottish University", and supports the construction and development of Nanjing University of Science and Technology Jiangyin Campus and Nanjing Agricultural University Wuxi Fisheries College .
Changzhou 14th Five-Year Plan proposed to accelerate the construction of Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics Tianmu Lake Campus and Hohai University Changzhou New Campus. Last year, the planning and construction of the Changzhou Campus of Nanjing Medical University began. The main structure of the Changzhou New Campus of Hohai University Changzhou was completed by the end of last year, and its opening was just around the corner. Nantong actively promotes the construction of Shanghai Jiaotong University Nantong Base. Taizhou proposed to "support the construction of key disciplines and key laboratories in Taizhou University, establish master's degree sites, and accelerate the construction of Taizhou University of Taizhou University", and accelerate the construction of Nanjing University of Traditional Chinese Medicine Taizhou Campus.
Southern Jiangsu introduces universities in full swing, while northern Jiangsu is relatively "quiet", which is closely related to local economic geography, talent attraction and other factors. In the 14th Five-Year Plan, only Yancheng proposed to strengthen cooperation with Nanjing University of Traditional Chinese Medicine to build a Yancheng undergraduate medical university. In northern Jiangsu, upgrading a college to a university is more "popular".
Currently, Jiangsu has 5 universities named "city + university", namely Nanjing, Suzhou, Changzhou, Nantong and Yangzhou University, and northern Jiangsu is still blank. However, Yancheng, Xuzhou and Huai'an have plans to build "city + university". The 14th Five-Year Plan of Yancheng proposes to "improve the school management level of Yancheng Normal University and Yancheng Institute of Technology, and actively establish Yancheng Comprehensive University." According to the official website of Huaiyin University of Technology, the school has passed the "High-level Huai'an University Creation Plan".
According to Xuzhou Institute of Technology’s “two-step” plan in 2018, the school will be upgraded by 2026 at the latest, but its qualification for granting a master’s degree has not yet been finalized, and it is difficult to implement the plan as scheduled. Xuzhou officials continue to encourage. The 14th Five-Year Plan proposes to "support Xuzhou Engineering College to create a master's degree authorized unit and create Xuzhou University."
Regarding the current situation of unbalanced distribution of universities in the province, Jiangsu 14th Five-Year Plan for Education Development proposes to scientifically adjust the layout structure of higher education institutions, and give priority to resource allocation to , Suzhong, and northern Jiangsu. Although has policy support, the aggregation of universities and talents cannot be solved by administrative means, and it is closely related to the industrial economy. Therefore, while introducing cooperation in colleges and upgrading local colleges, Jiangsu's higher education depression can be promoted from the level of "gathering innovative resources" - this is a higher-level urban competition.
Jiangsu higher education "not getting high or not getting low"
"College" has many "hard" conditions for renaming "university", which means that the school's master's and doctoral degree awarding points has made breakthroughs, and also means that the improvement of the core competitiveness and quality of colleges and universities is an intuitive reflection of the teaching and scientific research level. At the same time, renaming the name of "university" is helpful for increasing popularity, introducing faculty, obtaining students, and seeking more policy and financial support.
college upgraded " involume ", not only in Jiangsu. According to incomplete statistics, at least 30 universities across the country have had new developments in the progress of renaming "universities" since this year, and there have been cases in Jiangsu, Zhejiang, Shanghai, Anhui, Hubei and Fujian provinces. university resource competition is a desire for innovative resources and an urgent hope for improving urban energy levels. Compared with , the Yangtze River Delta region and even the country's strong higher education province, Jiangsu's overall strength is not bad - especially in the transformation of scientific research results, but "Su Daqiang" is not without shortcomings.
Data from the Ministry of Education shows that Jiangsu has the largest number of ordinary colleges and universities. Judging from the data in 2020, Jiangsu's undergraduate enrollment scale and undergraduate student scale are second only to Guangdong, Shandong and Henan, and both of these two indicators account for about 6% of the country. Although the ranking is high, it has made a big regression compared to twenty years ago. In the last few years of the last century, Jiangsu's undergraduate enrollment accounted for more than 8% of the country, reaching a peak of 8.99% in 1999, and has basically shown a downward trend since then.
Not only has the proportion of students decreased, but the per-student financial funds received by Jiangsu are also relatively low in the Yangtze River Delta region. Judging from the total investment in national fiscal education funds for higher education, Anhui's annual average investment in higher education was the lowest during the 13th Five-Year Plan period, about 22 billion yuan; Jiangsu's highest was about 50.3 billion yuan; Shanghai's about 44.5 billion yuan. Although Jiangsu has a high investment, it accounts for the lowest proportion of GDP and has the largest student size, so the per capita education fund is relatively low. Jiangsu is a major education province, but its investment in higher education is not in line with its economic development level. data shows that the proportion of basic research funding investment in R&D investment in Jiangsu universities is lower than that in Zhejiang, Guangdong and Shanghai, and lower than the national average.
The highest proportion of Jiangsu college students is undergraduates, but Jiangsu Economic Development has a large demand for applied technical talents with higher vocational college education, and the supply cannot meet this demand; new materials, high-end equipment manufacturing, modern agriculture, biomedicine , mobile communications, artificial intelligence , etc. are key development areas of Jiangsu's 14th Five-Year Plan. Compared with the discipline rankings of Tames World University last year, Jiangsu's discipline rankings were lower than those of Zhejiang and Shanghai. To a certain extent, Jiangsu's higher education is a bit "not high or low". also has plans for this in Jiangsu's 14th Five-Year Plan, that is, to promote the deep integration of vocational education production and education, and to promote the high-quality development of applied undergraduate .
Judging from the situation in southern and northern Jiangsu and the differences between provinces and cities in the Yangtze River Delta, the imbalance in the development of higher education is really common. Under the new policy context, cooperation between regions and universities has become more difficult. Provinces, cities or universities in an advantageous position often lack the motivation to cooperate, and even if they are forcibly involved in the regionalization process, it may be a negative response. For cities in northern and central Jiangsu, the construction of colleges and universities must have policies, resources, organizations and platforms to work together, and it will not be a one-day achievement.
Reference materials:
Jiangsu Province and Municipal Statistical Bulletin, Yearbook, Government Work Report
Jiangsu Province Key Industrial College under the Perspective of Industry-Education Integration_Li Juyin
Comparative Study on the Cost of Higher Education Sharing in the Yangtze River Delta Region_Liu Qing
Research on the Coordination and Adaptation of Higher Education Structure and Regional Economic Development_Qiao Qifeng
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