pictures are from the Internet
American influenza ≠ novel coronavirus
When the epidemic spreads, we will involve the American influenza, so we have to start with a news from Japan Asahi TV. Japan's Asahi TV reported on the same day that the United States is suffering from influenza recently. There have been 26 million influenza patients this quarter, and the death toll has reached 14,000. However, the results of physical examinations for these suspected influenza patients show that many people do not suffer from influenza. Furthermore, the CDC (Center of Disease Control) also published an "amazing" news on the 14th: "There are suspected cases of these viruses that are not considered to be influenza, which are suspected to be the new coronavirus."
Asahi TV report screenshot
This number is indeed a bit scary at first glance. So, is the flu in the United States really so severe? Is it related to the new coronavirus?
In fact, the flu that occurs in the United States, also known as influenza , is a disease caused by a virus and is extremely contagious. Influenza is caused by different types of viruses. There are three types of known influenza: type A, type B and type C, among which type A is more common. It is worth noting that the occurrence of influenza in is seasonal and periodic. Just like influenza A will occur once every 10 to 15 years; influenza B will occur locally once every 5 to 6 years apart. So, at this time of year, influenza occurs in the United States, and the death toll is tens of thousands.
US Centers for Disease Control Flu Statistics Table
Moreover, according to the CDC statistical methods, the scope of death cases is also very wide. The over-calculation used in the estimation method includes all deaths caused by influenza and influenza complications. That is to say, it is better to calculate more than the number of deaths. Just like H1N1 influenza virus , the CDC reported that the death toll from H1N1 influenza virus in the United States was more than 10,000. However, the complete statement of the US CDC is that several thousand deaths were actually caused by H1N1 influenza virus.
The most important thing is that the official website of CDC will actually display the forecast of the epidemic data across the United States in real time throughout the year. According to the CDC's estimate of influenza, influenza has begun to appear since October 1, 2019.
Influenza data estimates from the official website of the US CDC
Therefore, the concept and severity of the US influenza and the novel coronavirus are equated, and there is a suspicion of deliberate misleading.
Distinguishing influenza, parafluenza and new coronavirus pneumonia: the top priority
So, what is influenza, parafluenza and new coronavirus pneumonia? What is the difference?
As mentioned above, the full name of influenza . The CDC said that typical flu symptoms include fever, cough, sore throat, muscle aches, headache, fatigue, etc., and sometimes vomiting and diarrhea. Flu symptoms often pop up, and most people with flu will recover within two weeks.
But for some people, influenza can cause complications, the most common complication is pneumonia. If there are no complications, then like the common cold, the flu is self-limiting. Generally speaking, the body temperature gradually drops after 3 to 4 days of onset, and other symptoms of the whole body, such as headache, fever, muscle pain, and fear of cold, but the symptoms of cough, sore throat , and weakness will continue for 1 to 2 weeks.
parafluenza , mainly caused by parafluenza virus, respiratory infection of infants and immunodeficient people respiratory tract infection of disease. Parainfluenza virus is a type of enveloped single negative strand RNA virus. It has a 1-7-day incubation period and passes through respiratory infections, which leads to acute bronchioitis, pneumonia, asthma and other diseases, and is more common in winter and spring.It often has obvious symptoms such as cough and fever. People with low immunity suffer from severe illness, and in severe cases, encephalitis, myocarditis, and even life-threatening.
Today's novel coronavirus pneumonia , according to the latest announcement by the Chinese Health Commission, the incubation period of the disease is 1 to 14 days, mostly 3 to 7 days. Patients often experience symptoms such as fever, fatigue, dry cough, nasal congestion, runny nose, sore throat and diarrhea. In severe cases, they will experience difficulty breathing and even life-threatening. How to identify
: 3 latest kits have been approved and passed
From the announcement of the State Food and Drug Administration, it can be found that my country has now approved 3 new coronavirus testing products from 3 enterprises, including 2 colloidal gold method antibody detection reagents and 1 constant temperature amplification chip method nucleic acid detection reagents.
The National Medical Products Administration has emergency approval for 3 new coronavirus testing products
. The colloidal gold antibody detection reagent is an antibody detection. is an on-site rapid detection reagent . It can be used for pre-examination and triage of medical and health institutions at all levels of hospitals, fever clinics, CDCs, communities, clinics, counties and villages, public transportation hubs such as enterprises, institutions, schools, airports, and high-speed rail stations, as well as for testing of suspected patients in such as customs inspection and quarantine.
It qualitatively detects novel coronavirus antibodies in human serum, plasma, and whole blood samples in vitro. The results can be interpreted with the naked eye in 815 minutes, and the operation is simple .
So, more questions are coming. There are so many detection reagents on the market, nucleic acid testing and colloidal gold antibody testing. Which test is more reliable, ? Can these new detection methods of replace the "gold standard" nucleic acid testing?
First of all, the human body has three lines of defense, including physical lines of defense, non-specific immunity and specific immunity. Viruses invade the human body mainly a process of specific immunity. In short, it means that the virus enters the human body, immune cells (lymphocytes) to recognize and transmit information, and immune cells secrete corresponding antibodies and attack viruses, thereby playing a role in resisting viruses.
That is to say, the first thing the virus can detect is the nucleic acid of the virus infects the body. After a period of time, the nucleic acid of the virus will use the human body to express the characteristic protein " antigen ". Therefore, when the human immune system senses that the foreign body of the virus "antigen" produces an immune response, antibodies will be produced. However, when antibodies appear in the human body, they have been infected for a long time.
33
33
33
Therefore, this antibody test is only used for the supplementary test indicator for suspected cases with negative nucleic acid tests of novel coronavirus, or the use of in the diagnosis of suspected cases in conjunction with nucleic acid test , and cannot be used as the basis for the diagnosis and exclusion of pneumonia caused by novel coronavirus infection. is not suitable for screening in the general population.
The new coronavirus has a long incubation period, which means that The human body does not show clinical symptoms after being infected with the virus . If the antibody detection method is used alone, the golden detection period of the new coronavirus will be missed.
Isn’t it easier to use nucleic acid testing? Why do we need to develop new testing methods?
's current positive nucleic acid test results will take at least 12 hours. Doctors need to inactivate the sample, extract nucleic acids, amplify, etc., then analyze the results, and finally report it. This process lasts for 6 hours. If the test result is "positive", you need to replace the reagent and repeat the operation again for a review.
Moreover, Gao Zhancheng, director of the Department of Respiratory Medicine of Peking University People's Hospital, said that the detection rate of any viral nucleic acid test cannot be 100%, and false negatives are inevitable. At the same time, the detection rate may also be related to the severity of the patient's condition, the development stage of the disease, sample material and laboratory testing conditions.
So, if the patient has obvious clinical symptoms, such as fever, and the nucleic acid test result is negative, we can also quickly obtain the results through antibody testing.
What is worth being happy about is . The "Six Respiratory Virus Nucleic Acid Test Kit (Constant Temperature Amplification Chip Method)" designed and developed by Academician Cheng Jing of Tsinghua University School of Medicine, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, and Boao Biotechnology Group Co., Ltd. has been approved by the National Medical Products Administration for Emergency Medical Devices. This is the first new coronavirus chip detection system for in China, and it is also the only respiratory multiviral indicator nucleic acid detection kit for in , including the new coronavirus.
This kit can detect 6 common respiratory viruses including the new coronavirus (2019-nCoV) in 1.5 hours. is the S and N target gene of the new coronavirus, influenza A virus, the new H1N1 influenza A virus, A H3N2 influenza A virus, influenza B virus, and respiratory syncytial virus nucleic acid .
"Six Respiratory Virus Nucleic Acid Test Kits" by Tsinghua University participated in the design and development of Tsinghua University
References:
[1] "Notice of the China Center for Disease Control and Prevention on Issuing Technical Guidelines for the Prevention and Prevention of China's Influenza Vaccine Vaccination (2019-2020), http://www.chinacdc.cn/jkzt/crb/bl/lxxgm/jszl_2251/201910/W020191017382174982602.pdf
(The picture is from the Internet, please contact us to delete if there is any infringement)
