Great leader Chairman Mao
Why does Chairman Mao dislike "Jia Gui" so much? Who is "Jia Gui"?
Jia Gui is the name of a eunuch in Peking Opera " Famen Temple ". "Famen Temple" is adapted from a story in the early Ming Dynasty. The story is real, and the character Jia Gui is fictional.
is similar to most traditional dramas. The Peking Opera "Famen Temple" tells nothing more than the story of "talented men and beautiful women, emperors and generals, grievances and grievances".
Chairman Mao likes the drama "Famen Temple" very much. During the days of Yan'an , Chairman Mao watched the performance with interest four times.
During the Chongqing negotiations , in the intervals of intense negotiations, in order to ease the conflict, the "host" arranged several Peking Opera performances. The guests invited to watch the performance were Chairman Mao, important members of the Kuomintang and famous democratic figures in Chongqing.
led the performance of the famous opera troupe " Li Family Ban ". It is said that the reason why I hired the "Li Family Ban" is mainly because of the personal preference of Chiang Kai-shek. Among many famous Peking Opera artists, Chiang Kai-shek especially likes the performance of the martial artists of "Li Family Ban" Li Huiliang .
At that time, Chiang Kai-shek ordered two plays "Mu Guiying Takes the Commander" and "Thirteen Sisters", and Chairman Mao ordered "Famen Temple".
There is another saying that the Kuomintang ordered "Take a Thorn and apologize for guilt", and the democratic people ordered "Good Reconciliation of Generals and Prime Ministers", while Chairman Mao unexpectedly ordered "Making a Fight in the Heavenly Palace". Although the statement
is unfounded or purely fictional, it vividly reveals the different positions and different choices of the three forces at that time.
Chairman Mao likes to watch "Famen Temple". In addition to paying attention to the literary value of this play and appreciating the superb performance skills of the artists of the "Li Family Class", Chairman Mao is particularly interested in the little eunuch Jia Gui in the play.
"Famen Temple" Stills 1
There is a plot in "Famen Temple": The big eunuch Liu Jin When the young eunuch Jia Gui sat down, Jia Gui replied naturally: "Don't sit, I'm used to standing by me."
It is said that after the performance began, several important Kuomintang members sitting in the back row were still talking loudly there, and they kept talking "US aid" and "international aid".
Obviously, they are intending to show off and show off in front of Chairman Mao to show that they have the support of the United States, so they are so powerful and rich.
At this time, Chairman Mao did not speak, nor did he reveal a sense of ridicule or disdain.
When the above plot was staged on the stage, Chairman Mao showed a look of contempt and disgust on his face. He pointed to Jia Gui on the stage and muttered, "Look, the master gave him a seat, but he said he was used to standing, looking like a slave."
Although Chairman Mao's words were not loud, they were heard in his ears. The important Kuomintang members sitting in the back row could hear them clearly and truly.
Later generations speculated that Chairman Mao's words were to listen to those important Kuomintang members, and intended to mock the Kuomintang government's ugly behavior of being submissive and humble in front of the American master in order to win "US aid".
We don’t know whether Chairman Mao’s words have such meanings. However, after hearing Chairman Mao’s words, the Kuomintang members in the back row completely shut up.
I think those important members of the Kuomintang should be "entering the role and taking the role". A big eunuch with physical and mental disability, a small eunuch who is submissive, and a slave-like appearance. Such a satire is too spicy!
In the summer of 1949, Chairman Mao came from Xiangshan to the Chang'an Grand Theater in Peking, where the traditional Peking Opera "Famen Temple" will be staged.
At the invitation of Chairman Mao, some representatives who were about to attend the "First CPPCC" attended the performance. After the performance of
, Chairman Mao walked out of the theater surrounded by everyone. While walking, Chairman Mao said to the democrats around him: "The two eunuchs in "Famen Temple" are very typical, one is Liu Jin and the other is Jia Gui."
"Liu Jin had never done a good thing before, but he corrected a wrong case at Famen Temple. This is also a good thing he did for the people," Chairman Mao commented.
"This Jia Gui is very humble. In front of his master, Jia Gui has no dignity and no backbone. His every move, every word and deed are a complete slave. "
Someone echoed: "The eunuch is not a normal person originally, and Jia Gui is the representative of this group."
Chairman Mao changed his tone and said: "We also have a lot of Jia Gui around us, both pitiful and sad."
"We should advocate seeking truth from facts and independence from personality. A person must have a little self-esteem and a little backbone. Jia Gui's servitude is not worthy of."
Chairman Mao also said, "We should pretend to be powerful and act as a blessing to the lower body, be timid and servile to the higher body, and even the eunuch Liu Jin looked down on him."
Over time, "Jia Gui" has become synonymous with "slaves". When it comes to Jia Gui, people will naturally think of people who are full of slavery and have no backbone.
"Famen Temple" stills 2
Chairman Mao particularly admires a literati who "don't eat food given to you" - rather starve to death than receive the "relief food" from the United States.
In the 1940s, China's industries were in a state of war and prices soared. Even people like Tsinghua University Tsinghua University Zhu Ziqing can’t afford food, and the family and young can only make a living with porridge.
At this time, the United States transported a large amount of food to China. The Kuomintang authorities issued a "flour rationing certificate" to the professors, and the professors could purchase flour assisted by the United States with the certificate.
However, due to the depreciation of the currency and the frequent interruption of grain supply, the food prices soared, and Zhu Ziqing's monthly salary was only enough to buy more than three bags of flour.
What's more, even if you can buy flour, Americans have the conditions: since they accept the relief from the United States, Chinese should be grateful to the United States and bow their heads down.
In plain words, if you want to eat American flour, you must be obedient. In short, flour is not for nothing.
In the article "Farewell, Stu Leiden ", Chairman Mao wrote in spicy language:
"Americans sprinkled some 'relief powder' in Peking , Tianjin and Shanghai to see who is willing to bend over and pick it up. This is called 'Jiang Taigong Fishing-Wishers take the bait'."
Chairman Mao mocked: "The food you give is pity, your stomach will hurt when you eat it."
As expected, Chairman Mao’s mocking words came true soon after.
In May 1948, the US government tried to revive Japanese militarism. As soon as the news came out, it was strongly condemned by all sectors of Chinese society.
In this regard, U.S. Ambassador to China Stuart Leighton and Consul General in Shanghai Kabode delivered threatening and insulting speeches.
In his speech, Stuart and Kabode refused to respond to questions from all walks of life in China. Instead, they accused "Chinese people of being ungrateful and repaid their grudges" on the grounds of "US aid flour" and even threatened to interrupt "US aid".
Faced with the insults and threats of Americans, 110 scholars from Tsinghua University jointly issued the "Solid Declaration of the Hundred Ten Commanders", calling on the Chinese to refuse to receive "US aid flour" in order to protest the United States' policy of aiding Japan. There is a passage in the "Declaration" of
"For the sake of the dignity and integrity of the Chinese people, we flatly reject all gifts of the United States that have the nature of buying souls, whether purchased or given." Before the official release of the "statement" of
, Professor Wu Han from Tsinghua University went to Zhu Ziqing's house and hoped that Zhu Ziqing would sign the statement.
At that time, Professor Wu Han hesitated as soon as he stepped into Zhu Ziqing's house. Because of hunger and severe illness, Zhu Ziqing was bedridden and had no money to treat him.
What's more, Zhu Ziqing's family has 9 people in total, and the Zhu family's life is already very difficult.
Professor Wu Han thought that if Zhu Ziqing signed the "statement", the life of the Zhu family would be even more difficult.
So, Professor Wu Han said to Professor Zhu Ziqing: "Whether to sign the 'declaration', my advice is to do what you can and don't force it."
Professor Zhu Ziqing said: "Mr. Wu should be clear about my character and attitude. During the Spring and Autumn Period, even if a righteous man starved to death, he would not eat 'food from lament'. The ancients could do this, and we could do it. Otherwise, we would be a teacher."
"I have thought about it for a long time. I would rather starve to death than accept the insulting charity of Americans!"
After saying this, Zhu Ziqing sat up with a sick body and signed the three words "Zhu Ziqing" on the "statement" without hesitation.
Early the next morning, Professor Zhu Ziqing asked his wife to return the "flour rationing certificate".
Seeing that there were still several flour stamps of the month at home, Zhu Ziqing said to his wife: "You should take it and return it soon. There is still half a bag of flour at home. Take it away together. If you want to return it, just return it completely."
More than a month later, Professor Zhu Ziqing's condition worsened, and the medicine was useless. Unfortunately, he died of dying. He was only 50 years old.
When he was dying, Professor Zhu Ziqing struggled and intermittently told his family: "There is one thing that must be remembered. I signed the 'statement' of rejecting US aid. In the future, no matter how difficult it is, you should not accept US aid flour."
Some people say that Professor Zhu Ziqing is "scholar-spirited" and "food is the most important thing for the people", so Professor Zhu Ziqing does not have to "fight with death".
Chairman Mao during the War of Liberation
Chairman Mao didn't see this way. In the article "Farewell, Stuart Leiden", Chairman Mao wrote:
"We Chinese have backbone. Many people were once liberals or democratic individualists, and they stood up in front of American imperialists and their lackeys Kuomintang reactionaries."
"We should write the song "Wen Yiduo Song and Zhu Ziqing Song, they show the heroic spirit of our nation."
In this article, we can also see a well-known and well-known quote:
"I have said that people are not afraid of death, but why do you fear death... How many difficulties are there? Block it, for ten or eight years, all problems in China have been solved"
"Chinese people are not afraid of death, are they still afraid of difficulties?"
When China faces the most severe international environment, Chairman Mao mentioned Jia Gui, the eunuch in "Famen Temple" many times.
Chairman Mao wrote in "On the Ten Major Relationships":
"Some people have been slaves for a long time and feel that everything is worse than others. They can't straighten their waists in front of foreigners. Like Jia Gui in "Famen Temple", people asked him to sit, but he said he was used to standing."
Chairman Mao scolded him for being "slavery and hopeless", and then called on the people of the whole country to "enhance national self-confidence and develop the spirit of "despising American imperialism" advocated in Resist U.S. aggression and aid Korea !"
In the early days of the founding of the People's Republic of China, the Soviet Union's "big brother" gave great help to our country, and the Chinese people were grateful and respectful to the Soviet Union's "big brother".
However, some problems have also been exposed during frequent interactions and close contact between Chinese and Soviet personnel.
At that time, the Second Ministry of Machinery submitted a "Report on Relations with Soviet Experts" to Chairman Mao. After reading this report, Chairman Mao wrote a letter to him:
"'Everyone in the world is brothers', you must respect the Soviet comrades and learn from them with great enthusiasm. However, you must also break the superstition and defeat Jia Gui!"
Chairman Mao specifically marked: "You must know that Jia Gui (i.e., slaves) looked down upon."
Entering the mid-to-late 1950s, Chairman Mao mentioned the name "Jia Gui" many times in his speeches and reports.
At that time, our country was facing the most severe international environment since the founding of the People's Republic of China.On the one hand, Sino-Soviet relations are becoming increasingly tense and tending to be openly divided; on the other hand, our country is threatened by force and economic blockade from Western countries led by the United States, and is intensifying.
Chairman Mao met with Soviet leader
In the face of difficulties and risks one after another, some people in the country have become at a loss, and some people have even begun to lose confidence and shake their beliefs.
In order to lead the socialist new China on the path of "independent and independent" development, Chairman Mao wrote an article "On the Ten Major Relationships".
In response to pessimistic and wrong remarks such as "If the Soviet Union's aid is lost, China's construction will not be successful", Chairman Mao pointed out incisively:
"Some people are used to being slaves and are always a little slave-like, just like Jia Gui in "Famen Temple", who asked him to sit, but he said he was used to standing."
"'Jia Gui' feels that everything is worse than others, and he can't straighten his waist in front of his master. Some of our comrades are very similar to 'Jia Gui' and can't straighten his waist in front of foreigners."
In Chairman Mao's writing, "Jia Gui" is a negative teacher. He is weak and superstitious about authority, he has no independent personality, and is a complete slave.
At a conference, Chairman Mao once again mentioned the name of "Jia Gui". He said passionately: "If you want to cut off the tail of a slave, break the superstition, and completely defeat Jia Gui's style, Jia Gui looks down on anyone!"
Now, the eunuchs, a deformed group, have long disappeared. So, are there any people like Jia Gui around us?
Unfortunately, there were no eunuchs in the world, but "Jia Gui-like characters can be seen everywhere". This is the view of the famous master of Oriental Studies, linguist, writer, and historian, Ji Xianlin.
Mr. Ji Xianlin said, "No need to observe carefully, you may still meet with the Famen Temple 'Jia Gui', who is 'kneeling and cannot stand'."
Why did Mr. Ji Xianlin say this?
After the reform and opening up, my country absorbed foreign investment and introduced some advanced foreign technology and experience. However, when opening the window, "mosquitoes and flies" also came in together.
For a time, some people's curiosity about foreign cultures quickly turned into "worship", and some "elites" developed a "superstition" towards the West and devoutly bowed to the developed Western countries.
They pursue American values, and some radical extremists even believe that China should be "Westernized" in the next step.
This is a kind of spiritual self-harm, and behind it is the "Jia Gui"-style inferiority complex. Under the influence of such thoughts, the "Jia Gui" cannot stand up, and therefore can never walk a straight path.
Little do you know that China has China's national conditions, and China's affairs can only be done by the Chinese themselves. The result of blind worship and superstition can only be humiliating and futile.
Chairman Mao
Conclusion
Finally, I want to talk about the main differences between "slaves" and "slaves".
First of all, "slaves" are forced, while "slaves" are voluntary;
Secondly, "slaves" is a social class, while "slaves" is a social consciousness and national consciousness, and a distorted interpersonal relationship;
The most critical difference between "slaves" and "slaves" is: "slaves" still have a life goal of freedom, but "slaves" depend on everything to his master and has no life goal at all.
In other words, although "slaves" are unfortunate, they are not that scary, because he still knows that struggles, at least there is hope of breaking free from shackles and gaining freedom;
If a person praises the life of a slave, is intoxicated by it, and is happy to be indifferent to Shu, this person will be a slave who will never be restored.
This is the fundamental reason why Chairman Mao despises "Jia Gui" and does not like "Jia Gui".
Chairman Mao
In Chairman Mao's view, "Jia Gui" is just a walking corpse with his own appearance. He has no backbone, no integrity, no dignity, and no ideals. His vivid soul has long been dead!
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