After Liu Xin ascended the throne, he began drastic reforms in response to the shortcomings of Liu Ao's era of rule. In the second year of Jianping (5 BC), Liu Xin accepted the request of the Grand Sikong Zhu Bo, abolished the official system reform during the Suihe period of Emperor Cheng of Han, and restored the two-official system of the prime minister and the censor. The state patriarchal system (long-term local military and political leader system), the governor system (temporary central commissioner system), strengthen centralization, and eliminate the decline of the Han central government since Emperor Cheng of Han Liu Ao.
In response to the increasingly severe land annexation problem since Emperor Cheng of Han, Liu Xin issued a "land restriction order". The specific operations are as follows: princes and kings, marquis, princess, and officials shall not occupy more than 30 hectares of land; the slaves of princes and kings shall be limited to 200, marquis and princesses, and thirty officials and civilians; merchants shall not occupy land and shall not be allowed to be officials. Those who exceed the above limit will not be accepted into the official position. Liu Xin's policy greatly suppressed the problem of land annexation to the greatest extent, the number of refugees was greatly reduced, social conflicts were alleviated, the economic strength of the Han Dynasty grew rapidly, the financial income of the empire increased significantly, and the wealth of the people was not as high as the " Wenjing Zhizhu " period, but the population was the largest since the Western Han Dynasty.
The most important thing is that Liu Xin learned from the dictatorship of the foreign relatives during the reign of Emperor Cheng of Han. In the early days of his succession, he replaced his former master, crown prince tutor, and left general division Dan as the sage of the foreign relatives Wang Mang as the Grand Sima , and appointed Wang Mang as the marquis of Xindu , giving him a large amount of gold, silver and wealth, so that he could go to the fiefdom and stay away from the central court, reducing the influence of the Wang family on the central court. After Wang Mang left Chang'an , Liu Xin began to purge Wang Mang and his confidants of the Wang family. The Wang family, which controlled Emperor Yuan of Han and Emperor Cheng of Han, suffered a serious blow. The leader Wang Mang could only lie dormant in Xindu, the powerful Han emperor was slowly returning. Liu Xin seemed to want to create a glorious era that belonged to him, but history was wrongly given to the protagonist.
Liu Xin, who thought he had controlled the situation in the Han Dynasty, began to let himself go. Liu Xin and his uncle, Emperor Cheng of Han, Liu Ao, had a completely opposite taste. Liu Ao loved beauty and eventually died under the peony flowers; Liu Xin loved beauty, and even thought about abdicating the throne to his "good friend and boyfriend" Dong Xian , because of the opposition of the ministers, it did not work. In order to compensate for his "good friend and boyfriend", Liu Xin appointed Dong Xian as the Grand Sima instead of his old minister Shi Dan as the Grand Sima, and was above all officials. He was fully responsible for the emperor's handling of military and national affairs, and he was happy. Besides being handsome and making money from the Association, Dong Xian was useless and knew nothing about military and national affairs. It can be imagined that under Dong Xian's leadership, the political atmosphere of the Han Dynasty quickly collapsed, and Liu Xin's situation that had finally reversed before was out of control again.
What's even more serious is that on June 27, the second year of Yuanshou, Liu Xin, who had been in power for only six years, suddenly died at the age of twenty-five. Liu Xin's sudden death once again broke the political balance of the Han Empire. Although Liu Xin had problems in his personal life style and was a bit "unreliable" in doing things, there is one thing that Liu Xin's maintenance of the central authority was very successful. He grasped Wang Mang tightly. With Liu Xin here, the Han Dynasty would not be able to change the sky.Now that Liu Xin suddenly died, no descendants were left behind. Dong Xian, who had unstable foundation and lacked prestige and ability, could not control the situation after Liu Xin's death. In the end, Wang Mang was able to regain the rule of the Han Dynasty and took advantage of the opportunity to support the new emperor Emperor Ping of Han to control the power of the Han Empire. Liu Xin's efforts eventually turned into a scattered eastward. Nine years after Liu Xin's death, in 8 AD, Wang Mang ended the Western Han Dynasty.
1000 years later Song Dynasty Great Confucian Sima Guang said: "I was the first emperor to be a frugal person, and he practiced frugality, reduced all his money, and made up his own affairs, and the court was very eager to govern. When the emperor saw Xiaocheng's fortune was gone to the royal family, and when he ascended the throne, he repeatedly killed his ministers, hoping to strengthen his authority and follow the martial arts and Xuan. However, he favored and framed, hated his illness, loyalty and righteousness, and the Han industry declined. This may be the best interpretation of Liu Xin's life.
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