's famous "China Airlines four-year deadline".
China Airlines logo
At around 20:00 local time on April 26, 1994, in the airspace near Nagoya Airport, Japan, an Airbus A300-622R twin-engine belonging to China Airlines in Taiwan Province of China The wide-body passenger aircraft (registration number B-1816, which was manufactured in 1990, was in early 4 years at the time of the incident, had a total of 3,910 take-offs and landings, and was still a new aircraft) was preparing to enter the approach procedure. Flight CI140 from Taipei Chung Cheng International Airport (today's Taoyuan International Airport) to Japan's Nagoya Airport (today's Japan Air Self-Defense Force Nagoya Airfield), the plane departed from Taipei's Taoyuan Airport at around 17:30_ span8span took off, and the 2.5-hour flight was very smooth. At that time, there were 2 crew members, 13 crew members and 256 passengers on the plane (most of them were Japanese tourists returning from Taiwan tour groups and some traveling to Japan). tourists from Taiwan Province of China).
Today's Nagoya Airfield, the aviation festival held by the Japan Air Self-Defense Force always attracts a large number of tourists to watch
The captain who flew CI140 was 42 years old and had 24 years of experience in China Airlines Wang Leqi, who has 8,340.3 hours of flight experience (including 1,350.5 hours of flying A300), has flown Boeing 747-100, Boeing 747-200, Boeing 747-400 and other aircraft types (all flying as a co-pilot), He obtained the A300 captain qualification in early 1993. As a pilot, he is undoubtedly a veteran, but as an A300 captain, he is not very experienced.
Catastrophe in the sky: Captain Wang Leqi
The co-pilot of flight CI140 is Zhuang Mengrong, a 26-year-old who has 1624.2 hours of flying experience (1034 hours of which is flying A300),He had only flown a few small twin-engine propeller trainers in flight school before flying the A300. In fact, the crew of the CI140 flight looks like an old bird teaching a rookie, but in fact, as the pilot of the A300 passenger aircraft, the qualifications of the two are actually similar. It's just that Wang Leqi is a "veteran rookie", while Zhuang Mengrong is a "true rookie". At this time, the co-pilot Zhuang Mengrong was flying the plane, while the captain Wang Leqi was in charge of monitoring the instruments and communicating with the ground.
Aerial catastrophe screen: Zhuang Mengrong co-pilot
By the way, Chen Peiyuan, the 44-year-old purser who flew CI140 flight, was the father of famous Taiwanese artist Chen Jianzhou, namely Fan Weiqi (in the legal sense). ——Because Chen Peiyuan and his wife divorced when Chen Jianzhou was in the fourth grade of elementary school, and Chen Jianzhou lived with his mother. When Chen Peiyuan was killed in Nagoya, Chen Jianzhou was only 17 years old) father-in-law.
CI140 flight attendant Chen Peiyuan's work card
Wang Leqi: "China Airlines 140 called Nagoya approach, we have reached 10600 feet (3230 meters) altitude"
Nagoya approach: "Received, China Airlines 140, Continue to descend to 6000 feet (1828 meters) and keep it."
Wang Leqi: "Descent to 6000 feet, China Airlines 140 received."
Wang Leqi: "Descent to 6000 feet."
Zhuang Mengrong: "Good captain.
Wang Leqi (turn on the cabin broadcast switch): "Everyone, this is the captain's announcement, we will land at Nagoya Airport in 15 minutes, and we are expected to arrive at the boarding gate at 8:30, please take your seats. Fasten your seat belts and follow the instructions of the flight crew, thank you for your cooperation."
China Airlines' A300-600R with old livery
...
Zhuang Mengrong: "The approach checklist is complete, Captain ."
Wang Leqi: "Next you come to drive, I won't interfere with you, don't ask me, do it yourself."
Zhuang Mengrong: "I understand,Need to push the joystick forward? "
Wang Leqi: "Let it go like this gently, just like this (demonstrated a little), fly like this, throttle like this (demonstrated the same way), understand?
Zhuang Mengrong: "Understood the captain."
Then the whistle of the captain Wang Leqi appeared in the cockpit voice recorder.
Nagoya tower: "China Airlines 140, please slow down to 180 knots (because the air traffic control found the CI140 flight) The distance from the previous flight is a bit close. In order to avoid being affected by the wake of the previous aircraft, the CI140 flight is required to slow down).
Wang Leqi: "Slow down to 180, China Airlines will receive it at 140."
The plane flew into the turbulent wake left by the previous flight, and it became a little bumpy. Seeing that Zhuang Mengrong became more and more nervous, Wang Leqi, who was still whistling just now, stopped whistling: "Push the rudder tightly, the rudder pedals." It's fine if it's tight, it won't shake so much. "
Zhuang Mengrong: "Yes, Captain." "
Wang Leqi: "You should reduce the speed a little more, to 170." "
Zhuang Mengrong: "Confirmed at Section 170." "
Nagoya Tower: "China Airlines 140, much better now."
Wang Leqi: "Okay, now you use manual operation.
Zhuang Mengrong: "Turn off the automatic driving and operate it manually." "
Wang Leqi: "Hey, you hit the go-around switch." "
Zhuang Mengrong: "Ah yes, I met a little bit. "
Wang Leqi: "Remove it." "
Zhuang Mengrong: "Okay (but it turns out that it was not released at all, maybe because Zhuang Mengrong was too nervous and thought he was released). "
The second view of China Airlines B-1816 A300-622R passenger plane drawn by the factory director
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Zhuang Mengrong: "Put down the landing gear. "
Wang Leqi: "Okay, lower the landing gear.""
Zhuang Mengrong: "The flaps are 40°. "
Wang Leqi: "Okay, the flaps are 40°. "
Zhuang Mengrong: "The spoiler is ready. "
Wang Leqi: "Okay, the spoiler is ready. "
Zhuang Mengrong: "Turn on the landing lights. "
Wang Leqi: "Okay, the landing lights are on.
Zhuang Mengrong: "Prepare in three minutes."
Wang Leqi (pick up the microphone): "The cabin, prepare in three minutes, the flight crew will be in place."
Chen Peiyuan: "Received in the cabin, three minutes. "
Nagoya Tower: "China Airlines 140, allowed to land on runway 34."
Wang Leqi: "China Airlines 140 understands that the landing on runway 34 is allowed. ”
Detail of China Airlines B-1816 A300-622R aircraft drawn by our factory manager 1
China Airlines B-1816 A300-622R aircraft detail drawn by our factory manager 2
Details of China Airlines No. B-1816 A300-622R aircraft drawn by our factory manager 3
Our factory manager's details of China Airlines No. B-1816 A300-622R aircraft 4
Our factory manager Drawing detail of China Airlines B-1816 A300-622R passenger plane 5
China Airlines No. B-1816 A300-622R passenger plane detail drawn by the factory manager 6
The voice just fell, heading to Nagoya Airport 34 The CI140 flight approaching runway suddenly accelerated, and with the lift caused by the acceleration, the aircraft stopped descending and turned to level flight.
Wang Leqi: "Push it down, push it down. "
Zhuang Mengrong putt forward desperately,But the joystick seemed to be stuck and motionless.
Zhuang Mengrong: "I can't push it, Captain."
Wang Leqi: "Release the auto throttle, put away the throttle, and push it again."
Zhuang Mengrong did as planned and found that it still didn't work, the joystick was like If it is welded, it is generally not moving forward for half a minute. At this time, the CI140 flight had been losing altitude and speed in a "flat" attitude, and the plane was less than 300 feet (91 meters) above the ground.
Wang Leqi: "Push it down again!"
Zhuang Mengrong: "I still can't push the captain!"
Wang Leqi: "Okay, I'll do it, I'll do it."
Zhuang Mengrong: "You do it."
But the joystick will obviously not become "obedient" because of the change of person, and it will still remain motionless.
Wang Leqi: "Damn, what happened?"
Maybe it's because he didn't solve the problem in front of the newcomers, and he consciously lost face. ."
Aerial catastrophe screen: The captain tried his best to push the stick but it still didn't work
The stick was still "unmoved". Seeing that the runway is in front of you, but the altitude of the aircraft is still higher than the prescribed altitude for the approach, so the captain decides to go around: "Fuck, why is this? Go-around!" toga)
Zhuang Mengrong: "Good captain, go-around! Nagoya control tower, China Airlines 140 go-around."
Nagoya control tower: "Received, China Airlines 140, please climb to 6000 feet again and wait for the instructions."
But CI140 The flight did not answer, but the nose of the plane was raised quickly under the eyes of the air traffic controllers at the Nagoya Tower.
Wang Leqi: "If this goes on, will stall !"
At this time, the main warning sound in the cockpit has sounded, and the main warning light keeps flashing. Captain Wang Leqi was still desperately pressing the lever at this time, but the joystick was still as hard as an iron pillar, unmoved.
Flight CI140 stalled with the nose raised
When the flight CI140 stalled immediately after its elevation angle reached the limit, the plane lost all power and fell to the ground, and the stall alarm and ground proximity alarm sounded in the cockpit, " AIRSPEED LOW", "PULL UP", "TERRAIN".
Wang Leqi: "It's over! It's over!"
Zhuang Mengrong: "Ah—"
Wang Leqi: "Ah—"
At 20:16, China Airlines Flight CI140, Airbus A300, B-1816, Taiwan Province, China The -622R passenger plane "photographed" the lawn on the right side of runway 34 at Nagoya Airport with its nose up. It exploded violently and disintegrated, and the whole plane fell into a sea of fire.
Air havoc footage: CI140 flight crash footage
Although firefighters at Nagoya Airport arrived at the scene within 4 minutes of the crash The fire was controlled within 1 hour, but in the end, only 7 passengers of the 271 people on the CI140 flight survived, and the remaining 264 people died in the fire.
According to the description of the witnesses at the scene: China Airlines' Airbus flew over the city of Nagoya. When it adjusted its direction to fly south and was about to land, it suddenly heard an abnormal engine sound. Witnesses saw the plane before landing on the runway, trying to pull the nose up and re-flying again, but the plane began to climb violently. When the plane reached the ceiling, the second engine on the right spurted out fire, and the plane then stalled and fell. On the lawn outside the runway, after three consecutive explosions, the entire plane fell into a sea of fire. The survivors recalled: The plane did not feel abnormal before landing, but when it re-flyed, it rose almost vertically like a rocket, and the strong G force almost made all passengers faint. Soon the plane stopped climbing,It disintegrated and burst into flames immediately. Fire trucks arrived at the scene within four minutes, but most of the passengers had no signs of life, and the cause of death was almost the same as the fall.
Japan Self-Defense Force is cleaning up the crash site of CI140 flight
CI140 flight B-1816 crash site
CI140 flight cockpit debris
Part of the wreckage of CI140 flight B-1816
CI140 flight B-1816 crash site
China Airlines flight CI140 Nagoya crash is the first China Airlines death toll to exceed 200 in Taiwan Province Due to the large number of casualties, China Airlines' air accident broke the flight safety record of China Airlines. the beginning of a major accident). At the same time, it was also the deadliest air accident in the history of China Taiwan Airlines and even Taiwan Province of China.
The Nagoya crash of CI140 flight has also become the second most deadly air crash in Japan (the first is the Japan Airlines JAL123 air crash in Takatenhara, Gunma Prefecture), and it is also the largest non-Japanese airline crash in Japan. .
CI140 flight wreckage distribution diagram
Synthesized January 9, 1995 quoted the Nagoya Air Crash Investigation Committee of Japan (by the Japan Aviation Accident Investigation Committee, Airbus , ) The investigation results, as well as the analysis of other experts, the cause of the air crash was that the co-pilot accidentally set the plane to 'go-around' by mistake when manipulating the plane to land.It means aborting the landing and re-climbing), because the co-pilot was not familiar with the operation mode of the Airbus passenger plane at that time, and was worried about being scolded for failing to report to the captain in time; the pilot missed the prime time to adjust the aircraft attitude. The pilot tried to use manual operation and wanted to lower the nose of the aircraft, but the flight control computer continued to execute the command of the "re-fly" climb automatic operation. The computer set the horizontal stabilizer of the tail to the state of the nose rising to offset The pilot's manual operation of the nose lowered the aircraft into a "man-machine war". Finally, because the captain suddenly increased the thrust of the engine after deciding to go around, the angle of attack of the aircraft was too large in a short period of time (the nose elevation angle rose to 50° within 4 seconds after deciding to go around) and Loss of lift causes the plane to stall and crash.
The accident was caused by an inexperienced co-pilot inadvertently triggering the go-around control handle (red part)
Before piloting a new type of aircraft, pilots must first receive a series of training from theory to simulators. It is a very complicated process, but China Airlines does not have a simulator of the A300 passenger aircraft, and it has to go to Thailand for every training. The problem is that the configuration of the Airbus A300 simulator in Thailand is different from that of China Airlines. The simulator in Thailand only needs to push the joystick to cancel the "go-around" mode (this is also the same as the Boeing 747 that Wang Leqi had previously driven for a long time). Disposal methods are the same), but China Airlines’ aircraft requires a series of complex operations. Therefore, when the captain asked the co-pilot to put the stick, he couldn't push it no matter what.
At the same time, the co-pilot Zhuang Mengrong was in the simulator training at the Airbus headquarters in France. The configuration of the simulator there is more "original", but it is more similar to the A300-600R equipped by China Airlines. Therefore, Zhuang Mengrong accepts that it is closer to the incident. There was a problem with the training mode at the time, but because he was a rookie, he didn't dare to not execute the instructions of the senior captain Wang Leqi (even if this instruction was different from his training mode).
Airbus also knows that there is a bug in their design, and there have even been three similar dangers before, just because the pilots are experienced and the fault is eliminated in time. But Airbus still only recommends upgrading the relevant procedures, and does not require modifications. The reminder of the go-around mode on the main display screen of the A330-600R series passenger aircraft is not located in a conspicuous position.It is very easy to be ignored by the careless crew, which has become one of the reasons that cannot be ignored in the crash of CI140 flight in Nagoya. When China Airlines sent these A300-600Rs back to Airbus for routine overhaul, they did not request to upgrade the control system due to budget problems. This original intention of saving the budget also became an important incentive for the Nagoya air disaster.
In 1996, the Aichi County Police in Japan transferred the captain Wang Leqi, the co-pilot Zhuang Mengrong and four China Airlines managers to the prosecution for business negligence causing death and injury. In 1999, Nagoya prosecutors ruled not to prosecute on the basis that both the captain Wang Leqi and co-pilot Zhuang Mengrong of flight CI140 were dead, and the other four China Airlines managers were also not prosecuted due to insufficient evidence. The Nagoya District Court rejected the prosecution's indictment in its first-instance judgment on the issue of Airbus' aircraft design, and then the Nagoya High Court ruled that the Nagoya crash of China Airlines flight CI140 was entirely caused by China Airlines' piloting error.
After the accident, 236 family members of 87 victims formed a "unified plaintiff group" to sue China Airlines and Airbus at the Nagoya District Court, demanding 19.6 billion yen in compensation. After nearly ten years of litigation, the Nagoya District Court made a first-instance judgment on December 26, 2003, finding that China Airlines had gross negligence and must compensate the plaintiff for losses of 5,026.41 million yen. Some were rejected.
China Airlines Flight CI140 Nagoya Air Crash Monument
In order to prevent similar aviation incidents from happening again, Airbus issued a maintenance order to modify the computer program of the A300 series to prevent the pilot and the computer from competing for control. conflict. But extremes turn out to be the opposite. This change in response to the Nagoya air crash of CI140 indirectly led to the Dayuan air crash of China Airlines flight CI676 (also operated by A300-622R passenger aircraft) on February 16, 1998 (the director of the factory will introduce later).
China Airlines subsequently abolished the flight number CI140/141, and the new flight number CI150/151 was used for the route from Taipei to Nagoya.
On February 28, 2008, the Nagoya High Court in Japan made a judgment,China Airlines is demanding 98 million yen in compensation for a pair of Japanese siblings who lost their relatives in the plane crash.
The air crash was included in the ninth episode of the eighteenth season in the documentary "Aerial Catastrophe". The title of the film is "deadly go around" (deadly go around, translated as "Blood and Red Plum" in Taiwan)
Appendix: The father-son relationship between Chen Peiyuan, the flight attendant of China Airlines CI140, and his son Chen Jianzhou
Chen Peiyuan hugs The young Chen Jianzhou
Chen Peiyuan, the father of the famous Taiwanese actor and host Chen Jianzhou, is a senior flight attendant and flight attendant of "China Airlines". He was unfortunately the flight attendant on duty in the Nagoya air crash of CI140 flight on April 26, 1994. perished. At the time, 17-year-old Chen Jianzhou, who had a very good relationship with his father and son, was devastated by excessive grief after hearing the bad news. He once went astray and became a "problem boy", and even went to court for committing a crime. , and finally let Chen Jianzhou wake up and completely change his mind.
A group photo of Chen Jianzhou (first from right) in his youth with his grandfather (second from right) and his father Chen Peiyuan (first from left) The flight attendant was unfortunately killed in the Nagoya air crash in 1994, so Chen Jianzhou always thought of his father inadvertently every time he took a plane, and the plane became the connection between him and his father. Recently, when he was boarding a plane, he happened to meet his father's former colleague. The other party shared with him the last scene of seeing his father, which made him particularly touched.
Chen Jianzhou took a photo with his father's old colleagues
The senior flight attendant told Chen Jianzhou that Chen Peiyuan's flight crew flew to Nagoya that day, while her other flight crew flew to San Francisco, and the two crew members were still briefing The room said "goodbye" to each other, but I didn't expect that goodbye to become eternity. In her memory, Chen Peiyuan was a very enthusiastic person, and he also took good care of the "rookie" flight attendant. Looking at Chen Jianzhou, who was similar to Chen Peiyuan, had a cordial feeling.
A group photo of Chen Jianzhou (first from the left) at home with his younger brother and father Chen Peiyuan
For Chen Jianzhou, taking a plane is not just transportation, listening to my father's former colleagues chatting about some small stories, There will be a warm current in his heart, "That's why I say that Feifei is a kind of missing." That's why he named the twin sons "Feifei" and "Xiangxiang", and his thoughts about his father flew to the sky in the sky. Beside my father, I also seem to miss my father who loves flying.
Chen Jianzhou and twin sons Chen Ruifei and Chen Ruixiang
B-1816 performance data
Model: A300-622R
Designer: Airbus Aircraft
Crew: 2 crew + Crew 280 (Typical)
Length: 54.08m
Wingspan: 44.84m
Height: 16.82m
Empty Weight: 91040kg
Max Takeoff Weight: 171700kg
Engine : Two Pratt & Whitney PW4158 turbofan engines, a single thrust of 258 kN
Economic cruise flight speed: 890 km/h
Maximum load range: 4908 km
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