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October 31, September 12, Tuesday.
October 31, Chiang Kai-shek's birthday anniversary. There have been many different opinions on the merits and demerits, so history and later generations should make the conclusion.
Cheng Kai-shek (October 31, 1887 - April 5, 1975), whose name is Zhongzheng and whose courtesy name is Jieshi (the two words "Zhongzheng" and "Jieshi", both from the "Book of Changes") was from Yixing, Jiangsu Province. He was born in Fenghua, Zhejiang Province. He was a famous politician and military strategist in modern China. His political career spanned the Northern Expedition, the tutoring government, the civil war between the Kuomintang and the Communist Party, the war of resistance against Japan, the constitution, the Republic of China government, and the Cold War in Taiwan and the East and West, and played an important role in modern Chinese history. On April 5, 1975, he died at the Shilin official residence in Taipei.
Today, let's share together Chapter 36 of "Laozi".
If you want to shrink it, you must promote it; if you want to weaken it, you must strengthen it; if you want to abolish it, you must promote it; if you want to take it, you must give it to it. This is called twilight,
is weaker than hardness. Fish cannot escape from the abyss, and the country's powerful weapon cannot be shown to others.
—If you want to converge it, expand it first; if you want to weaken it, strengthen it first; if you want to abandon it, flourish it first; if you want to seize it, give it first. This is called subtle (undetectable) wisdom, and weak can be better than strong. The survival of fish cannot be separated from the abyss, and the country's weapon (war, force) cannot be easily displayed to people (referring to the country's ability to start war easily).
1 meter Sunshine Chinese Studies School· Mr. Li, proofreaded by Ludong University Xinhua Bookstore.
Attached by 《Liezi·Shuofu》:
Yang Zhu said: "The profits are made, and the resentment of the pillars are harmed. Those who come from this and respond to outside are only requests, so the wise are careful about what they come out."
-Yang Zhu said: "If you give the benefits, you will be rewarded and return; if you give the resentment, you will be harmed. If you send them out, you will be favored. If you send them out, you will be favored. If you send them out, you will be favored. If you send them out, you will be favored. Therefore, wise people are very cautious about what they should send out."
Throughout history, those "strongest people" who like to show off their strength and are willing to start wars often end in failure.
The strong man in "Three Families Dividing Jin" " Zhibo " was destroyed when he showed off his strength, which is a famous typical case.
In history, the "Three Families Dividing Jin" is regarded as the watershed between the end of the Spring and Autumn Period and the beginning of the Warring States Period. Sima Guang lists it as the opening work of "Zizhi Tongjian".
At the time when the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period were handed over, there were only four nobles and officials of the Jin State, Zhi, Zhao, Han and Wei, among which Zhishi was the strongest. Zhiboyao relied on his strength to ask for land from Han Kangzi and Wei Huanzi . After being rejected from Zhao Xiangzi , he attacked the Zhao family in 455 14 years ago, and coerced the Han and Wei families to send troops. Zhao Xiangzi retreated to Jinyang and held on. Zhibo besieged Jinyang for two years but could not get out of the way, so he drowned the Jin River and flooded the Jin city. In the crisis, Zhao Xiangzi sent Zhang Mengtan to persuade the Han and Wei families to turn against each other, let the Zhibo army go back to the camp, defeated the Zhibo army, and captured and killed Zhiboyao. The three families destroyed the Zhi clan and divided the land. This battle is the battle of Jinyang, laying the foundation for the future "three families to divide Jin".
——In the late Spring and Autumn Period, Yue Kingdom destroyed Wu Kingdom , Goujian led his army north to hold a alliance of princes, becoming the last overlord in the Spring and Autumn Period.
The doctor of Jin State Zhi Boyao said to the other three doctors of Jin State Zhao Xiangzi, Wei Huanzi, and Han Kangzi: "Jin State was originally the overlord of the Central Plains, but later it was taken away by Wu and Yue. In order to make Jin State stronger, I advocate that each family take out a hundred miles of land and household registration to Jin Duke . My Zhi family first took out a ten thousand households to offer it to Duke Jin. What about you?"
The doctors of the three families were worried that after losing their land, their strength would decline, and they were unwilling to give their fiefs. However, due to Zhi Bo's powerful force, Han Kangzi first ceded the land and 10,000 household registrations to Duke Jin; Wei Huanzi was also afraid of Zhi Boyao's power, and also gave up the land and household registration.
Zhi Boyao asked Zhao Xiangzi again, but Zhao Xiangzi refused and said, "Land is an industry left by the previous generation, and you can't hand over what you have obtained.”
Zhi Boyao returned to Duke Chu of Jin (who was already a puppet of Zhi Bo at that time), Duke Chu of Jin ordered the Zhi family and Han and Wei families to send troops to attack the Zhao family.
In 455 BC, Zhi Boyao led the central army, the Han family's army as the right side, and the Wei family's army as the left side, and three teams headed straight to the Zhao family.
Zhao Xiangzi knew that he was outnumbered, so he led the Zhao family's troops to retreat to Jinyang (now Taiyuan City, Shanxi).
The three families led by Zhi Boyao have surrounded Jinyang City. Zhao Xiangzi ordered the soldiers to defend the city firmly and not to fight. When the three soldiers attacked the city, arrows fell down like locusts, making the three families unable to move forward.
Jinyang City has been defending with bows and arrows for more than two years. The three soldiers have never been able to capture it.
One day, Zhi Boyao went outside the city to inspect. The terrain, when I saw the Jin River northeast of Jinyang City, I suddenly came up with an idea: the Jin River flowed downstream around Jinyang City. If the Jin River was led to the southwest, wouldn’t Jinyang City be flooded? He ordered the soldiers to dig another river next to the Jin River, leading to Jinyang, and then built a dam upstream to block the water upstream. It was rainy season at that time, and the water on the dam was full. Zhi Boyao ordered the soldiers to dig a gap on the dam. In this way, the water rushed straight to Jinyang and poured into the city. Go inside.
The houses in the city were flooded, and the people had to run to the roof to take refuge. The stove was also submerged in the water, and people had to hang the pot to cook. However, the people in Jinyang City hated Zhi Boyao and would rather drown than surrender.
Zhi Boyao asked Han Kangzi and Wei Huanzi to check the water situation together. He pointed to Jinyang City and said to them proudly: "Look, isn't Jinyang almost over?" I used to think that Jinshui could stop the enemy like a city wall, but now I know that the flood can destroy a country. "
Han Kangzi and Wei Huanzi agreed on the surface, but were secretly surprised. It turned out that there was a river next to the Wei family's fief Anyi (now northwest of Xia County, Shanxi) and the Han family's fief pingyang (now southwest of Linfen City, Shanxi). Zhi Boyao's words just reminded them that since the Jin River can flood Jinyang, maybe one day Anyi and Pingyang will suffer the same fate as Jinyang.
After Jinyang was flooded by the flood, the situation in the city became more and more difficult. Zhao Xiangzi was very anxious and said to his disciple Zhang Mengtan: "The people's hearts have not changed, but if the water rises again, the whole city will not be able to be protected. "
Zhang Mengtan said: "I see that the Han family and the Wei family are following Zhi Boyao now, and I am not willing to do so. I will find a way to talk to them. "
That night, Zhao Xiangzi sent Zhang Mengtan to secretly leave the city. He first found Han Kangzi, and then Wei Huanzi, and asked them to attack Zhi Boyao in turn. Han and Wei families were hesitating, and after Zhang Mengtan said that, they naturally agreed.
The next night, after the third update, Zhi Boyao was asleep in his camp and suddenly heard a shout of killing. He hurriedly got off the couch He got up and found that his clothes and quilt were wet. He looked closely and saw that the barracks were full of water. At first he thought it was probably a dam breaking, and the water was pouring into his own camp, so he quickly asked the soldiers to repair it. But after a while, the water became bigger and bigger, and the barracks were flooded. Zhi Boyao was panicking, and in an instant, war drums sounded from all directions. The soldiers from Zhao, Han and Wei rushed over in small boats and rafts. The soldiers from the Zhi family, Countless people were cut down and drowned in the water. Zhi Boyao's entire army was wiped out, and he was caught and killed by the three families.
In order to avoid future troubles, Han, Zhao and Wei began to lead their troops to attack the Zhi family's fiefdom, killing more than 200 Zhi Bo's family at once, and even the land of the Zhi family was divided equally by the three families. Jin Chugong was furious and borrowed troops from Qi and Lu to attack the three ministers. Han, Zhao and Wei three ministers joined forces to attack Jin Chugong, but Jin Chugong was powerless Resistance, he had to be forced to flee, and died of illness on the road. After Duke Chu of Jin died, Ji Jiao, a royal family member, was established as the king, known in history as Duke Ai of Jin. Later, the three families of Han, Zhao and Wei divided up other lands left by Jin.
In 403 BC, the three families of Han, Zhao and Wei sent envoys to Luoyi to meet King Weilie of Zhou, and asked the Zhou emperor to grant the three families the title of princes.Due to helplessness and the fact that King Weilie of Zhou officially appointed the three families as princes.
Han (the capital is in today's Yu County, Henan, and later moved to Xinzheng, Henan), Zhao (the capital is in the southeast of Taiyuan, Shanxi, and later moved to today's Hebei Handan ), Wei (the capital is in the northwest of Xia County, Shanxi, and later moved to Kaifeng, Henan) all became powerful countries in the Central Plains. In addition to the four countries of Qi, Qin, Chu and Yan, it was historically called the "Seven Heroes of the Warring States Period".
The general trend of the world, long-term division will be united, long-term division will be united, and long-term division will be united, and long-term division will be united, and the cycle will be repeated...
In 221 BC, Qin Shihuang unified the world.
In 206 BC, Xiang Yu enfeoffed the eighteen princes in the world. Later, he fought a four-year Chu-Han War with Liu Bang. In 202 BC, Xiang Yu was defeated at Gaixia (now south of Lingbi County, Anhui), broke through to Wujiang (now Wujiang Town, Hexian County, Anhui) and committed suicide, and the world was unified in the Han Dynasty.
This article comes from Dafenghao and only represents the views of Dafenghao's self-media.
