Intra-fighting in the late Ming Dynasty should be an unprecedented existence, which is enough to be the best in Chinese history and greatly damage the development of later generations for a century.
1644 Emperor Chongzhen Zhu Youjian hanged himself in Coal Mountain.
On the surface, the death of Chongzhen seems to be a foregone conclusion. In fact, the Dashun regime established by Li Zicheng only controls most of the northern regions. Moreover, the regimes in these areas mainly rely on the submission of local officials and gentry, and failed to effectively incorporate them into rule. They were just nominal jurisdiction and were not stable.
At this time, the Qing army was far away from Shanhaiguan and was unable to get involved in China for a while. south of Huaihe are all under the control of the Ming government. Although Chongzhen died, the influence of the Ming Dynasty was still there, and half of the Ming Dynasty was still there.
As long as Nanming doesn't do it yourself, it's not a problem to keep half of the country, it's not a problem to restore the Central Plains and achieve unification. The reason is very simple. Whether in terms of financial or human resources, the South has a very strong foundation.
As the ancient economic center of movement southward, by the Ming Dynasty, the south had completely become a veritable economic center of gravity. Taxes account for nearly half of the national finance, so there is a saying that "Jiangxi and Zhejiang are familiar with the world." As for population, if conservatively estimated, the southern population is 50 to 60 million, accounting for the vast majority of the country.
So much taxes, food and population, and many important resources are in the hands of the Southern Ming Dynasty. I think there are huge and unparalleled advantages compared to either of the Qing court or the Dashun regime at that time.
As for the unification from south to north, it is undeniable that there are almost no successful cases in history. But don’t forget, how was the Ming Dynasty established? The person who broke this convention was the founder of the Ming Dynasty - Ming Taizu Zhu Yuanzhang. Zhu Yuanzhang fought from south to north, drove out the forces of the Yuan Dynasty from the Central Plains, and then established the Ming Dynasty!
material and spiritual conditions are sufficient to support the great cause of restoring the Central Plains.
is just a dream, but a lonely shadow shines on the horizon. After all, this idea is just a wishful thinking of those of us later generations! He was humiliated by that ruthless page of history again.
From the founding of the Hongguang court in the Southern Ming Dynasty, internal struggles follow. After the news of Chongzhen's death reached the south, the officials who stayed in Nanjing urgently needed to choose one person to succeed to the throne and control the overall situation and stabilize the scattered and wandering situation. Of course, the main purpose is to unite people and consensus, unite around the new emperor, and work together to fight to restore the Ming Dynasty.
According to the relationship between bloodline, you should choose Fuwang Zhu Yousong, and most people have reached a consensus on this. However, the Donglin Party people led by Qian Qianyi began to jump out and strongly opposed it, on the grounds that King Fu Zhu Yousong was not virtuous, so he wanted to elect Lu Wang Zhu Changqing.
Do what the Donglin Party members said is true? How did Zhu Yousong perform after he ascended the throne?
The first thing Zhu Yousong did after ascending the throne was not thinking about how to rectify his forces and recover the mountains and rivers, but instead searching for beauties in Nanjing for his own enjoyment. In other words, what the Donglin Party members said is true, and Zhu Yousong's virtues are not praised.
But Zhu Changqing, the Lu king elected by the Donglin Party, was a playboy who was fond of eating, drinking and having fun. He was a complacent person who was determined to make peace and seek prosperity in the Qing court. Where was he more virtuous than Zhu Yousong?
In fact, the reason why the Donglin Party members opposed it has nothing to do with Zhu Yousong's wise or unwise. The reason they opposed Zhu Yousong was because they had tried their best to prevent Zhu Yousong's father from being crowned. Therefore, they were worried that once Zhu Yousong took office, they would lose their power and be retaliated against.
In the major affairs of the Ming Dynasty, the Donglin Party members first considered how to seize profits from it and ensure that they did not harm their own interests. As for the interests of the country, it was second.When Zhu Yousongzhen succeeded to the throne, they were afraid that they would be half late, so they changed their stance to support Zhu Yousong. The speed of his position was amazing!
Someone has made a proper evaluation of this: "Scholars have no shame or disgust. Those who are in high positions and enjoy high reputations should be proud of their faces." To choose a virtuous king, they should protect their own interests. Selfishness has to be used to under the name of righteousness. Selling dog meat under the guise of sheep is always like this, without any sense of shame or shame.
and it is worth mentioning that when those fake ministers who surrendered to Li Zicheng in the past came to join the Hongguang court, the Donglin Party members refused to hire them with great contempt. But when it was the turn of the Donglin Party members themselves, they rushed to surrender to the Qing court for admission.
is especially representative of Qian Qianyi. Whether the rumors about his falling into the water and feeling cold are true or not, one thing is certain, that is, the rumors can exist, which reflects everyone's voice to some extent.
If there are still doubts about the rumors that Qian Qianyi was thrown into the water, then taking the lead in shaving out of the city and kneeling to welcome the Qing army is even if Qian Qianyi cannot deny it. If Qian Qianyi secretly sponsored the anti-Qing and restoring activity, why did he not play his due role in a higher position and platform?
The civil officials of the Southern Ming Dynasty were like this, and no military generals could do anything else. They retreated when resisting foreign enemies, and took the lead when oppressing the people.
For example, the warlord Zuo Liangyu has a strong army and has long been entrenched in Hubei. When facing the Dashun Army, he was timid and did not dare to fight with it at all. He treated the innocent people with heavy blows. He plundered and slaughtered the people of Wuchang. When he went south, he plundered and plundered the people along the way. He went to Jiujiang and raped and plundered the people and destroyed Jiujiang City.
Also like the nickname Huama Liu Liu Liangzuo , before the Hongguang court was established, the south retreated and plundered the people, and the people resisted and massacred. But such a person who made any military achievements was awarded the title of Guangchang Bo just because he participated in the support of King Fu Zhu Yousong. After Duoduo led the Qing army to capture Nanjing, Liu Liangzuo, as a general, not only abandoned the city and fled, but instead surrendered to him with 30,000 troops when the Qing army had only 300 pursuers. In order to please the new master, he actually charged forward during the anti-Qing uprising of the Jiangyin people and participated in the Jiangyin massacre with the Qing soldiers and massacred their compatriots.
南明的将领，更像是为了残害同胞，断送社稷的存在。 There were rats like Liu Liangzuo in the Southern Ming Dynasty, and there was no reason not to perish.
Borrowing the enemy to defeat the enemy makes the relatives feel sad and the enemy happy.起初清军只占据了北京附近地区，威胁自然不算明显，南明视大顺政权为首要威胁倒也正常。 However, with the drastic changes in the situation, the Qing court's ambition to rule the Central Plains gradually emerged, defeating Li Zicheng to occupy Shanxi, Shaanxi, Henan, Hebei, Shandong and other places, and the troops advanced north of the Huai River. The situation was self-evident.
The leaders of the Hongguang court were still fantasizing about uniting the Qing court to wipe out the Dashun regime and continuing the strategy of "using the enemy to pacify the enemy."
There have been conflicts with each other in history and slaughtering the people. However, in the case of internal and external troubles, it is rare that the Hongguang court and even the Southern Ming Dynasty will not end in a tragedy? It is impossible to put personal interests above the interests of the country and the country without losing them!
The Qing Dynasty can win the world. The victory is not really how advanced the Qing Dynasty is. It is really hopeless that the Southern Ming Dynasty is so rotten.
Back to the beginning of the article, why do I say that the internal strife in the Southern Ming Dynasty damaged the development of the century-long generation?
Qing Dynasty has a new look after replacing the Ming Dynasty, and there are too many progress compared to the Ming Dynasty. In the early stage, , after the Qing Dynasty entered the pass, , to a certain extent, it truly liberated and promoted the development of productivity, which cannot be denied.
However, once puts it in a longer historical dimension and looks at the development and progress of world civilization, the nearly three hundred years of Qing Dynasty rule was unquestionably backward than the world's development, or to be precise, a regression, pushing the feudal autocratic rule that has been lagging behind by history to the pinnacle, hindering the development and progress of Chinese civilization, making it self-confidence and becoming the root of humiliation of the modern Chinese nation.
A copy is as follows: In the 57th year of Qianlong, the New York Stock Exchange was established. In the 17th year of Daoguang, Procter & Gamble was established. In the 29th year of Daoguang, Pfizer was established. In the 10th year of Xianfeng, JP Morgan was established. Tongzhi html in 48, Goldman Sachs was established. In the 6th year of Guangxu, Kodak was established. In the 8th year of Guangxu, ExxonMobil was established. In the 12th year of the Guangxu period, Johnson and Johnson and Coca-Cola were established. In the 18th year of Guangxu, General Electric was established. In the 29th year of Guangxu, Ford Auto was established. In the 31st year of Guangxu, in the 31st year of the Xuantong period, IBM was established.
Therefore, some people have made assumptions that after the fall of the Ming Dynasty, the feudal system gradually faded, and China was completely likely to transform successfully. Unfortunately, history has no ifs, which may be a paradox of history, because history can never come back. All speculations and assumptions can only be speculations and assumptions, and they will never be supported and verified by facts. If Ming was not replaced by Qing, can he successfully embark on the path of capitalism in ? It will be a question that will never be answered!
If the Ming Dynasty did not perish, another historical paradox would be drawn.
The Qing court summoned the famous thinker at that time, Huang Zongxi, to study history. As a former Ming minister, Huang Zongxi naturally was unwilling to accept the recruitment of the Qing court in order not to lose his reputation. However, Huang Zongxi sent his students to the Qing court 0,000 . Because Huang Zongxi was worried that if the history books were written by others, the Donglin Party members would be subject to darkness and attacks. In order to gain the right to speak, he sent his own students to study history.
can be seen how deeply rooted the party struggle concept was in the Ming Dynasty. Even if the dynasty was destroyed, it still could not stop the continuation of the party's common struggle against differences. How could such a hopeless dynasty have room for salvation and how could it be guaranteed not to be replaced by the Qing Dynasty?
This is the second historical paradox: the Ming Dynasty that was fighting against each other must perish. The demise of the Ming Dynasty will inevitably be replaced by the Qing Dynasty and return to the track we do not want to face.
is in an era like the late Ming Dynasty, which is a major juncture of the historical turning point. The leaders of the late Ming Dynasty had no sense of historical responsibility and mission, and only cared about personal small profits, which led to the development of the country and nation facing a backward trend. Because the result of this internal struggle in the late Ming Dynasty was no longer a simple dynasty change, but a determination of where the Chinese nation will go in the future!
Chinese nation has had the glory of the prosperous Han and Tang , and has the pride and pride that has been ahead of the world for thousands of years, but lagging behind the world's development and civilization progress in modern times. The root of all these can be traced back to the unprecedented party struggles in the late Ming Dynasty. The culprits are all ministers who disregard internal struggle for their own selfish interests. They must be responsible for the backwardness of the Chinese nation.
Anyone who has participated in the party struggles in the late Ming Dynasty is a sinner of history and a sinner in the history of the Chinese nation. They would not have thought about what kind of humiliation the nation would encounter in centuries after their death, and how much the price people would pay for it later.
The purpose of my writing is to be the King Zhou of history, to use words to impose a bombing and to nail them to the pillar of shame in history and repeatedly whip them! Let future generations never repeat the same mistakes, establish a strong sense of national honor and historical mission to shoulder heavy responsibilities, and contribute to the nation's development and progress of civilization!
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