This kind of question is a common problem on the Internet. The person who asks this question is actually intuitively understanding what the ratio of atomic nucleus to atom is. Let's discuss it.
The size of atoms and nuclei is much different. It is a bit like our solar system. The sun only occupies a small amount of space in the middle, but has a huge gravitational field with a radius of one light year ( Ort cloud is the margin), while the sun accounts for 99.86% of the mass of the entire solar system. Therefore, people often compare atoms to the solar system, believing that the world is the same from the microscopic to the macroscopic.
In fact, the operation of the microscopic world is different from the macroscopic operation rules of celestial bodies, and the applicable forces are also different.
Macroscopic celestial bodies are suitable for universal gravity. In the solar system, all celestial bodies revolve around the sun under the action of the sun's gravity; modern quantum mechanics believes that electrons do not rotate around the nucleus at high speed as described in classical physics, but in the form of electron cloud , probability appears in the electrostatic potential well surrounding the nucleus, with wave-particle duality, and wave-particle duality. Protons and electrons are attracted to each other mainly for electromagnetic interaction forces.
However, the difference in the proportion of space occupied by the nucleus and the atom itself is also very large. The size of the atom is about 10^-10 meters, and the diameter of the nucleus is 10^-15~10^14 meters, which is 100,000 to 100,000 times. However, the ratio of the diameter of the solar system to the diameter of the sun is more than 13 million times.
Therefore, in terms of size ratio, the ratio of atoms to atomic nuclei is still two to three orders of magnitude worse than that of the solar system. In this way, the nucleus is equivalent to one trillion to one trillion of the atomic volume, while the volume of the sun is far from falling. But atomic nuclei account for more than 99.9% of the entire atomic mass . From this point of view, atoms have a somewhat like the solar system.
There have been many discussions on the ratio of atoms to nuclei. What are the size of soybeans and peanuts in various sizes are nothing more than a simple math problem. Now this compares atoms to the earth. How big is the nucleus? This ratio is calculated and it will be out.
The nucleus diameter is about 10,000 to 100,000 of the atom, so let's take an intermediate value of 10,000,000. Our earth has a diameter of 12,756 kilometers. If this atom is as big as the earth, then the atomic nucleus is equivalent to a ball with a diameter of about 255 meters, which is a ball the size of a stadium. Depending on the size of the atom or nucleus, the diameter of this sphere may be between 128 meters and 1276 meters.
Let me say this, is your understanding of the ratio of atoms to atom nucleus more intuitive or more confused? Do you think it’s interesting?
