Jiangxi, referred to as Gan, is one of the 23 provinces in China and its capital is Nanchang. Jiangxi is located in southeastern China, on the south bank of the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River, and belongs to the East China region. It is bounded between 113°34′36″-1

Jiangxi, referred to as Gan, is one of the 23 provinces in China, with the provincial capital Nanchang. Jiangxi is located in southeastern China, on the south bank of the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River, and belongs to the East China region. It is bounded between 113°34′36″-118°28′58″ east longitude, 24°29′14″-30°04′41″ north latitude, and east It is adjacent to Zhejiang and Fujian; to the south is Guangdong; to the west is Hunan; to the north is Hubei and Anhui and is connected to the Yangtze River.

2007-2012 Regional Gross Product and its Growth Rate

Preliminary calculations show that Jiangxi Province achieved a gross regional product (GDP) of 2.08185 billion yuan in 2017, an increase of 8.9% over the previous year. Among them, the added value of the primary industry was 195.39 billion yuan, an increase of 4.4%; the added value of the secondary industry was 997.21 billion yuan, an increase of 8.3%; the added value of the tertiary industry was 889.26 billion yuan, an increase of 10.7%. The three industrial structures were adjusted from 10.3:47.7:42.0 last year to 9.4:47.9:42.7. The contribution rates of the three industries to GDP growth were 5.0%, 47.0%, and 48.0% respectively. The per capita GDP was 45,187 yuan, equivalent to 6,690 U.S. dollars at the U.S. dollar exchange rate, an increase of 8.2% over the previous year.

The total fiscal revenue in 2017 was 344.74 billion yuan, an increase of 9.7% over the previous year. Among them, general public budget revenue was 224.69 billion yuan, an increase of 4.4%; tax revenue was 271.54 billion yuan, an increase of 10.3%, accounting for 78.8% of the total fiscal revenue.

On January 24, 2020, in the 2019 provincial GDP rankings, Jiangxi ranked 16th with 2.48 trillion yuan, and its GDP growth rate was 8.00%, ranking 4th, surpassing the national results. [1]

According to the Jiangxi Provincial Bureau of Statistics website on April 21, 2020, according to the unified accounting results of regional GDP, the province’s GDP in the first quarter of 2020 was 534.34 billion yuan, a year-on-year decrease of 3.8%. Among them, the added value of the primary industry was 34.45 billion yuan, a year-on-year decrease of 0.5%; the added value of the secondary industry was 219.93 billion yuan, a year-on-year decrease of 6.7%; the added value of the tertiary industry was 279.97 billion yuan, a year-on-year decrease of 1.2%. The three industrial structures were adjusted from 5.3:43.0:51.7 in the same period last year to 6.4:41.2:52.4. [2]

Agriculture

• Historical Development

2007-2012 Consumer Price Increase and Decline

In the Western Han Dynasty, Poyang Lake plain and Ganjiang , Fuhe agricultural reclamation gradually emerged in the valleys along the coast, and Nanchang and Jiujiang began Become the political, economic and transportation center of Jiangxi. At the end of the Western Jin Dynasty, the population from the north moved into the areas around Poyang Lake, gradually increasing, bringing with them advanced farming techniques from the north. By the time of the Southern Dynasties, a large amount of grain had been shipped eastward from Jiangxi. After the Anshi Rebellion, agriculture flourished in the province not only in the northern plains and along the north-south passage, but also in the northeast, northwest and central hilly areas, with great development of grain, tea, hemp and other crops. In the Southern Song Dynasty and the early Yuan Dynasty, many water conservancy projects were built in the province, and agricultural production conditions improved. In areas with more developed agriculture, crop production began to specialize. Wheat cultivation was common in the northern region, and tea production areas increased day by day. Wuyuan Tea was praised as the best; red oranges, tangerines, and kumquats were shipped to the capital; during the Ming and Qing dynasties, there were many settlements in the province, and water conservancy projects developed even more. In the early Ming Dynasty, the reclamation area reached more than 430,000 hectares; in the late Qing Dynasty, due to imperialist plunder, Jiangxi's already developed production of tea, grain, tobacco, ramie, indigo, etc. were squeezed out and reduced. Before the founding of the People's Republic of China in 1949, Jiangxi's grain output dropped by 60% compared with the highest annual output before the Anti-Japanese War, the forest area shrank by 30%, and 70% of the Camellia oleifera forest area and 85% of the tea garden area were barren.

In 2017, the grain planting area was 36.674 thousand hectares, with a total grain output of 21.271 million tons; oil crop production of 1.249 million tons; cotton production of 78,000 tons; tobacco leaf production of 56,000 tons; tea production of 61,000 tons; garden fruit production of 4.552 million tons; vegetable production 14.901 million tons; total meat production is 3.326 million tons, including 2.495 million tons of pork, 121,000 tons of beef, and 14,000 tons of mutton; 510,000 tons of eggs; 128,000 tons of milk; and 2.814 million tons of aquatic products. ; At the end of the year, there were 16.073 million pigs on hand, and 31.805 million pigs were sold.

• Industry status

Jiangxi Agriculture

Jiangxi is one of the important grain-producing areas in the south of the Yangtze River in China, mainly rice. The sown area of ​​grain crops accounts for 60-70% of the total sown area of ​​crops. Among them, the annual sown area of ​​rice accounts for about 85-90% of the sown area of ​​grain crops, and the total rice output accounts for about 95% of the total grain output. After 1957, the double-cropping rice area continued to expand.Wheat is mainly distributed in northern Jiangxi, while sweet potatoes are mostly produced in central and southern Jiangxi. Soybeans are mainly produced on the east and south banks of Poyang Lake and the Jitai Basin. Since the 1980s, Jiangxi has grown in Poyang. A number of commercial grain base counties have been built in Hupan and Jitai Basin.

Oil crops including rapeseed, peanuts and sesame account for about 70% of the sown area of ​​economic crops in Jiangxi, of which rapeseed accounts for more than 40%. Camellia oleifera is the main woody oil crop in the province, with an area of ​​about 1 million hectares, slightly less than Hunan, and ranking second in the country. Cotton is mainly produced in the cotton areas of northern Jiangxi, central Jiangxi and northeastern Jiangxi. Jiangxi is one of the sugarcane-producing areas in southern China. Ramie is a traditional economic crop with national significance and local characteristics in Jiangxi. Yellow and kenaf are mainly produced in Yujiang and Jinxi. Flue-cured tobacco is mainly distributed in southern Jiangxi. Tea gardens are most concentrated in the Xiushui watershed area in northeastern and northwest Jiangxi. Citrus cultivation is concentrated in the three large areas of Xingan, Qingjiang, Fuhe and southern Gansu.

Jiangxi Agriculture

Jiangxi is one of the important timber and moso bamboo producing areas in southeast China. The province's living stock volume reaches 254 million cubic meters, and the bamboo stock volume is 880 million. The forest is dominated by broad-leaved trees such as camphor, nan, cypress, castanopsis, and oaks, while coniferous trees include fir, masson pine, etc. Various economic trees such as camellia oleifera, tung tree, and tallow tree are also widely distributed in the mountains and hills. The forests are mainly concentrated in 11 forest areas including Sannan, Anxun, Shangyoujiang, Suichuan, and Mufu Mountains.

Animal husbandry is based on raising pigs and waterfowl. The Ganjiang River, Fuhe River basin and Poyang Lake area are the areas where the pig industry is relatively developed in the province. There are Leping pigs, Yushan black pigs, Ganzhou white pigs, Xingguo tea garden pigs and Binhu black pigs and other excellent pig breeds and hybrid pigs in the province. The cattle-raising industry is dominated by cattle, which are mostly distributed in hilly and mountainous areas, while buffaloes are mainly used in lakeside and river valley plain areas. In addition, there are goats and local rabbits. Waterfowl mainly include Dayu for meat, Yichun shelduck and Yushan white goose. Taihe Wushan's "Wushan Chicken" has high medicinal value.

Jiangxi is one of the key freshwater fishery provinces in China. The total water surface including Poyang Lake reaches 1.667 million hectares, of which 267,000 hectares are available for farming. The fish fry produced in the waters along the Yangtze River in the province are not only used for breeding throughout the province, but are also sold to many provinces and regions in China. Rare fish include anchovy, purse carp from Wuyuan, red carp from Xingguo, etc.

Industrial

Since the Han Dynasty, Jiangxi has been an important shipbuilding base in the mainland. Longquan (today's Suichuan) Guo's father and daughter created the Longquan code and made a significant contribution to the traditional timber trade. After the "Anshi Rebellion", Jiangxi's textile, ceramics, silver, copper, iron, lead and other mining and smelting industries all developed. Changnan (Jingdezhen) porcelain has become famous all over the world. During the Southern Song Dynasty and the early Yuan Dynasty, Jingdezhen became a nationally famous porcelain capital and gradually became one of the centers of China's porcelain manufacturing industry. In the early Ming Dynasty, the handicraft industry was famous for its iron smelting, copper smelting and coin minting; handmade paper was spread all over the country; and the porcelain making industry became increasingly developed. By the early Ming Dynasty, there were nearly 3,000 official and private kilns, with an annual output of hundreds of thousands of pieces of porcelain.

2007-2012 Industrial added value and its growth rate

In the late Qing Dynasty, due to imperialist plunder, textile, papermaking, porcelain and other handicraft industries with a certain foundation were severely hit. Modern industry is backward, with only the mining of coal mines and tungsten mines being of some scale. In 1898, Pingxiang coal mines were heavily exploited. In order to facilitate the transportation of coal, the Ping (township)-Zhuzhou (zhou) railway was built in 1905, and the Nanxun railway was built in 1908. The rich tungsten ore resources in the province have also been plundered by imperialism. From 1917 to 1918, large-scale mining of tungsten mines in Dayu and Xihuashan areas in southern Jiangxi began, and then expanded to Longnan , Quannan, Chongyi There are more than 30 mines in and other counties, and the resources are seriously damaged. After the closure of Hanyang Iron Works in 1923, the output of Pingxiang Coal Mine dropped significantly. Before the founding of the People's Republic of China in 1949, Jiangxi's industry was completely destroyed.

htmlIn the 1950s, an industrial system with relatively complete categories and a reasonable layout was gradually formed, and industrial systems in various categories such as automobiles, machinery, electronics, chemicals, metallurgy, building materials, food, textiles, and medicine were established, including non-ferrous metal smelting, machinery manufacturing, and manufacturing. Porcelain and other products rank among the top in the country. By 2017, Jiangxi achieved an industrial added value of 811.92 billion yuan, and industrial enterprises above designated size achieved a main business income of 3.55851 billion yuan. The main business income of 34 major industry categories increased year-on-year, and 359 types of key monitored products 223 types of major industrial products have achieved varying degrees of growth, forming five key industries: electronics, automobiles, electrical machinery, medicine, and agricultural and sideline food.

In 2017, the added value of all industries was 811.92 billion yuan, an increase of 8.8% over the previous year, and the added value of industries above designated size increased by 9.1%, an increase of 0.1 percentage points over the previous year. Among the added value of industries above designated size, divided into light and heavy industries, light industry increased by 10.2% and heavy industry increased by 8.5%.

According to news on December 23, 2020, the industrial added value of Jiangxi Province in 2019 was 896.581 billion yuan. [3]

• Industrial System

Jiangxi Industry

Jiangxi's nonferrous metal mining and smelting industry is relatively developed, and has gradually formed an important national nonferrous metals production base with "South Tungsten and North Copper" as the main body. A tungsten smelting plant has been built in Ganzhou . Shangrao, Linchuan , Jiujiang, Yingtan and other places are being built into northern Gansu copper industry bases. Guixi Smelter is the largest modern copper smelting enterprise in China. Jiangxi's steel industry emerged in the early 1950s, mainly using iron ore and coal in the province as raw materials. Xinyu's ferromanganese output accounts for about half of the country's total. Longnan County is an important rare earth production area in southern China.

Pingxiang Coal Mine is an old mining area with a long mining history and the largest output. Fengcheng Coal Mine is the second largest coal mine in the province. It is a modern coal mine newly built after the 1950s.

Nanchang is one of China's aircraft manufacturing bases; automobile manufacturing industries have been built in Nanchang, Linchuan, Shangrao and other places; Ruichang and Jiujiang have emerged as important shipbuilding industry bases. In addition, there are tractors, diesel engines, motors, machine tools, mining machinery manufacturing, precision optical instruments and instrument manufacturing. The electronics industry is an emerging industry in the province. In the early 1980s, it had spread throughout the province, especially in Nanchang, Jingdezhen, Ji'an and other places.

The porcelain industry has a long history, and Jingdezhen, the famous porcelain capital, has always been a famous porcelain production center in China. Since 1949, porcelain production has been gradually mechanized, with products divided into three categories: color-glazed porcelain, painted porcelain, and mosaic porcelain. The manufacturing of Venus Green, Uniform Red, and Ji Red products has also been resumed.

Nanchang

Light industry is mainly textile, paper making, sugar making, etc. The textile industry is dominated by the cotton textile industry, which is mainly distributed in Jiujiang, Nanchang, and Fuzhou 3 cities; the linen textile and silk industries are focused on Nanchang; the chemical fiber textile industry is dominated by Nanchang and Leping. The papermaking industry is based on Nanchang, Ganzhou and Ji'an. The sugar industry is concentrated in Nankang and Ganxi in the sugarcane-producing areas of southern Jiangxi.

Chemical industry is an emerging industrial sector in Jiangxi. Jiujiang has become an emerging petrochemical base in the province; Nanchang and Xinyu mainly produce fertilizers; in addition, there are alkali production in Jiujiang and Xingan; rubber in Nanchang, Yingtan, and De'an; Nanchang, , Yudu, Plastics from Ruijin and other places.

The wood processing industry is mainly located in Ganzhou, Ji'an, Zhangshu and Nanchang.

Business

•Trade

After the "Anshi Rebellion", commerce in Jiangxi gradually developed. In order to develop foreign trade in the Tang Dynasty, a post road was once again opened through the Dayuling Mountains and to Guangzhou in the south. Envoys from various countries also used the Yangtze River water transport to reach Chang'an along this route. Nanchang and Jiujiang became prosperous cities where business and travel gathered. During the Ming and Qing Dynasties, in addition to Nanchang and Jiujiang, Qingjiang, Ji'an, Linchuan, Ganzhou, etc. also became larger cities since the Ming Dynasty. Jiujiang's business is particularly prosperous, and it is listed as one of the three major tea markets and the four major rice markets in China. Jingdezhen, Zhangshu Town , Hekou Town, Wucheng Town are known as the four major towns in Jiangxi. The Song Dynasty was an economically prosperous dynasty in ancient my country, and Ganzhou was one of the 36 famous cities in the country at that time. After the Second Opium War, Jiujiang was established as a commercial port in 1858 and officially opened for trade in 1861. Especially after the rise of Yangtze River shipping, Jiujiang became the largest material distribution center in Jiangxi.

In 2017, Jiangxi’s total retail sales of consumer goods was 744.81 billion yuan, of which urban market retail sales were 616.73 billion yuan, and rural market retail sales were 128.08 billion yuan. Daily consumer goods generally achieved double-digit growth; the total import and export value of goods was 302.00 billion yuan, of which The export value was 222.26 billion yuan and the import value was 79.75 billion yuan. Three leading "going global" companies including Jiangxi International Economic and Technical Cooperation Company, Jiangxi China Coal Construction Group Co., Ltd. , and Zhongding International Engineering Co., Ltd. continued to be shortlisted for ENR Global Top 250 largest international engineering contractors.

• Finance

Jiangxi Atlas

At the end of 2017, the balance of RMB deposits in financial institutions within the jurisdiction of Jiangxi Province was 3.23249 billion yuan, of which the balance of household deposits was 1.55034 billion yuan and the balance of non-financial corporate deposits was 983.32 billion yuan. At the end of the year, the balance of RMB loans from financial institutions was 2,571.26 billion yuan, of which the balance of loans to households was 1,024.16 billion yuan, and the balance of loans to non-financial institutions and government agencies was 1,545.68 billion yuan. There are 39 domestic listed companies within the jurisdiction of

, including 23 main board companies, 9 small and medium-sized board companies, and 7 GEM companies. There are 2 securities companies, 34 branches, and 320 securities business departments in the jurisdiction, with a securities transaction volume of 5.14 trillion yuan; there is 1 futures company, 35 futures business departments, and a futures agency transaction volume of 1.83 trillion yuan.

The premium income of insurance companies was 72.76 billion yuan, of which the premium income of property insurance companies was 23.53 billion yuan and the premium income of life insurance companies was 49.22 billion yuan. We paid 21.68 billion yuan in various types of compensation and benefits, including 12.01 billion yuan in compensation from property and casualty insurance companies, 1.88 billion yuan in compensation from life insurance companies, and 7.79 billion yuan in benefits from life insurance companies.

References

. Annual economic reports from various regions: Guangdong exceeds 10 trillion for the first time and Jiangsu is approaching, Yunnan and Guizhou lead the growth rate [Citation date 2020-01-27]

. continuous updates丨The first quarter GDP of 25 provinces has been released [Citation date 2020-04-26]

. China's top ten industrial provinces: Guangdong first, Fujian Chaodong and the sum of the three provinces [Citation date not available]

This article was written by Toutiao Encyclopedia user Duoxi Lechang Anning , UTOO, Two Bunches of Grapes Without Seeds, aditi Juna, and Little Flying Heroine participated in the editing.