When Tang Shuyu was enthroned, the Tang people were composed of at least three parts. A large part of them are local natives, the so-called Tang people. According to literature records, these Tang people may be descendants of the Xia people - these Xia people are likely to be loc

Tang Shuyu was enthroned, the people of Tang were composed of at least three parts.

is a large part of the local indigenous people, the so-called Tang people. According to literature records, these Tang people may be descendants of the Xia people - these Xia people are likely to be local ethnic groups living in the central area of ​​the Xia Dynasty ruling for generations, and may not be descendants of the Xia people - so when the Tang Shuyu was enfeoffed, they must "recruit the Xia government".

Another part is the "Nine Sects of Huai" granted to Tang Shuyu, which is the Di people in the bronze inscription of , which is the Di people in the bronze inscription of , so Tang Shuyu was asked to "surround the army and search".

And part of it is the Zhou people brought by Tang Shuyu.

Of course, there may be people from other places or ethnic groups, which are difficult to determine due to their small number and unknown source. It can be said that Jin State has been a multi-"ethnic" country since the beginning of Tang Shuyu's enfeoffment.

000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000001 11 The original Tang aristocrats and their families may have punished them, or migrated them to other places. This is part of the current version of " Bamboo Book Anniversary " and "Zuo Zhuan" moved to Du, which is now in Xi'an City, Shaanxi Province. According to the unearthed Duguo bronzes, Du may also be located at the junction of Chengcheng County and Hancheng in Shaanxi Province; the other part moved to the Tang land in the Hanshui basin.

"Zuo Zhuan·Xianggong 24th Year" records that when judging his family background, Fan said that his ancestors were part of the Tang people. The so-called "the ancestors of the past, from Yu to Yu, were Tao Tang family , in Xia, Yulong family , in Shang, shiwei family, in Zhou, in Tang Du family, and in Jin, the Xia League as Fan family." The records in "Guoyu·Jinyu Ba" are slightly the same, which can also be used as an example of the relatively complex composition of the Tang people.

But this Tao Tang family is not necessarily the so-called ancient Yao Emperor. The Fan family said that the origin of his ancestors should be undoubtedly. From this point of view, the Fan family was originally a surname Qi and should be descendants of the Tang people.

Through research, we believe that the tomb head east discovered in Qcu - Tianma site belongs to the tomb of the Tang people in the Western Zhou . The tomb of the Fan family found in Liuli Pavilion in Huixian, Henan Province also head east, and has its origins from the former. The tomb of Zhao Qing in the late spring and autumn in Taiyuan, also head east, and should belong to the Tang people, but it is the surname Ying. It can be seen that the Tang people already contained multiple tribes in the late Shang Dynasty , and should be called the Tang people with the Tang people in the main body.

Qucun-Bird view of Tianma site

In the early Jin Dynasty, there were many nobles of different surnames. The tombs facing the east of Qucun belonged to the descendants of the Tang people of different families. They were different from the tombs of the Zhou people and the "Nine Sects of Huai surnames". As for whether part of the Fan family was moved to Dudi and later returned to Jin State, it has not been confirmed in archaeology, and it is an indisputable fact that its descendants became the Xian clan in Jin State.

In fact, the Jin State has reused the nobles of different surnames from the beginning, such as the nobles of the "Nine Sects of the Huai surname" and the Tang people's nobles, which has been confirmed in the Qucun-Tianma site.

Jin Xiangong period, and learned from the lessons of the long-term civil war between the two clans of Zhaohou, Jin and Quwo , and carried out large-scale actions to destroy the public clan to consolidate their dominance. Later, many generations of Jin monarchs selected virtuous people and boldly launched aristocrats of different surnames, which not only injected vitality into the prosperity and strength of Jin, but also laid the root of disaster for the final division of Jin 1 and the three families.

According to historical records, there is an Zhao State in Hongdong County. Zhao State rose from Zaofu and belonged to the surname Ying. He drove for Zhou Wang Mu and was enthroned in the area of ​​ Zhaocheng in Hongdong County, but nothing has been found in field archaeology so far.

Later Zhao's was at its peak in Jin State.From the tomb of Zhao Qing and his family cemetery excavated in Taiyuan in May 1988, we can find that their tombs are also east-west, with the head facing eastward. In the southern Shanxi region, the tomb owner facing eastward may be the Tang people, so the Zhao family may have been part of the Tang people.

The Zhao family of Jin was a big family. Later, they developed a prosperous and foliage, and controlled the government of Jin for many years.

Leting

Zhao Qing's tomb and Fan's tomb are the same as the burial customs of the east-west tomb of Yongningbao Cemetery in Hongdong County, Qucun-Tianma Ruins Qucun Cemetery, and Shangma Cemetery in Houma City. The east-west tomb heads of the tomb owners facing eastwards. The east-west tombs with the heads of the tomb owners facing eastwards may be tombs of descendants of the Tang people.

In addition, some tombs heading to the west were found in the Qucun cemetery. These tombs are only a small part of the edge of the excavation area of ​​the Qucun cemetery. In fact, there should be many tombs heading to the west of Qucun cemetery, but they have not been excavated yet.

Some of these tombs are made of waist pit . The so-called waist pit refers to a rectangular or oval pit at the bottom of the tomb below the waist of the tomb owner in the coffin. Dogs or people are generally buried in the pit. The waist pit is a pit that is tributed before burial. It is more popular in the tombs of merchants. It is generally regarded as an obvious symbol of the descendants of merchants, namely the remnants of Yin.

Interestingly, a large number of tombs facing west were also found in Hengshui Cemetery in Jiang County and Dahekou Cemetery in Yicheng County. Through the bronze inscriptions unearthed therein, we know that the tomb owners of these tombs facing west were the Di people surnamed Di people. From this, it is inferred that the tomb owners facing west of Qucun cemetery were also Di people, which is the "Nine Sects of Huai surname" recorded in the literature.

However, the Dahekou Cemetery in Hengshui, Jiang County and Yicheng County are not "the nine sects of Huai surname", but the two newly discovered small Western Zhou countries - 天国 and 天国 .

...

Inscription of the Western Zhou Dynasty bronze gui unearthed in Hengshui Cemetery

Jinguo

60 years of turmoil and ups and downs

all in "The rise and fall of the Jin Dynasty"

Xie Yaoting 9 Written by

240 thousand words

full color/soft hardcover

Sanjin Publishing House

book by Written by Mr. Xie Yaoting, a doctor of history, takes archaeological examples about Jin State unearthed in recent years as the main line. Like telling stories, it connects historical documents and physical remains, telling the turbulent and ups and downs of the Jin State for 600 years. It is divided into eight parts: "Shuyu's conferred Tang", "Xiefu's migration to Jin", "Jin State in the Western Zhou Dynasty", "Yi and Quwo", "Auntie Jiang", "Xinxiang", "Three Family Divisions of Jin", and "General Theory of Jin State". It is the latest achievement in the study of the history of Jin State.