Han portrait stone is a architectural component for decoration and reinforcement of tombs in cemeteries and ancestral halls and tombs. It was born in the Han Dynasty and was popular in the Han Dynasty. It is a comprehensive work of art that expresses certain plots and content by drawing ink lines on slightly polished rock slabs, with shallow engraving and coloring. The areas with more relics in my country include: Shandong, Shandong, Xuzhou, northern Jiangsu, Nanyang, Henan, Sichuan, Luliang, Shanxi and northern Shaanxi.
The Han Dynasty craftsmen used their exquisite skills and pious attitude to use the ink line style on the stone slabs that can be seen everywhere in Suide, using the technique of flat ground reduction, or outline the ink line with yang carving; or adding yin lines with pockmarks; or using shallow relief and concave carving together; or using single-layer or layered ground reduction; or applying cinnabar color; or dyeing red, green, ochre, and white dots; they are all skillful, creating exquisite and simple pictures. The Han Dynasty people's hope for survival, the struggle for destiny, the feelings for life, and the universe were dissolved in the sharp edges of the knife and engraved on the rock slab.
Qin Tang and look at Xi'an,
Ming and Qing Dynasties,
Xuzhou in both Han dynasties.
In the 400 years of the Han Dynasty, Xuzhou had 13 Kings of Chu and 5 Kings of Pengcheng. There are many Han tombs around the city, and more than 200 Han tombs have been unearthed and excavated, all of which are tombs of kings and relatives of the Han Dynasty. The rich and precious Han Dynasty cultural heritage is rare in China. The Han tombs with different structures, lifelike Han portrait stones, and vivid Han Terracotta Warriors and Horses are also known as the "Three Wonders of the Han Dynasty". The excavation of the King of Chu tomb of Shizishan was rated as "China's Top Ten New Archaeological Discoveries" and was rated as "one of the 100 Major Archaeological Discoveries in the 20th Century of China". The jade coffin and gold-wired jade clothes unearthed in the tomb are rare treasures in the world, which are breathtaking.
Lecturer introduction
Jinxingji Special Expert Zhu Hu
Professor, doctoral supervisor, doctoral degree in art, postdoctoral degree in history, mainly engaged in the research of art archaeology. He has published many monographs such as "Research on the Images of the Hu people in Han Portraits" and "Imology of Buddhism entering China in Eastern Han Dynasty".
9/30 (Friday)
Linyi Hotel Gathering
Dining: No meals
Accommodation: Linyi Hotel
1 October 1 (Saturday) Linyi City Museum, Yinan Han Tomb
Dining: Breakfast, lunch and dinner
Accommodation: Linyi Hotel
1 October 2 (Sunday)
Pizhou Museum, Xuzhou Han Culture Scenic Area
Dining: Breakfast, lunch and dinner
Accommodation: Xuzhou Hotel
1 October 3 (Monday)
Pizhou Museum, Xuzhou Han Culture Scenic Area
Dining: Breakfast, lunch and dinner
Accommodation: Xuzhou Hotel
1 October 3 (Monday)
Pizhou Museum, Xuzhou Han Culture Scenic Area
Dining: Breakfast, lunch and dinner
Accommodation: Xuzhou Hotel
1 October 3 (Monday)
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Xuzhou Municipal Museum, Xuzhou Han Portrait Stone Museum
Dining: breakfast, lunch and dinner
Accommodation: Xuzhou Hotel
October 4th (Tuesday)
Guishan Scenic Area, Baiji Han Tomb, Maocun Han Tomb
Dining: breakfast, Chinese food
Xuzhou Santuan
Introduction to the trip
September 30, 2022
Shandong Linyi
Linyi, known in ancient times as "Langya County", is an important birthplace of Dongyi culture. Linyi is covered with green mountains, with the strange valleys of Mengshan peaks and clouds in the territory. "Looking at the cliff trees from afar, the green mists are scattered on the springs" is a vivid and vivid portrayal of Mengshan. Linyi has nurtured a large number of talented and great men, including the saint Wang Xizhi, the saint Zhuge Liang, and the saint Liu Hong, who are all famous scholars in Langya; "The Art of War" and "The Art of War" of Sun Tzu in the bamboo slips of the Han tomb of Yinque Mountain were unearthed here. Linyi is also a fertile red land. The Yimeng Revolutionary Base is one of the famous revolutionary bases opened and created by the Communist Party of China in the early days of the Anti-Japanese War, and created the great Yimeng spirit. The main attractions include Menglianggu Scenic Area, Shandong Underground Grand Canyon, Guanshan Scenic Area, etc.
Recommended local delicacies: Yimeng bachelor chicken, Linyi pancakes, Yimeng full scorpion, Babao fermented black beans, Mengyin braised rabbit head, Junan donkey meat, pot-cold fish...
October 1
Linyi City Museum, Yinan Han Tomb
@Linyi City Museum
Linyi City Museum was rated as a national first-class museum in 2020. The collection types include Han Dynasty portrait stone, ceramics, bronzes, jades, coins, paintings, seals, etc. Among them, Han Dynasty portrait stone, ceramics, jades, and coins are the characteristics of the collection.
Important collections include: Longshan Culture Eggshell Pottery Hollow High-Hand Cup, Longshan Culture Big Jade Gui, Longshan Culture Double-hole Jade Shovel, Warring States Knife Coin, Wu Baizhuang Han Portrait Stone, Western Han Dynasty Golden Straw Jade Cover, Western Jin Dynasty Celadon Hu people riding lion weapon, Western Jin Dynasty bronze immortals riding lion weapon, etc. The museum contains 55 hollow high-handled cups of Longshan cultural eggshell pottery, and 12 are national first-class cultural relics. The collection of Han Dynasty stones is rich and unique, especially the Han Dynasty stones of Wubaizhuang, which are large in scale and exquisitely carved. They are the best works of the stones of the Eastern Han Dynasty in my country. The museum has more than 270 cultural relics unearthed from the Jin Tomb of the former residence of Wang Xizhi (one of the "Top Ten Archaeological New Discoveries in the Country" in 2003), including the celadon Hu people riding lions, chicken head pot, bronze immortals riding lions, phoenix birds carrying fish and chicks, etc., which are all national treasures.
@Yinan Han Tomb
is located in Beizhai Village, Jiehu Street, Yinan County, Linyi City, Shandong Province. It is a large stone tomb with portraits. The identity of the tomb owner is unknown and is speculated to be built in the late Eastern Han Dynasty. The tomb faces north and south. The tomb chambers are all built of stone. They are divided into three main chambers, front, middle and back. There are five side chambers. There are toilets in the northeast corner. The tomb has 280 stones, including 42 stones and 73 portraits. The carving techniques of portraits are diverse. The tomb door, the middle column of the front room and the caisson of the tomb are reliefs, while the rest are mostly engraved with ground plane lines or embossed with negative lines. The portraits are rich in content, including myths and legends, historical stories, wars between soldiers, sacrifices and condolences, traveling with cars and horses, harvest banquets, music and dances, etc. This tomb was stolen in the early years and was cleaned and excavated in 1954. After that, the original site was preserved. It has now been built into the Yinan Han Tomb Museum.
picture source on Weibo, thank the blogger for sharing, recommend following
October 2
Pizhou Museum, Xuzhou Han Cultural Scenic Area
@Pizhou Museum
@Pizhou Museum
Pizhou Museum takes the evolution of dynasty as the classics, typical artifacts as the latitude, cultural sites as evidence, and historical records as the basis to excavate Pizhou historical resources, clarify the cultural context of Pizhou, display the ancient charm of Pizhou, and reproduce the light of Pizhou civilization. The theme of the exhibition is "Qianqiu Piyi". According to the exhibition content and focus, the exhibition space layout is set to "3+3+2+2+1". That is:
scene exhibition halls: phoenix totem, ancient home, prosperous Yasong general history exhibition halls: Dongyi Zhaoshi, ancient Xu Wangdu, long river rhyme special exhibition halls: Western Jin Dynasty treasures, jade out of Kungang temporary exhibition halls Han portrait stone corridor @Xuzhou Han Cultural Scenic Area (Lion Mountain Han Tomb)
Lion Mountain Chu King’s Tomb is located in the western foot of Lion Mountain, Xuzhou, Jiangsu Province. In 1994, the Xuzhou Han Terracotta Warriors and Horses Museum, the Institute of Archaeology of Nanjing Museum, and the Archaeology Department of Xuzhou Museum. According to research, the owner of the tomb was Liu Ying, the second-generation Chu king who was enfeoffed in Xuzhou in the early Western Han Dynasty, or Liu Wu, the third-generation Chu king. The burial period was from 175 BC to 154 BC. The Han Dynasty had a system and was granted a king's death and buried his fief. Therefore, the tombs of the twelve generations of Chu Kings in the Western Han Dynasty should be near Xuzhou. In recent years, archaeological staff have investigated and excavated the tombs of the eight generations of Chu Kings in Xuzhou. The tomb of the Chu Kings in Shizishan is the most famous of them.
Shizishan Chu King's tomb path facing south. The entire tomb consists of 11 tomb chambers including tomb passage, patio, corridor, ear chamber, front chamber, and back chamber. The total length of the tomb is 116.2 meters, the widest part of the east and west is 13.2 meters, the total usable area is 851 square meters, and the total amount of rock excavated is 5,139 cubic meters.
The tomb passage is divided into three parts: inside, outside, middle and inside. The outer section is 29 meters long and 9 meters wide. It has not been dug into a regular slope. The rocks at the bottom are undulating. In order to facilitate burial, rammed earth is used to make a ramp on the remaining stones. The middle section of the tomb passage is 20 meters long and 3.5 meters wide. The upper part of the inner tomb passage is a huge patio with a length of 18.65 meters, a width of 13.2 meters, a depth of 8.45 meters at the south end and a depth of 10.9 meters at the north end, and an area of more than 240 square meters.
October 3
Xuzhou Museum, Xuzhou Han Portrait Stone Museum
@Xuzhou Museum
@Xuzhou Han Portrait Stone Art Museum
Xuzhou is one of the concentrated unearthed lands of Chinese Han Portrait Stone. It has rich themes and extensive content, including myths and legends, historical stories, real life, etc. It includes various aspects of politics, economy, thoughts, culture, folk customs, etc., and is a microcosm of the Han Dynasty society and a history of the Han Dynasty.
Xuzhou Han Portrait Stone Museum consists of two parts: North Pavilion and South Pavilion. The new museum displays the theme "The Great Han Dynasty - Epic on Stone", and displays new collections of fine cultural relics after 1990. It includes six major parts: "Shendao Tianlu, the ancestral hall respects ancestors, the charm of heavenly craftsmanship, the spring and autumn of Han stones, the underground palace of Qianqiu, and the inscriptions of the inscriptions". It uses the fine stones in the collection to interpret the charm contained in Han culture. Among them, the "Han Stone Spring and Autumn" part is classified according to scientific classification, and 12 small units show the various social trends of the Han Dynasty society such as clothing, food, housing, transportation, war competitions, music and dance, and mythological stories.
October 4
Guishan Han Tomb, Baiji Han Tomb, Maocun Han Tomb
@Guishan Han Tomb
Guishan Han Tomb is the joint burial tomb of Liu Zhu, the sixth generation of King Xiang of Chu of the Western Han Dynasty. It is a tomb based on the mountain and a stone is a hiding. It consists of two tomb passages, two corridors and 15 tomb chambers. The total area is more than 700 square meters and the capacity reaches more than 2,600 cubic meters. The project is huge and almost hollowed out the entire mountain. The Han Tomb in Guishan is grand in scale, with majestic and ingenious architecture, reflecting the rough and bold architectural style of the Han Dynasty. It is known as "a wonder of eternal times and a unique Chinese."
@Baiji Han Tomb
Xuzhou Baiji Han Tomb is an Eastern Han Tomb. In the 1960s, the Nanjing Museum carried out archaeological cleaning of it, but the tomb was severely stolen in ancient times, and the burial objects were looted. It is still impossible to determine the identity of the tomb owner. The only thing that is thankful is that the Han portrait stone used in the tomb construction was preserved. After all, the stones are too heavy, and it is difficult to take away when robbing the tomb. Moreover, as a building of the tomb, demolishing these stones means that the tomb chamber will collapse, and tomb robbers do not need to take this risk. In addition, in ancient times, the economic value of Han portrait stones was not high, which is also an important reason why many tombs were stolen but portrait stones were basically preserved.
The tomb structure consists of two parts: the ancestral hall and the tomb chamber. The tomb chamber is divided into three rooms, the front, middle and rear. The middle room is attached with left and right ear chambers. The back room is rectangular and separated by stone slabs in the middle, which is the place where couples can divide their burial utensils. The middle and back tomb chambers are covered with bluestone to form a top. There are 24 portrait stones in it, involving life scenes such as cycling, kitchen and banquets, chess and dances, music and hundreds of operas, as well as mysterious myths such as the East Prince, the West Queen Mother, Fuxi, Nuwa, Vermillion Bird, and Taotie. The content is rich and colorful, making the viewer dazzled.
Source/Yibinke
@Maocun Han Tomb
Maocun Han Tomb level and sectional view
Maocun Han Portrait Stone Tomb is located in the western foot of Fenghuang Mountain, Huali Maocun Township, 25, Xuzhou City. The complete tomb and exquisite carving have important artistic and archaeological value. The Han portrait stone in the tomb is the most exciting part of the tomb. The front room and middle room in this tomb are full of portraits, with a total of 18 stones. The content of the portrait mostly expresses the realm of gods and fairies and the luxurious life scenes of the tomb owner during his lifetime. The engraving techniques used are all bas-reliefs.
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Collection location: Shandong Linyi
Return location: Xuzhou
Xuzhou, Jiangsu Activity time: 2022.1 0.1-10.4
Recruitment number: 10 people form a group
Scholarship fee: 5980 yuan/person, single room difference of 760 yuan/person
[Fee includes]
. [Transportation] The entire air-conditioned bus is equipped with a microphone, and professional lecturers along the way explain it; 2. [Accommodation] Star hotel double standard room, if you need a single room, please make up for the single room difference;
. [Tickets] The entire scenic spot tickets are half priced by students and the elderly, and free for soldiers under 1.2 meters; . [Cache] 7 regular meals and 4 breakfasts throughout the journey, and the mineral water is sufficient for the whole journey; . [Insurance] Domestic travel personal accident insurance; . Service: expert leader; . Others: wireless interpreter; . Because the event requires advance expenses to be paid, the event is cancelled 8 days ago, and a bank handling fee of 1% will be charged when the refund is refunded; cancelled within one week, and the refund will be half; cancelled on the day of the event, and a refund will be 20%; . There is no shopping process on the way, and there is no other charges; 0. Return arrangement: On October 4, the Xuzhou group time will be around 18:00. It is recommended to buy a return ticket after that period of time; it is recommended to purchase a return ticket after 19:00 for air tickets. [Excluding activity]
. Large round trip transportation costs in various places; . Meal fees not specified in the itinerary; . Other personal consumption. 👇👇👇 Click the mini program link below to enter the registration page
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