There is such a gentleman, he is Qian Xuesen’s father-in-law, Liang Qichao’s student, Xu Zhimo’s best friend, Cai E’s classmate, Jin Yong’s cousin!
If he hadn’t died prematurely in 1938, I wouldn’t have realized how special this person was by browsing his Moments!
If he could live longer, the words he once said, "Whether you fight or lose, just don't make peace with him," would be enough to make him an idol known to future generations.
He is Jiang Baili , a modern Chinese military scientist and strategist.
And his literati temperament and military knowledge created his ups and downs in his legendary life.
Jiang Baili (October 1882 ~ 1938),
was born as Fu, his original name was Fang Zhen, and his courtesy name was Baili. He was named Danning in his later years, and his pen names were Feisheng and Yu Yi. The name comes from "Shocking Baili" in "Zhen Gua" of "Book of Changes". He was born in October 1882 in a wealthy family in Xiashi Town, Haining County, Zhejiang Province. Xiashi Town, Zhejiang Province (now Xiashi Town, Haining City, Jiaxing City, former residence No. 79, Wujialangxia).
Grandfather Jiang Guangxu (named Mugong) was a famous bibliophile and engraver. He built a library called "Biexiazhai" and stored 100,000 books. He also engraved books such as "Biexiazhai Series" and "Shewen Zijiu". This kind of books has been spread all over the world.
's father, Jiang Xueyang (Huyin), was born without his left arm and his movements were relatively slow. He was discriminated against by his family since he was a child. He abandoned his home in anger. On the way, he met a medical master and took him back to his home in Haiyan, where he was taught Qihuang. To inherit the medical profession.
(There is also a saying that Mu Gong didn't like him and sent him to a temple to become a novice monk. When he grew up, he returned to secular life and studied medicine). Yang was a good wife and mother, and she was also literate and became Jiang Baili's first teacher.
In 1885, when Baili was learning to speak, his mother taught him square characters. Later, when he got a little older, she told him the stories of "Feng Shen Bang" and "Journey to the West". He was so excited when he heard that, he would sometimes sneak into a small restaurant in the town, climb on the table in the teahouse to drink tea, and loudly tell the story of Jiang Ziya coming to the stage to pay homage to the general, and Sun Xingzhe causing havoc in the Heavenly Palace. When he got to the tense part of the plot, he suddenly glared with his little round eyes, With a flick of his pigtails, Dr. Tea and the tea guests were all amused into bursts of laughter. Sometimes, he gathered a group of children into two teams to practice marching and fighting, and he seemed to be a general giving orders.
In 1894, Baili's father died of illness in Haiyan. Jiang Baili was 13 years old and dependent on his mother. As a monk, he could not return to his clan. His father had not received any inheritance, and his family life was difficult and hopeless. So his mother asked him to return to Kip Shek. She went to the clansmen to ask for help, and the uncles agreed to collect thirty acres of land for the mother and son to provide food and clothing. At that time, the Jiang family's school was in session, and Baili sneaked into the study from time to time to listen to the lectures. His uncle Jiang Shiyi invited the old scholar Ni Qinshu to teach his nephew.
Mr. Ni Qinshu loved his intelligence and knew that his family was in a poor family, so he said to Mrs. Yang, I am willing to study for a hundred miles without receiving a salary. From then on, Baili studied with Uncle Qin.
In 1898, Jiang Baili passed the examination to become a scholar. In 1900, he went to Zhejiang Qiushi Academy (the predecessor of Zhejiang University) to study. He was a classmate of Qian Junfu (Qian Xuesen's father) and was a good friend of Zhu Kezhen.
In 1900, Jiang Baili, who had been admitted as a scholar, was influenced by the reform ideas and introduced to Qiushi Academy by Fang Yuting, the magistrate of Tongcheng County. He was 18 years old at this time.
Here, Jiang Baili not only made many outstanding classmates, but also met the most important Bole in his life.
Qiushi Academy is the predecessor of Zhejiang University and has attracted many outstanding young people. Among Jiang Baili's classmates, the father of Qian Xuesen, Qian Junfu, the famous medical scientist Li Suizhi, the famous founding general of the Republic of China Shi Chengzhi and so on .
When Jiang Baili was studying at Qiushi Academy, he was independent-minded and unique in his opinions. He had a gentle and elegant personality with a bit of unruliness.
Once the college required you to practice regular script and hand in homework at least once a month. Jiang Baili objected to spending time on superficial articles, so he copied the Qiushi regulations and deliberately wrote "YES" as "ĺ—" to satirize the school for seeking truth instead of seeking truth. Character. It made the classmates burst into laughter.
Jiang Baili's thoughts and behavior often aroused dissatisfaction from the school authorities. The Chen Supervisory Academy, which cherished talents, approached Lin Dichen, the prefect of Hangzhou, and said:
"This student cannot stay in Qiushi Academy any longer. It is better to send him to Japan to study."
So, with the joint funding of Magistrate Lin, Supervisor Chen Yuan and Magistrate Fang, Jiang Baili embarked on a freighter to study in Japan.
This is 1901.
With the joint help of the three Bo Le, Jiang Baili truly started his legendary life.
In 1901, with the joint support of local magistrates, prefects, and supervisors, he went to the Japanese Army Military Academy to study.
One year after Jiang Baili arrived in Japan, Qian Junfu and Li Suizhi, both old classmates from Qiushi Academy, together with Lu Xun, were admitted as government-funded students and came to Japan.
It was 1902 - a glorious year during the Republic of China, when many heroes came out to study in Japan.
In 1903, Li Suizhi and Jiang Baili founded the magazine "Zhejiang Chao" together and wrote the publication's words.
At that time, Lu Xun was also a loyal reader of "Zhejiang Chao". Every issue was sent back to China and introduced to relatives and friends to read.
Jiang Baili went to Japan and first entered Chengcheng School to learn language and basic knowledge. In 1904, he entered the third phase of the Non-commissioned Officer School. His Chinese classmates at the same time included Li Liejun , Zhang Lan, Xu Chongzhi , Jiang Zungui, etc.
’s Japanese classmates at the same time include Koiso Kuniaki, who contributed to the September 18th Incident. He later became a Japanese general and the Prime Minister of Japan. He was tried by the Far East Military Tribunal in 1945 and sentenced to life imprisonment. He eventually died in prison.
While studying abroad, Jiang Baili met his revolutionary bosom friend, Cai E. Yes, it is the patriotic general Cai E whose love affair with Xiao Fengxian is widely spread.
At that time, Cai E, Zhang Xiaozhun and Jiang Baili were known as the "Three Heroes of China" in the Japanese Military Academy.
Cai E (left), Jiang Baili (right)
Jiang Baili and Cai E are the same age. They have both been awarded the title of scholar, and they have the same ambition to abandon literature and pursue martial arts. Such a pair of like-minded young people formed a deep friendship.
Jiang Baili met Liang Qichao through the introduction of Cai E. Since then, he has maintained a friendship of both teacher and friend. Jiang Baili respected him as a teacher throughout his life.
In 1905, Jiang Baili graduated with first place in the infantry department. According to the practice of the non-commissioned officer school, the emperor awarded the top grade a sword. Japan was in an uproar.
Interestingly, while studying in Japan, Lu Xun believed that healing the body was not as good as healing the soul, so he abandoned medicine and followed literature in anger; Cai E and Jiang Baili believed that the pen was inferior to the gun in order to make revolution, so they abandoned literature and followed martial arts!
Although they have reached the same destination by different paths, they all strive for life with the great ambition of saving the country and strengthening the people.
In 1906, Jiang Baili left Japan and returned with great honor.
studied in Germany in 1906. After the Wuchang Uprising, he served as general counselor of the Zhejiang Governor's Office.
From returning from studying in Japan in 1906 to his death in 1938, during Jiang Baili's career of more than 30 years, he was successively Zhao Erxun , Duan Qirui , Yuan Shikai , Li Yuanhong , Wu Peifu, Sun Chuanfang, Tang Shengzhi, Chiang Kai-shek, etc. were hired as chiefs of staff or consultants, but they only served as senior staff and were among the princes.
Jiang Baili did not join the Revolutionary Party and remained partyless and factionless throughout his life. This is also the reason why the princes respect him but are not close to him, so that he cannot realize his ambitions. After all, Jiang Baili has always been an "outsider" in the intertwined political situation.
There is another reason for Jiang Baili's frustration. In the era of the Republic of China when warlords were fighting, Jiang Baili's revolutionary ideas and national defense knowledge were never integrated with the warlords who were only interested in personal interests. It really corresponded to the poem:
"I will always follow my heart." The bright moon, but the bright moon shines on the ditch. "
When the Japanese invasion was imminent, Chiang Kai-shek's Northern Expedition was completed, and the country had both formal unity and spiritual unity, Jiang Baili began to find his own value space.
Perhaps he was worried about the country and his people, or perhaps the hero would finally be useful. Jiang Baili worked hard day and night, coupled with his bad living habits, he eventually fell ill.
Jiang Baili had two most glorious moments in his life:
One was his appointment as the principal of Baoding Army School,
The second was the publication of "On National Defense".
In 1912, Duan Qirui appointed Jiang Baili as the principal of Baoding Army Officer School with the rank of major general.
He is 30 years old this year.
Interestingly, the school was originally the Baoding Army Rapid School. Chiang Kai-shek entered the school in 1906 and went to Japan to study after graduation.
From this point of view, Jiang Baili became Chiang Kai-shek's principal. It was really Principal Jiang who called Principal Chiang when he saw Principal Jiang.
At the beginning of taking office, Jiang Baili was full of pride. In his inaugural speech, he was so excited in front of all the teachers and students that he made a bold statement:
Fang Zhenru is incompetent and should commit suicide to thank the world!
If you say it without leaving any room, others will listen to it casually and cannot take it seriously.
However, Jiang Baili's scholarly temperament was undoubtedly revealed this time.
After Jiang Baili arrived at school, he carried out four trainings:
The first is to require students to be clean and serious, the so-called military appearance;
The second is to ensure the supply and nutrition of the kitchen;
The third is to strictly implement the school system to ensure students' discipline;
The fourth is to focus on curriculum, eliminate unqualified instructors, and hire first-class instructors.
After only three months, the whole school has a completely new look.
However, under the current situation, doing things seriously is based on being a smooth official. If the relationship is not good, things will be difficult to handle.
Jiang Baili has no party or faction, does not rely on any power or background, and does not make any political connections. Of course, it is difficult to move forward.
As the saying goes, ideal meets reality.
Either you will sacrifice yourself for your ideal,
or you will humble yourself for reality.
Obviously, Jiang Baili chose the former.
What happened was this. Jiang Baili applied for operating funds for the school and sent a telegram to Beijing. There was still no news, so he had no choice but to go to Beijing to negotiate with the ministry in person.
After going to Beijing to no avail, Jiang Baili returned to Baoding angrily, and angrily submitted his resignation to the government, which was rejected. He then went to the ministry to collect money, but received no news.
The frustrated Jiang Baili wrote a letter to his friend Cai E all night, and then wrote a suicide note to Jiang's mother. The next morning, that is, at 5 o'clock in the morning on June 18, 1912, he summoned all the teachers and students in the school to express his emotions. Said:
I have taught you a lesson since I came to this school. You must do what I want you to do, and I must also do what you want me to do.
If you can't do it, I will punish you. If I can't do it, I will punish myself.
Everything is fine with you now. You have nothing to do with me. I can't fulfill my responsibilities. It's me who is sorry for you! "
After that, he took out his pistol and committed suicide in anger. Fortunately, he was snatched away by the orderly in time. The bullet missed and did not hurt his heart.
Jiang Baili's suicide shocked the government and the public, and accusations were everywhere. The Beiyang government was under great pressure, and Duan Qirui was also anxious. He personally went to the Japanese Embassy to find the best surgeon to treat Jiang Baili.
The suicide incident certainly showed Jiang Baili’s noble integrity and ideals, but it also revealed his scholarly spirit, as Zhang Shizhao said in his elegy after Jiang Baili’s death. ：
His military talk is a little bit Confucian, but his approach to the world is just right.
At this point, Jiang Baili can no longer be the principal.
Strange people must have good luck, but Jiang Baili miraculously survived. After almost losing his life, he met a lifelong love. The curve of life's destiny is really embarrassing.
While Jiang Baili was recovering from his injuries, the Japanese Embassy sent a Japanese nurse named Sato to take care of him. Unexpectedly, Nurse Sato's Taking good care of her, Jiang Baili couldn't help but be tempted.
Just after two weeks of getting along, Jiang Baili said to her emotionally:
I will not commit suicide according to your words, but when I encounter life and death difficulties in the future, there is no one like you by my side, who will remind me, Where's the courage to encourage me?
Perhaps she had never had the idea of ​​marrying a Chinese. Faced with Jiang Baili's love, Nurse Sato hid in Japan on the grounds that her mother was ill and had to return to China to take care of her.
But Jiang Baili still didn't give up and wrote to her:
I was born because of you, and now you want to kill me! I will go to Japan immediately, and if I die, I will die in your home.
After Jiang Baili's letters one after another, Nurse Sato finally put aside her inner shackles and complicated emotions and married this extraordinary Chinese man.
It seems that in the face of love, Jiang Baili also has the romantic temperament of a scholar.
Jiang Baili, Jiang Zuomei couple
Because they like plum blossoms, Jiang Baili named her Jiang Zuomei, and they gave birth to five daughters.
Jiang Zuomei once said:
I died in Japan at the age of twenty-two!
She never taught her daughters to speak a word of Japanese. Her daughters could speak English, German, and French, but none of them knew Japanese characters.
At the beginning of the Anti-Japanese War , Chiang Baili, as Chiang Kai-shek's special envoy, conducted diplomatic lobbying to Italy and Germany to win support. Jiang Zuomei made clothes and organized donations for frontline soldiers at home. She also went to the anti-Japanese frontline to care for the wounded.
After Jiang Baili died of illness, as a Japanese woman, she was under a lot of pressure from the outside world. However, Jiang Zuomei still devoted herself to taking care of her family and supported the Anti-Japanese War, and was admired by the people of the country.
Mrs. Chiang passed away in 1978. In accordance with her last words, the tombstone was engraved with "Jiang Zuomei" - the name of a traditional Chinese wife.
In fact, before meeting Jiang Zuomei, Jiang Baili followed his mother's wishes and married a woman named Jiang Zuomei when he returned from Germany in 1910. Zha Pinzhen's woman got married.
Jiang Baili did not like this woman. After getting married, he immediately went north to serve as the imperial guard of the Qing Dynasty. The relationship between the two was in name only.
However, Zha Pinzhen served her mother-in-law. He lived in Xiashi without having any children until the year after Jiang Baili died of illness in 1938, Cha Pinzhen passed away quietly at the age of 59.
In today's words, it is called: You may not like me, but I like you, and I like you and you. You have nothing to do with it.
As a traditional woman during the Republic of China, Cha Pinzhen defended her love in another way.
Originally, Cha Pinzhen had no sense of existence, but later, one of her distant nephews became very famous. It is the martial arts master Mr. Jin Yong.
Jin Yong (1924-2018)
In an interview, when Jin Yong talked about this neglected aunt, he defended Jiang Baili and said:
Mrs. Cha was ordered by Mr. Baili’s parents before he studied abroad. The marriage was arranged and the marriage was forced. Just like Lu Xun's first wife Zhu An and Guo Moruo 's first wife Zhang Qionghua, it was the father who sought friendship and the mother sought a wife, rather than the husband seeking a wife, so this is not enough. Yu Baili was ill.
After Jiang Baili married Jiang Zuomei, he gave birth to five daughters and had a warm and happy family. This may have made Jiang Baili mature.
Although he still felt that his talent was not appreciated, But he was no longer as interested in book business as before.
Jiang Baili and his wife were appointed first-class counselor in the presidential palace of Yuan Shikai in 1916. After Yuan Shikai became emperor, Jiang Baili went to Sichuan to help his old classmate Cai E. After Yuan Shikai died. , and accompanied Cai E to Japan for medical treatment. After Cai's death, he returned to China in 1917 and served as an adviser to the Presidential Office of Li Yuanhong. He began to write his first military treatises such as "Sun Tzu's New Commentary" and "Military Knowledge"
in 1919. When the movement broke out, Jiang Baili was on an inspection trip to Europe with Liang Qichao and others. He returned to China in the spring of the following year, at a time when the new culture was being promoted in China.Liang Qichao was deeply impressed by the Renaissance in Europe and determined to give up his political career and devote himself to the New Culture Movement. Jiang Baili actively participated and became Liang's most capable assistant, known as his "think tank". He not only came up with ideas, but also wrote books and became a warrior of the New Culture Movement.
In 1921, Jiang Baili wrote the results of his European inspections into a book " History of the European Renaissance ". Liang Qichao wrote a preface for it, writing more than 50,000 words, which was almost the same as the original book. Liang had to write another short book. sequence. Later, Liang rewrote and enriched this long preface and named it "Introduction to Qing Dynasty Academics ". In turn, he asked Jiang Baili to write the preface, which can be regarded as a great story in the academic circles of the Republic of China.
In 1923, Jiang Baili founded the Crescent Society with Hu Shi, and became close friends with Xu Zhimo. A few years later, Jiang Baili was imprisoned by Chiang Kai-shek. Zhimo, who was full of emotion and easily excited, packed up his belongings and shouted that he would go in and accompany him to jail.
In 1923, Tong Hu Shi organized the Crescent Society. In 1925, he was appointed chief of general staff of Wu Peifu's Ministry.
In 1930, Jiang Baili was implicated because of Tang Shengzhi's failure to rebel against Chiang Kai-shek, and was sent to prison by Chiang Kai-shek. The reason why
was invited was because considering Jiang Baili's fame and the military students all over the country, Jiang Baili was under house arrest. and allow family members to visit freely.
So Mrs. Jiang Baili took her children to visit the prison in the morning every day, and returned home at night. The visits to the prison were more regular than going to work, because there were no Sundays for visits to the prison.
Jiang Baili once served as the principal of the Baoding Army Military Academy. The officer students at that time all respected him as their teacher. In addition, he was a classmate of the non-commissioned officer department when he studied at the Japanese Military Academy. Jiang Baili has students and old friends all over the world.
Therefore, Chiang Kai-shek could not kill him even if he wanted to.
Tang Shengzhi was originally a student of Chiang Baili at the Baoding Military Academy. This soldier who had failed to rebel against Chiang three times and had implicated his mentor eventually joined Chiang Kai-shek.
In 1937, when the Japanese army attacked Nanjing, Tang Shengzhi took the initiative to volunteer and was willing to be the commander-in-chief of the city defense.
Finally, when the city of Nanjing was destroyed, Tang Shengzhi fled north. Chiang Kai-shek did not pursue his responsibility for the city's destruction. Tang Shengzhi also wanted to quit, and he withdrew from the current situation and lived idle in his hometown.
This is something to talk about later.
Jiang Baili was imprisoned, and the whole country was shocked, but the first person to speak out was not his students and subordinates, but a weak scholar- poet Xu Zhimo.
Jiang Baili and Xu Zhimo were good friends. The two had founded the Crescent Society together. When he heard that Jiang Baili was in prison, Xu Zhimo packed up and stayed overnight in Jiang Baili's prison. Of course, Xu Zhimo only stayed for one night before he was persuaded to leave. .
There was a popular slogan among the literary youth at that time: accompany Mr. Baili to jail and go to . It seems that scholars and literati do have romantic and sincere emotions and characters.
Because of Chiang Kai-shek, Xu Zhimo went to jail with Jiang Baili. Unexpectedly, six years later, because of Zhang Xueliang, Jiang Baili had to go to jail with Chiang Kai-shek.
In 1933, he went to Japan for an inspection and believed that a war between China and Japan was inevitable. He formulated various national defense plans and called on the National Government to prepare for war.
In 1935, he served as senior adviser to the Military Commission.
In 1936, as a senior adviser to Chiang Kai-shek, Chiang Baili went to Europe and the United States to inspect military affairs. After returning home, he was ordered by Chiang Kai-shek to go to Xi'an to report the inspection situation in person.
When Jiang Baili arrived in Xi'an, Shao Lizi, Chairman of the Shaanxi Provincial Government, greeted him at the airport. After taking a short rest at the Xijing Guest House, he went to Huaqing Pool to report to Chiang Kai-shek.
At that time, everything seemed calm and normal.
However, on the second day after the report, Zhang Xueliang launched the Xi'an Incident and detained Chiang Kai-shek and all officials and guests. Jiang Baili, along with other government officials, temporarily lost their freedom.
Jiang Baili was surprised and joked:
was a guest yesterday, but now he is a prisoner.
Zhang Xueliang admired Jiang Baili very much. After detaining Chiang Kai-shek, the negotiations failed for a while. Zhang Xueliang was so anxious that he went to Jiang Baili every day to ask for advice. And he wanted Jiang Baili to persuade Chiang Kai-shek to accept peace talks.
So, on the fifth day of the mutiny, Jiang Baili met Chiang Kai-shek.
Because Jiang Baili was not a close associate or subordinate of him, but only a military adviser to the Nationalist Government, Chiang Kai-shek was more polite to him. Finally, through the mediation of Jiang Baili, Chiang Kai-shek agreed to send Chiang Dingwen to Nanjing.
Chiang Dingwen flew to Nanjing with Chiang Kai-shek's autographed letter, which was Chiang Kai-shek's order to "stop bombing Xi'an for three days." The story after
is well known, and the Xi'an Incident was resolved peacefully.
Since then, Chiang Kai-shek has gained more trust and kindness towards Chiang Baili. After all, he is also a brother who has been in prison together.
Then, with the Anti-Japanese War approaching, Jiang Baili finally won his second highlight moment.
In September 1937, he visited Italy, Germany and other countries as Chiang Kai-shek's special envoy. After returning home, he published "Japanese" and "Basic Concepts of the Anti-Japanese War", concluding that Japan must be defeated and China must win !
On the eve of Japan launching a full-scale war of aggression against China, Jiang Baili, who was trapped among warlords and unable to realize his ambitions, finally ushered in a spurt of wisdom.
In this year, the book "On National Defense", which was a collection of Jiang Baili's articles, was published.
In this book, Jiang Baili not only concluded that a full-scale war between China and Japan is inevitable, but also wrote the following words on the title page:
There are thousands of words, but I just want to tell everyone that China has a solution!
In the same year, Jiang Baili published the article "Japanese—A Study of a Foreigner". The last sentence of the
article:
No matter whether you win or lose, just don’t make peace with him!
"On National Defense" was published on the eve of the all-out Anti-Japanese War. Jiang Baili was the first person to propose that "anti-Japanese war requires a protracted war, and China will eventually win."
He proposed that "the war in the future will not be a war between armies" but "a battle between the people" and "not a conflict between each other within a certain period of time, but a long-term and permanent race against each other." It states that the Sino-Japanese war will be a long-lasting and comprehensive war.
Acted as the president of Army University in August 1938.
Died of illness in Guangxi in 1938 and was posthumously awarded the title of Army General.
In August 1938, Chiang Kai-shek appointed Jiang Baili as the president of the Army University and asked him to cultivate military talents for China's Anti-Japanese War. This was Chiang Kai-shek's positioning and affirmation of Jiang Baili - you are a military scientist, train generals well.
Perhaps in Chiang Kai-shek's mind, Jiang Baili's talent lay not in generals, but in education.
Shortly afterwards, on the way to the relocation of Army University, Jiang Baili fell ill from overwork and died of illness in Yishan, Guangxi.
After Jiang Baili's death, Chiang Kai-shek posthumously named him an Army General.
Huang Yanpei's elegiac couplet reads:
A natural strategist and a natural writer. I have experienced all the storms in the sea of ​​​​dust, and my talents began to show up during the war;
A Chinese, come to write a Japanese article. Leave this final crystallized text with a ray of light that will chill the enemy's nerves.
Zhang Shizhao's elegy:
Mr. Wen Jie lived in Shuidong, and after thousands of years he paid tribute to Jiang Shan.
talks about military affairs with a touch of Confucianism and sourness, but when entering the world, he prefers to remain aloof.
A recent scholar grew old in his old age, but he encountered the same situation and ended up in poverty.
I know you best, Mr. Liang, who recalls Duanzhou with laughter.
Mr. Shao Lizi’s elegiac couplet:
Ten thousand words are worth one word, I believe China will find a way;
It’s okay to lose the war, but never make peace with Japan.
For future generations, it is a pity that Mr. Jiang Baili was not able to see the day of victory in the Anti-Japanese War and witness his foresight.
As for himself, he has never actually commanded a battle in his life. I wonder if this is Jiang Baili's biggest regret and unwillingness in his life.
In his life before his death, he studied Buddhism intensively and wrote the Diamond Sutra for his own entertainment. He changed his name to Tan Ning, and regarded wealth as floating clouds.
In September 2015, "The Complete Works of Jiang Baili" was published by Beijing University of Technology Press.
and Mrs. Zuomei (Zuomei) gave birth to five daughters.They both studied at Shanghai Chinese and Western Girls' High School and can speak two or more foreign languages. Influenced by their father Jiang Baili, they both like Western classical music, read original books in foreign languages, and like to drink coffee and wine. They all have individual personalities, independent thoughts, and independent opinions.
The eldest daughter Jiang Zhao died young of tuberculosis.
The second daughter, Jiang Yong, originally studied at The Chinese University of Hong Kong . After the outbreak of the Anti-Japanese War, she followed her parents' advice and returned to China to join the ambulance team and serve the wounded, and later settled in the United States.
The third daughter Jiang Ying was adopted by Qian Junfu when she was young. Jiang Ying was beautiful and lively, and became more and more outstanding as she grew older. Later, Jiang Ying was reluctant to let go and took her back.
But who would have thought that many years later, Qian Xuesen, now a professor, would marry this beautiful girl Jiang Ying, who was eight years younger than him. The Qian family finally changed their ways and took away Jiang Baili's third daughter again.
Qian Xuesen and Jiang Ying are husband and wife
pianists and singers. They graduated from the Berlin Conservatory of Music. They have a wide and beautiful vocal range. They have been contracted singers for Telefunken for ten years. In 1955, she returned to the motherland with her husband Qian Xuesen and served as a professor at the Central Conservatory of Music. At 11 a.m. on February 5, 2012, he passed away in Beijing due to illness at the age of 92.
The fourth daughter, Jiang Hua, settled in , , Belgium. She once organized the European Sun Yat-sen School and made significant contributions to the education of overseas Chinese. During Qian Xuesen's return to China, he played an important role as the go-between.
When Jiang Hua was a girl, she moved from Beijing to Shanghai with her parents and studied in a missionary girls' middle school. In 1937, the Anti-Japanese War broke out. Jiang Baili suffered a sudden heart attack and passed away in Yishan, Guangxi. Soon, with the help of his father's friends, Jiang Hua traveled across the ocean alone to study in the United States.
In 1946, after Jiang Hua obtained a master's degree in nutrition from Harvard University, he returned to China and became a professor and director of the Department of Biology at Aurora University. On the ship returning home, she met Wei Rupu. Wei Rupu was an engineer and came from a well-known family. His father, Wei Chenzui, was one of the founders of the Tongmenghui, deputy foreign minister of Sun Yat-sen's first National Government, and served as ambassador to Belgium. After more than forty days of travel, the two young people fell in love with each other. Soon after returning to China, Wei and Jiang got married. In 1951, Jiang Hua's family immigrated to Belgium. She started from scratch and opened the first formal Chinese restaurant in the area - Mingyuan Restaurant.
Deeply influenced by his family education, Jiang Hua also paid special attention to the continuation of Chinese culture. After gaining financial strength, she devoted herself to the education of Chinese descendants in Belgium. In 1965, she spent more than 1 million Belgian francs to buy a three-story garden house in downtown Brussels and opened the first Chinese school in Belgium.
Jiang Hua is not only an excellent entrepreneur and educator, but also an active social activist. She is the general convener of the Asian branch of the Belgian Liberal Party, helping Chinese people enter mainstream society in Belgium. After years of hard work, the Chinese finally entered the Belgian Parliament in 2003 and began to communicate with mainstream society.
In 2006, Jiang Hua returned to his motherland and settled in Beijing.
The fifth daughter, Jiang He, traveled around Europe with her father when she was young, and settled in Beijing after liberation. During the Cultural Revolution, she came under strict scrutiny because of her identity. Jiang He was proud and unyielding and wrote on the paper where he wrote the confession materials - "Chen Boda is a bastard". The interrogators were so frightened that they were speechless and did not dare to hand over the materials.
Jiang Baili and the late Qing Dynasty Jinshi master Li Liangyu's three sons (the eldest, Li Suizhi, the pioneer of modern Western medicine education in China,
Li Suizhi is also not simple, he is revered by Zhejiang University as the father of Zhejiang Medicine
He and Lu Xun were dead friends. They were close friends, and they went to Japan to study medicine at public expense. Lu Xun entered Sendai Medical College in Japan, and Li Suizhi studied in Kanazawa Medical College in Japan.
Lu Xun's medical graduation thesis on genetics was written for him by Li Suizhi.
After Li Suizhi went to Japan to study, he and Jiang Baili founded the magazine "Zhejiang Chao". At that time, Lu Xun was also a loyal reader of "Zhejiang Chao" and sent every issue back to China to introduce it to relatives and friends.
The combination of Qian Xuesen and Jiang Ying. The matchmaker is Jiang Baili's classmate Li Suizhi.Li Suizhi had always admired Qian Xuesen, and he helped and taught Qian Xuesen a lot. The two of them had the same affection as father and son.
In 1946, Qian Xuesen returned to China to visit relatives. After visiting his parents, the first person to visit was Li Suizhi. He knelt down and said emotionally: "Uncle, without your care, I, Qian Xuesen, would not be where I am today. "
The second child, the famous anti-Japanese general Li Erkang, the third child, the educator Li Lin like ["On National Defense" unsigned author]), Qian Xuesen's father and educator Qian Junfu, are both relatives and close friends. Also a close friend is Shi Chengzhi, son-in-law of the Li family and a famous general of the Republic of China. Shi Xizhi, the eldest son of Shi Chengzhi and one of the founders of the railway industry in New China.
Baidu said that Jin Yong is Jiang Baili’s nephew.
