Automobile operating conditions are an important common foundation in the automotive industry, and are also the basis of vehicle, energy consumption, testing methods and limiting methods. Previously, my country adopted NEDC (European 3/4 emission standard type 1 test) operating c

Automobile operating conditions are an important common foundation in the automotive industry, and are also the basis of vehicle, energy consumption, testing methods and limiting methods. Previously, my country adopted NEDC (European 3/4 emission standard type 1 test) operating conditions, and consumers often complained about the difference between the nominal energy consumption and mileage and the actual situation. Nowadays, our country has its own "Chinese working conditions", which can truly reflect actual fuel consumption, energy consumption, etc. So, how is the promotion and application of "China's working conditions" progressing?

-WLTC imports

In daily life, people often hear drivers complain that the actual fuel consumption of a car is very different from the nominal value, and the nominal mileage of an electric vehicle is very different from the actual situation. There is no problem with the nominal of automobile companies. The root cause is the test operating conditions. In the past, my country used NEDC operating conditions, which took the value at the average speed. In real life, no driver would drive according to the nominal status for a long time, which would inevitably lead to a big difference between the actual and nominal ones. What problems have existed in the previous test conditions of

? Zheng Tianlei, director of the Fourth Office of the Automobile Standardization Research Institute of China Automobile Center, discussed the main issues from several aspects. The test operating conditions are not transient, the mileage allocation in urban areas and suburban areas is unreasonable, and the energy-saving and emission performance of the vehicle cannot be comprehensively evaluated, the test loading quality and segmented loading methods are unreasonable, some energy-saving technical effects cannot be reflected or are not comprehensive, and the fixed gradient coefficient setting is unreasonable.

energy-saving standard is closest to my country's relevant policies. For example, the points in double points are established based on energy-saving standards. The determination that my country has reached 5L/100 kilometers in 2020 and 4L/100 kilometers in 2025 are all derived from the energy-saving standards.

In October 2019, the State Administration for Market Regulation (National Standardization Management Committee) approved the issuance of "China Automobile Driving Conditions Part 1: Light Vehicles" (GB/T36146.1-2019) and "China Automobile Driving Conditions Part 2: Heavy Commercial Vehicles" (GB/T36146.2-2019). This standard establishes China's independent vehicle driving conditions system and fills the domestic gap.

Zheng Tianlei said: "If my country has established a 'Chinese working condition', it should be adopted. When the China working condition research in 2017 is coming to an end, the National VI standard was issued and WLTC working condition was adopted. There were some debates at that time. After multiple rounds of negotiation and coordination, it was finally determined that the use of Chinese working condition is the direction, and we must adhere to it." The current solution determined by

is that before 2025, gasoline and diesel vehicles, hybrid vehicles, and alternative fuel vehicles in light vehicles will adopt the Global Unified Light Vehicle Test Cycle Test Standard (WLTC) working conditions, heavy commercial vehicles, pure electric vehicles, and fuel cell vehicles will adopt the Chinese working conditions. After 2025, all models will adopt the Chinese working conditions.

At this stage, WLTC is used as a benchmark standard for automotive product testing, but China's working conditions are not idle and can be used as a reference standard. After 2025, we will also promote the use of Chinese operating conditions for fuel consumption and emissions.

Among the indicator standards, the most noteworthy thing is that the GB27999 passenger vehicle fuel consumption evaluation method and indicator (stage 5) have completed the switching to China's working conditions. In the future, the switching between WLTC and China's working conditions means that some aspects need to be revised. In the identification standard, the revision of the identification mainly takes into account both the Chinese working conditions and WLTC working conditions from the aspects of identification style and parameters. "The specific import work and import time will be determined by the competent department through relevant documents," said Zheng Tianlei. Research has begun on the import of

WLTC into China's working conditions. The introduction of WLTC into China's working conditions will bring some trouble to enterprises. In order to reduce the pressure on enterprises, a transition period will be set up to downplay the impact of changes in transition period identification.

-Some companies took the lead in

The application of China's working conditions is inseparable from the support of enterprises. China FAW and Dongfeng Group are already at the forefront. They introduced their own testing experiences at the meeting. Fang Yanhua, senior engineer of Dongfeng Motor Technology Center, introduced the application of "Chinese working conditions" in RDE testing.Dongfeng Motor’s topic is “establishing actual road conditions based on Chinese working conditions.” Dongfeng Motor analyzed the low-speed, medium-speed and high-speed segments, selected the corresponding segments of RPA quantiles from different speeds from the Chinese working conditions for research, and also analyzed the corresponding segments of high-altitude working conditions and the actual road test corresponding segments of DFTC prototypes, and combined the above working conditions to obtain basic working conditions, intense working conditions, etc. The results of

study show that the driving performance of RDE is more stringent in terms of driving. Judging from the emission results, RTS95C-RDEWLTC, but C-RDE meets the national standard CF limit requirements, while RTS95 goes beyond the limit requirements. Judging from the use of engines in various operating conditions, the C-RDE operating conditions coverage rate is higher than that of RTS95, and is closer to the use of WLTC and RDE operating conditions.

Shi Limin, senior engineer at FAW, gave a speech on “Customized Data Collection and Analysis of User Travel/Driving Characteristics”. The data analysis results collected by FAW also confirm the rationality of the working conditions method in China.

-Next Plan

The overall framework for China's working conditions has been established. As time goes by, this system also needs to be improved. The Ministry of Industry and Information Technology and other ministries and commissions continue to support China's working conditions to be continuously updated. From April 2019 to April 2020, the China Working Conditions Working Group continued to carry out a one-year data collection work in Tianjin, Beijing, Nanjing, Hefei, Wuhan, Nanchang, Fuzhou, and Xiamen , with a total of 100 vehicles. Before the meeting, the number of days of vehicles launched online reached 13,000 days and the mileage reached 1.8 million kilometers. The

working group has conducted data collection of pure electric vehicle traffic in Shenzhen, Wuxi, Xi'an and Chengdu for 3 months from April to June this year, with a total of 35 vehicles and 17,000 kilometers. From July to August, we cooperated with other units to collect actual driving data of 56 new energy urban logistics vehicles for two months, totaling 42,000 kilometers. Li Jingyuan, director of the Transportation and Energy Environment Department of the Ministry of Emissions and Energy Saving of the

Day Inspection Center, said: "The latest data collected continues to update the Chinese working condition system, which will further improve the Chinese working condition standards, so that the Chinese working condition test results will be closer to the real situation." The durability of

is a very concern for consumers, and the Chinese working condition will also be developed for durability conditions. Dr. Yu Han Zhengnan of the Transportation and Energy Environment Department of the Emission and Energy Saving Department of the Tian Inspection Center said: "Companies generally promise warranty duration and mileage, and even lifetime warranty. These commitments must be based on the accurate assessment of the durability of their own products. This is a new topic based on the Chinese working condition testing."

At present, the durability conditions developed by enterprises generally adopt foreign consulting companies' solutions. Most of the basic data comes from Europe and is not in line with China's actual conditions. The durability design may have been designed or underdesigned. This situation is difficult to evaluate. For the whole vehicle, it is also difficult to evaluate the durability assessment of parts suppliers. As a core component,

powertrain will become one of the key points of China's working conditions development, which is related to the advantages and disadvantages of the durability of the vehicle. Dr. Tian Cheng, Tianjin Huacheng Certification Center, said: "The core of durable working condition development is to correlate the vehicle operating status of the user's use process with the operating status on the test site or bench, so as to shorten the development verification cycle and reduce costs."

At present, Chinese working condition is not a mandatory standard for light vehicles, but voluntary certification can be used. Tian Cheng said: "China's working conditions are not only meaningful to corporate product development, but also become an important means of corporate marketing, telling consumers the actual situation and establishing an honest corporate image."

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