I am Teacher Li, a college teacher with 23 years of experience, and an expert member of the College Entrance Examination Policy Propaganda Group of the Shandong Provincial Department of Education. I have long been concerned about the college entrance examination and youth education development. The different viewpoints stem from Teacher Li’s deep understanding and grasp of the college entrance examination policies and education and teaching laws!
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Regarding subject selection, I have published many articles with data and formulas since September 2019. They have been discussed in detail. You can check it out.
Physics has become an unavoidable topic in the new college entrance examination reform!
I wrote this article today because I read an article written by an expert on a well-known public account in Shandong Province a few days ago. It was mentioned that the 2020 new college entrance examination physics candidates suffered a loss because of the small number of candidates. Fewer people are given high marks; at the same time, it is mentioned that the physics questions are difficult, so the full marks for physics are less. If the questions are easy, the full marks will be more.
I don’t agree with either of these views.
First of all, the fundamental purpose of the grade-assignment system of the new college entrance examination is to eliminate the difficulty differences between different subjects and not let students in difficult subjects suffer.
On March 28, 2018, at a symposium on the interpretation of " Shandong Province's Pilot Plan for Deepening the Comprehensive Reform of College Entrance Examination and Enrollment" attended by leaders of the provincial education department, the main leaders proposed the difference between "university subject selection" and "student selection". The relationship between the three returns and the three connections.
The so-called "high school subject selection" means that colleges and universities determine the grade examination subjects that high school students must study to apply for this major based on the needs of cultivating talents in different majors. The so-called "student selection" means that high school students comprehensively analyze which three subjects they want to choose as subjects for their academic level examination based on the requirements of "university subject selection" and their own interests, ambitions and learning advantages.
Three returns: return autonomy in enrollment to colleges and universities; return autonomy in running schools to high schools; return autonomy in learning to students.
three connections: the first is the connection of learning interests ; the second is the two-way connection of professional learning foundation, the connection between "college subject selection" and "high school course selection" promotes high school students' necessary professional learning The learning of basic related courses ; the third is the two-way connection of comprehensive quality , which incorporates the landmark achievements that reflect students' comprehensive quality into the basis or reference for college admissions, and examines the correlation between the comprehensive quality of high school students and professional learning in colleges and universities.
Therefore, free choice of subjects is the main content and core content of the college entrance examination reform. Any adjustment to the program and the narrowing of students' choices are contrary to the goals of the reform.
is matched with subject selection to solve the differences in raw scores caused by the different difficulty levels of different examination subjects. One is the difference in average scores, and the other is the problem of clustering of high and low grades. If these problems are not fundamentally solved, subject selection will become an exercise on paper and ultimately empty talk.
The free choice of subjects in the new college entrance examination breaks up the two independent competitive groups of candidates who choose different subjects, creating a competitive relationship in a large competitive group. For example, candidates who choose physics, chemistry, and biology, and candidates who choose politics, history, and geography, can apply for language majors without subject restrictions. When the two apply for the same language major at the same institution, they inevitably need to compare.
Therefore, in terms of scoring for different elective subjects, a mechanism must be adopted so that the scores of candidates with different elective subjects and the same ranking have an equivalence relationship, so that the scores of two candidates with different elective subjects in the same competitive group can be measured. Difference in ranking.
No matter how clever the question makers are, they cannot avoid the differences in difficulty, reliability, discrimination, etc. of different test papers caused by factors such as different subjects and different question makers. The differences in difficulty are largely due to the subjects themselves. Forming.
If you do not perform technical processing and use raw scores, Tian Ji horse racing speculation will occur .
Under this demand, the grade assignment system came into being.The detailed calculation method of the
grade point system has been explained in detail in multiple articles in this headline in November 2019 and will not be repeated again. The
grade-assignment system solves the difference in average scores of original scores caused by differences in test questions of different difficulty in different subjects, and also solves the problem of clustering in different score ranges. According to a unified grade gradient, scores are re-assigned according to the order of the candidates' original scores. , making it meet the score distribution model of the same curve, realizing the normal distribution of the test score distribution of different subjects normalized , eliminating the differences in average scores and high and low score distribution patterns caused by different difficulties. The core idea of
graded scoring system: candidates' graded points have nothing to do with the difficulty of the test questions or the original score distribution. subjects with different difficulties and different numbers of people will be normalized into one after passing the graded graded points system. Unified normal distribution curve (as shown below).
The graded examination subjects of the Shandong New College Entrance Examination all form the same normal distribution curve after passing the points system.
Secondly, if there are fewer students selected, the proportion of high scores will remain unchanged, but there will be fewer students actually awarded high scores. So the candidates who choose physics will suffer? This is a false proposition.
The score distribution of selected subjects is distributed in 8 score ranges according to a certain proportion. Therefore, if the number of subjects selected is small, the number of people distributed in each range will naturally be small. It is an indisputable fact that the number of candidates in the class of 2020 who choose physics is relatively small. Therefore, there are fewer students who actually get high scores, so there are fewer high-scoring candidates who choose physics. Does this mean that the candidates who choose physics are at a disadvantage? ?
This is a false proposition!
There are two reasons:
First, there are fewer people choosing subjects, and there are fewer people getting high marks, but don’t forget, there are also fewer people getting low marks! Therefore, students who choose this subject may be assigned high or low scores in one direction. From what angle do you understand it? This obviously cannot be understood in the direction you want, there are two possibilities!
2. For example, there were originally 200,000 candidates who planned to choose physics. Xiao Ming was ranked 60,000, with a ranking of and 30%. If an additional 100,000 candidates were added and 300,000 candidates chose physics, among these 300,000, Xiao Ming’s What will be the ranking percentage? We simply think that as the denominator becomes larger, the fraction value becomes smaller, so Xiao Ming's ranking percentage will be higher, the points awarded will increase, and he will benefit! On the contrary, if there are fewer people choosing, the denominator will become smaller, the fractional value will become larger, the ranking percentage will become larger, the points awarded will decrease, and you will suffer a loss! However, everyone has overlooked a question, that is, will Xiao Ming's ranking remain unchanged? When we make the fractional value larger or smaller, we only consider the change of the denominator, not the change of the numerator. Many students ideally believe that the rankings will not change, or that the changes will be out of sync with the denominator. When the number of people elected to elective subjects increases, Xiao Ming's hopes increase behind him. Isn't this actually asking others to be the denominator for Xiao Ming? Xiao Ming thinks this way, don’t others think so? Therefore, Xiao Ming is a candidate in any position. Therefore, there is no possibility that the ranking will remain unchanged or the ranking percentage will become smaller. On the contrary, the possibility of the ranking percentage becoming larger also does not exist!
In other words, the number of people who choose the subject has no impact on the candidate's original ranking percentage! This is a reality that everyone must accept! The misunderstanding of this issue is the most important reason for the small number of candidates for the 2017 physics exam!
The number of students choosing a subject does not affect the points awarded!
Third, if the questions were simpler, the full marks would be more. This conclusion is incorrect.
understands the above two points of view, and this problem is easily solved.
The number of people who choose a subject is fixed, and the number of people in each score band becomes a fixed value.
has a simple question, but there may not necessarily be many people tying for the highest score, and the group may not necessarily have the full score or the highest score. On the contrary, if the question is difficult, there may not necessarily be fewer people tying for the full score or tying for the highest score!
The difficulty or ease of a question has nothing to do with the number of people who get full marks! Should I choose
physics?
Teacher Li once analyzed that in the first year of the new college entrance examination admission in 2020, physics candidates took advantage of it ("
Should I choose physics or not?
Physics, don't differentiate, treat physics like other subjects! The basics of choosing a subject Principle: The principle of maximizing points, the principle of professional needs, and the principle of interest!
Add up the rankings of each subject in all previous examinations, and arrange them according to the value of the sum from small to large. If physics is ranked in the top three, choose decisively. If you are ranked fourth, and you like physics or want to study science and engineering, choose it decisively!
If physics is ranked fifth or even sixth, and there is a big gap with the top four, don't choose it, because choosing it will drag you down! Your points!
Discussion
Dear parents, candidates and teachers, what do you think about the selection of subjects in Shandong ? How to choose physics? #山东新高考##新College Entrance Examination Subject Selection# #Physics#
