September 19 in history
Main events:
1: September 19, 1783—Meng Gofei brothers conducted balloon lifting experiment in Palace of Versailles
2: September 19, 1894—Han Huasheng Textile Factory founded by the Westernization School started construction
3: September 19, 1982—The first computer smile in human history was born
4: September 19, 1987—I The first national price management regulations were officially promulgated and implemented
5: September 19, 1988 - Zhuang Yong won the first Olympic swimming medal for my country
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September 19, 1783 - The Meng Gofe brothers conducted a balloon lifting experiment in the Palace of Versailles
On 239 years ago today, on September 19, 1783 (August 23, 1783), the Meng Gofe brothers conducted a balloon lifting experiment in the Palace of Versailles.
1783 On September 19, 1783, in the park of the Palace of Versailles, the Menggofi brothers conducted an animal lift-off experiment in front of Louis XVI . The balloon was a sheep, a duck and a rooster. The three animals were locked in round baskets, and they then used ropes to secure the basket to the balloons. After being released, the balloon rose to an altitude of about 500 meters, lasted in the air for 8 minutes and flew about 3,500 meters. When the balloon landed, the three animals were safe and sound: this experiment proved that lifting off would not lead to death. To reward it, the sheep riding on the balloon was sent to the king's zoo.
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19 September 19, 1894——Shanghai Huasheng Textile Factory founded by the Westernization School started construction
. 128 years ago today, on September 19, 1894 (August 20, 1894), the Shanghai Huasheng Textile Factory founded by the Westernization School started construction.
1894 On September 19, Shanghai Huasheng Textile Factory started construction. Since the 1870s, in addition to continuing to run military industries in the name of "self-improvement", the Westernization Party has also founded civilian enterprises under the name of "seeking wealth", operating departments such as ships, telegraphs, mining and smelting and textile industries. In 1878, Hou Budao Peng Rucong proposed to establish Shanghai Machine Weaving Layout . After several changes, in 1879, Li Hongzhang sent Zheng Guanying as the general manager and submitted a patent for 10 years. Later, Gong Shoutu was sent to take over. It was put into production in 1890 and its business was prosperous. A fire broke out in 1893. In 1894, it was restored by Li Hongzhang and rebuilt into Huasheng Textile Factory, with a branch factory. It is a form of government supervision and business operations. The purpose of the establishment is to see that foreign cloth has a good sales and is profitable in China, and can "sell and pay the benefits of foreign merchants."
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September 19, 1982——The first computer smile in human history was born
40 years ago today, on September 19, 1982 (August 3, 1982), the first computer smile in human history was born.
On September 19, 1982, Professor Scott Falman of Carnegie Mellon University in the United States entered a string of ASCII characters for the first time on the electronic bulletin board: ":-)". The first computer smile in human history was born. Since then, online emojis have become popular in the Internet world and are widely accepted by the society.
Scott, professor at Carnegie Mellon University in the United States. In 2007, Scott E. Fahlman claimed that he first used the smile symbol ":-)" 25 years ago. An colon , a connection number, and a half brackets, constitute the most commonly used symbols on the Internet at present, and also expresses the user's emotions. To commemorate the 25th anniversary of the Smile Symbol, Falman and his colleagues held the annual Student Innovation Competition, with the theme of human communication with technology as an auxiliary means. The event is sponsored by Yahoo, and the final "Smile Award" winner can win a $500 prize.
Language experts say that smile symbols and other electronic symbols provide an easy way for people to express their emotions through email and other computer communication methods, and it is difficult to do this through language.At 11:44 on September 19, 1982, Falman used the Smile Symbol for the first time on an Internet electronic bulletin board, when the topic he participated in the discussion was the limits of online humor. He said: "I proposed to use this symbol - ':-)' to mean jokes, it's like a 'lying down' smiling face."
Falman's suggestion provides an easy way for Internet users to express humor or positive emotions. Carnegie Mellon University said that this symbol quickly spread to other universities and entered the business field, and was eventually welcomed by Internet users around the world. The popularity of the smile symbol far exceeded Falman's expectations, and based on it, more new symbols emerged, such as the winking smile symbol ";-)", and the simpler ":)". With the increasing popularity of computers and the Internet, the application scope of smile symbols is becoming more and more widespread. Many instant messaging software have preset smiley face icons for users to use. But Falman said he personally prefers the smile symbol in text form because it is more imaginative than the icon.
For a long time, most computer and linguistics experts did not know who the founder of the Smile Symbol was. With the help of Microsoft , Carnegie Mellon University technicians found evidence of Falman's article from historical records 25 years ago, and finally determined the birth time of the smile symbol. Falman said: "Before that, I didn't see anyone using this symbol. However, this symbol is very simple. Maybe someone has the same creativity as me."
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September 19, 1987 - my country's first price management regulations were officially promulgated and implemented
On 35 years ago today, on September 19, 1987 (July 27, 1987), my country's first price management regulations were officially promulgated and implemented.
On September 19, 1987, the State Council promulgated the "Regulations on Price Management of the People's Republic of China", which marked the inclusion of price management and supervision and inspection in my country into the track of the rule of law. The regulations are amended and formulated based on the "Interim Regulations on Price Management" promulgated by the State Council in 1982. The newly promulgated regulations have added four aspects: First, clarify the three current price forms of the country, namely national pricing, national guidance price and market-regulated price. Second, the tasks of price departments at all levels increase the development of information services and strengthen coordination and guidance functions. The third is to add the chapter "Enterprise's Price Rights and Obligations", which stipulates that enterprises enjoy five rights in price management, mainly to give enterprises the right to pricing part of the price. At the same time, the five obligations that enterprises must fulfill are mainly to comply with the national price policies and regulations, obey management, and accept supervision. Fourth, strengthen price supervision and inspection and mobilize the masses to supervise and inspect prices. Set up employee price supervision stations and street price supervision stations in cities, focusing on checking the prices and charging standards of consumer goods that are closely related to people's lives. Protect the public who report and expose price violations, and those who make contributions should be rewarded according to regulations.
"Regulations on Price Management of the People's Republic of China" is the first formal basic regulation in price management in my country. Its promulgation and implementation will play an important role in protecting the legitimate rights and interests of producers, operators and consumers, and stopping and punishing all price violations.
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September 19, 1988 - Zhuang Yong won the first Olympic swimming medal for my country
34 years ago today, on September 19, 1988 (August 9, 1988), Zhuang Yong won the first Olympic swimming medal for my country.
On September 19, 1988, the outstanding performance of the Chinese swimming woman in China made the Chinese people here a little overjoyed. Rookie Zhuang Yong won the runner-up in the women's 100m freestyle final, becoming the first Chinese athlete to win the Olympic swimming medal.
Her score was 55 seconds 47, refreshing the best Asian result she just created on the 18th. The famous German athlete Otto won the women's 100m freestyle championship, with a score of 54.93; France's Prewinschi won the bronze medal with a time of 55.49.
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