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Editor's note:
The 20th National Congress of the Communist Party of China is a very important convened at the critical moment when the whole party and people of all ethnic groups in the country embark on a new journey of comprehensively building a modern socialist country and marching towards the second centenary goal.
In order to welcome the successful convening of the 20th National Congress of the Party, to gather the ideological consensus of the majority of police officers and auxiliary police in Xinjiang public security to work together to build the Chinese dream, and to comprehensively consolidate and expand the results of party history learning and education, the WeChat public account of "Safe Tianshan" has opened a column "Welcome the 20th National Congress and look back on the Party History" and reproduce and publish the important historical "moments" of the Communist Party of China, inspiring all police officers to draw ideals and beliefs from the party's century-old struggle history and welcome the successful convening of the 20th National Congress of the Party with practical actions.
Information photo of the Second Congress of the Communist Party of China No. 625 Fudeli Road, South Chengdu Road, Shanghai. Xinhua News Agency issued
The Second National Congress of the Communist Party of China was held in Shanghai from July 16 to 23, 1922. The delegates attending the conference included Chen Duxiu, Li Da, Cai Hesen, Gao Junyu and , and 195 party members represented. The meeting passed the "Declaration of the Second National Congress of the Communist Party of China" and resolutions on the democratic joint front, the trade union movement, the youth movement, the women's movement, the party's organizational constitution, and the joining of the third international of .
The second National Congress correctly analyzed the social nature of China, the nature, object, motivation and future of the Chinese revolution, pointed out that the Chinese revolution should be taken in two steps, distinguished the party's highest program and the lowest program, and for the first time in modern Chinese history, a thorough anti-imperialist and anti-feudal democratic revolution program was clearly proposed, which pointed out the direction for the revolutionary struggle of the people of all ethnic groups in China, and has great and far-reaching significance for the Chinese revolution.
The main content of the Second Congress of the Communist Party of China
First, the declaration analyzes the international environment in which the Chinese revolution is located. The declaration pointed out that the international situation after the First World War and the October Revolution in Russia and the situation of imperialism "coordinated" invasion of China after the Washington Conference. "The main issue in the Washington Conference - the China issue, was resolved under the American coercion. As a result, they acknowledged that Japan's exclusive plunder in Manchuria and Mongolia and the eastern Siberia put China under the 'portal policy' of their joint aggression." Therefore, the Chinese people's anti-imperialist struggle must be united with the revolutionary movement of the proletariat and oppressed nations around the world in order to defeat the common oppressor - international imperialism.
The second is that the declaration clarifies China's social nature, revolutionary nature and revolutionary driving force. The declaration points out that Chinese society is a semi-colonial and semi-feudal society. The nature of the revolution is an anti-imperialist and anti-feudal democratic revolution. The object of the revolution is international imperialism and feudal warlords. The driving force of the revolution includes the working class, the peasant class, the petty bourgeoisie and the national bourgeoisie. The working class has "great power" and will become the "revolutionary leader army."
Third, it proposed that the Communist Party of China must establish a "democratic joint front" in the process of leading the democratic revolution and maintain its independence in the joint front. The Second Congress of the Communist Party of China made a resolution on the "Democratic United Front", believing that it is completely necessary for the Communist Party of China to join the "Democratic United Front". Only "the united democratic factions can defeat the oppression of the public enemy - the feudal warlords of their own country and international imperialism -".
Fourth, the declaration puts forward the Party’s highest program and minimum program. points out: "The Communist Party of China is a Chinese proletarian party. Its purpose is to organize the proletariat, use class struggle to establish a politics of dictatorship of labor and agriculture, eradicate the private property system, and gradually reach a communist society." This is the party's highest program, which is the party's ultimate goal. The Party’s current goals are: “Eliminate civil strife, overthrow warlords, and build domestic peace”; “Superminate the oppression of international imperialism and achieve complete independence of the Chinese nation”; and unify China into a “true democratic republic.” This is the party’s minimum program, which is the party’s program in the democratic revolution stage.
The historical significance of the Second Congress of the Communist Party of China
The Second Congress of the Communist Party of China is an important meeting during the founding of the Communist Party of China and has great historical achievements.
1. It has great practical guiding significance for the revolutionary struggle at that time. The proposal of the Party’s highest program and minimum program initially solved the problem that the Chinese revolution must be taken in two steps, especially the formulation of the anti-imperialist and anti-feudal democratic revolution program. For the first time in the history of modern Chinese revolution, the object of the revolution was clarified and the problem of the driving force of the revolution was initially solved, which had great practical guiding significance at that time.
2. The first step is taken to combine Marxism with the specific reality of the Chinese revolution. The formulation of the democratic revolution program is the result of our party's use of the Marxist-Leninist theory to explore China's national conditions, reflecting the preliminary combination of the universal principles of Marxism and the actual situation in China. This is a good start and has laid a good theoretical foundation for our party to explore the unique path of the Chinese revolution in the future.
3. The formulation of the democratic revolution program of the Second Congress of the Communist Party of China marks the successful completion of the Party’s creation work. Because as a complete form of proletarian party , it must have three elements: first, a strong organizational structure; second, a correct revolutionary program; third, a certain number of party members. The convening of the First National Congress of the Party of China completed the task of building the Party in an organizational manner, but it did not formulate a revolutionary program for the Party in the democratic revolution stage that conformed to China's actual situation. The Second National Congress formulated the Party’s highest program and minimum program, which had both lofty political goals and specific programs and policies for recent work, thus marking the successful completion of the Party’s creation work.
Source丨People's Publishing House
Editing丨He Ling
Review丨Fan Guanghui
Issuance丨Lan Zedong
