article | Huashang Taoism Huo Yi
The United States never disappoints people in the small moves that are not allowed to be on the table.
According to a report by Bloomberg on July 6, a person familiar with the matter revealed that the United States is putting pressure on the Dutch government to ban the export of mainstream technologies needed to produce large amounts of chips around the world to China - expanding from the most advanced EUV to relatively mature DUVs, trying to curb China's rise through the "throat" of chip manufacturing.
In fact, if Dutch really agrees, it will indeed have a serious impact on Chinese chip manufacturers.
In semiconductor , lithography machine is a core device. It is not only the most time-consuming and cost-effective step, but also grasps the lifeblood of chip manufacturing process level. Currently, the most advanced 7nm, 5nm and the next 3nm and 2nm all require EUV lithography machines. Even if one is priced at 1 billion yuan, it is still in short supply.
The biggest difficulty in developing lithography machines lies in precision. Errors in any link in the manufacturing process will lead to problems in the operation of lithography machines, which indirectly leads to unqualified chips produced. From watches and mobile phones to aviation, there is no support point for chips, and even cannot be turned on . The interlocking importance makes lithography machines the most critical equipment in the semiconductor industry.
But even if it is so critical, looking around the world, there are very few countries that can be achieved. Lithography machines need to collect top technical support from different countries, which can be said to be the crystallization of global wisdom.
A lithography machine integrates light source equipment from the United States, German Zeiss lenses, Japanese optical technology and process technology provided by TSMC and Samsung . Just talking about a Zeiss lens takes decades or even hundreds of years of technical precipitation and continuous testing. my country's lithography machine has been chasing from 90nm to 29nm for 18 years.
ASML is currently the world's largest lithography system manufacturer and occupies an absolute dominant position in the market. Their production capacity determines the speed of global process expansion. has made OEM leaders such as Samsung and TSMC fight for their advanced technologies.
But at the same time, ASML is also an integrated factory. More than 80% of the components required for lithography machines are obtained from , an economy outside the Netherlands. Among them, the most critical core technology and components are from the United States.
So even if the lithography machine is extremely expensive, the profit left to ASML is not high. The lifeblood is in the hands of the United States and it cannot be assembled without obeying the command. In fact, ASML is also a link that is bored.
The expensive selling price has forced many chip manufacturing companies around the world to lose. As of now, only three countries can achieve this technology, among which Japan and the Netherlands can manufacture high-end lithography machines.
There are also sources who revealed that the United States has tried to put pressure on Japan to stop shipping the same technology to Chinese chip manufacturers.
At present, considering that the US measures will damage the trade relations between China and the Netherlands, the Dutch government has not yet agreed to ASML's additional restrictions on exports to China. After all, due to the inability to obtain the export license from the Dutch government, ASML has failed to ship the most advanced EUV priced at up to 160 million euros to China.
Although the performance of DUV devices is not as advanced as EUV, it is worse than nothing or even necessary for many severely shortage chip manufacturing processes. The key to Washington requirements is to prohibit the sale of this DUV device.
The most ironic thing is that on the morning of that day, Liu He, Vice Premier of the State Council of China, had a video call with US Secretary of Finance Yellen . The two had friendly talks on "stability in global industrial chain supply" and "emphasizing joint maintenance". China also expressed concerns about "the United States abolished the imposition of tariffs and sanctions on China and treated Chinese companies fairly". This exchange was concluded as "very constructive."
The United States has made a stumbling block on China's chip manufacturing, but it really confirms its name "not growing in the ground - they are all bad seedlings."
A month ago, I was optimistic about the continuous improvement of China's economic trend. ASML China has also expanded its Chinese team and plans to recruit more than 200 employees. Now affected by relevant news, the price of ASML US stock fell by 7.2%, expanding to 8.3%, the largest intraday decline since March 2020.
The US continues to impose "technical blockade" and "technical decoupling" on other countries, which is just a reminder that other countries "it is impossible to rely on the United States" and need to achieve technological autonomy and self-reliance and self-improvement faster.
The United States has done a lot of things about the hare beating rabbits and disrupting the world. It is wearing the light of freedom and democracy and the hands of the world's police. How many are they for the sake of hegemony under the high-sounding face?
Many unrighteous actions will cause you to die, but don’t lose all your face in the end.
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