In 197 BC, under the envoy of Empress Lu , Han Xin was tricked into Changle Palace by Xiao He and killed, and then his three family members were also executed one after another.
Han Xin was once worshipped by Han Gaozu Liu Bang as a general. Without him, Liu Bang would not have won the final victory in the battle between Chu and Han. Even Liu Bang himself admitted that he was able to gain the world, thanks to his There are three biggest people: Zhang Liang, Xiao He and Han Xin, these three people are the "Three Heroes of the Early Han Dynasty" that Liu Bang once relied heavily on.
However, Han Xin's ending was completely different from that of Zhang Liang and Xiao He. Not only was he murdered by Empress Lu, but also his relatives of the three clans were killed. What is this? What is the reason?
In the final analysis, it has to be said that Han Xin's character played a decisive role, and the often said "character determines destiny" is very accurate for him.
1. Han Xin's personality is too straight
In 206 BC, under the strong suggestion of Xiao He, Liu Bang worshipped Han Xin as a general after a series of grand ceremonies such as choosing an auspicious day, fasting, and building a mandala.
Portrait of Han Xin
Before that, Han Xin was not very famous in Liu Bang's army, and he was not an outstanding character. He could be worshipped as a general, which made many people very strange.
The reason why Liu Bang chose to worship Han Xin as a general with such a solemn ceremony was not because he realized how great Han Xin was, but because he followed the advice of the Prime Minister Xiao He: Xiao He thought that if he wanted to keep Han Xin, he had to worship him For the general, and must use such a grand ceremony to match.
One of Liu Bang's great advantages is that he can listen to other people's suggestions, especially Xiao He, whom he is very optimistic about, so he does exactly what Xiao He said.
After worshipping Han Xin as a general, Han Xin's talent really made Liu Bang overjoyed.
After worshipping the generals, Liu Bang wanted to see for himself what Han Xin was really capable of, so he said to Han Xin: "The prime minister has told me many times that you are very talented, so what can you teach me? What about the strategy?"
After such a grand tossing, Liu Bang certainly hoped that he could gain something.
Han Xin was still very humble at this time. After humility, he asked: "Now, Your Majesty, isn't your strong enemy Xiang Yu? Think for yourself, who is stronger than Xiang Yu? What?"
Of course Liu Bang knew that he was inferior to Xiang Yu, so he honestly admitted that he was inferior to Xiang Yu.
So, Han Xin conducted a thorough analysis of Liu Bang and Xiang Yu, and this large dialogue is recorded in detail in Sima Qian's "Historical Records: The Biography of the Marquis of Huaiyin":
The letter congratulates again and says: "It's not as good as a great king if you believe in it. However, if the ministers have tried things, please say King Xiang is a human being. King Xiang is so evil that thousands of people will be abandoned, but he cannot be appointed as a worthy general. This is the brave ear of a special man. King Xiang Seeing people be respectful and loving, speech is disgusting, people are sick, weep and weep and share food and drink. Even those who make people meritorious and deserve to be knighted, they can’t bear it, and they can’t bear it. This is the so-called benevolence of women. …”
Han Xin He said bluntly: "Actually, I don't think you are as good as Xiang Yu. I have served under Xiang Yu before, and now I will tell you what I think about Xiang Yu: Xiang Yu is indeed very brave, when he is angry and roars. At that time, none of his generals were not afraid.But he can't use good generals well, so his bravery is nothing but the bravery of ordinary people.
Han Xin usually treats people kindly and speaks softly. If a soldier falls ill, he will be so distressed that he will cry, and then distribute his food to the sick. However, when a general who seems to be so benevolent at ordinary times, when the general has made meritorious deeds and should be promoted to a rank, Han Xin took the engraved seal in his hand, and the edges and corners of the seal were rounded when he rubbed it. He was still reluctant to give, so his benevolence was only that of a woman. ..."
Statue of Xiang Yu
After this conversation, Liu Bang had a great feeling of seeing Han Xin late.
Han Xin's analysis was of course correct. As Xiang Yu's opponent, Liu Bang listened to it. When someone analyzes Xiang Yu so thoroughly, he will naturally benefit. However, if Liu Bang is free, will he think about it: This kid can see Xiang Yu so clearly, and I am afraid that he will see me too clearly. Right? It is inevitable that precautions and suspicions will arise in my heart.
As the saying goes, "everyone only talks about three points", but Han Xin can't wait to express all his opinions to surprise his boss. However, his knowledge At this time, Liu Bang is naturally happy, but is it not an unforeseen disaster in the future? If Han Xin only talked about his understanding of Xiang Yu in general, and let Liu Bang understand his own vision, would the ending be better?
2. Han Xin's arrogance
Liu Bang has always used Han Xin very much, and Han Xin has also won a lot of victories. In 203 BC, Han Xin used an extraordinary army to pacify the state of Qi. Before that, he had already destroyed Wei, Zhao, Yan, etc.
After pacifying the state of Qi, Han Xin thought that the state of Qi was difficult to govern and needed a proxy king to rule, so he wrote to Liu Bang, requesting that he be the proxy king of Qi.
and Han Xin's great victory In contrast, at this time Liu Bang was besieged by Xiang Yu in Xingyang,The situation is very critical.
Liu Bang's film and television image
Liu Bang, who was in predicament, suddenly received a letter from Han Xin.
Liu Bang's advisors Zhang Liang and Chen Ping were both in front of Liu Bang and hurriedly reminded Liu Bang that the situation in the Han army was unfavorable. There will also be many places for him, so be sure to treat him well now.
When Liu Bang was reminded by someone, he suddenly realized that he immediately told the people that he would make Han Xin the king of Qi.
Han Xin's request for self-reliance as king is obviously a measure of the state of Qi, and he hopes to use his own strength to maintain the stability of Qi, but his request is indeed a little arrogant, especially for Liu Bang who is in a crisis. It is very threatening, which makes Liu Bang angry.
But when Liu Bang was employing people, Han Xin played a crucial role in the battle between Chu and Han, just as the Qi people Kuaitong said, "The power of the world lies with Han Xin", whoever Han Xin helps can win the final victory, Therefore, Liu Bang has always maintained a very restrained and forbearing attitude to use Han Xin, not only crowning him king, giving him military power, but also dividing large fiefs to him.
Therefore, Han Xin felt that Liu Bang had a kindness to him. When Xiang Yu sent Kuaitong to persuade him to surrender, he counted the advantages that Liu Bang treated him one by one, and said to Kuaitong:
“ Han Wang What happened to me? Thick, carry me with my cart, clothe me with my clothes, and eat me with food. I have heard that those who ride in a carriage of people are in danger of carrying people, those who wear the clothes of people are worried about people, and those who eat people’s food are dead. How can I be more righteous than the villagers?”
Han Xin thinks: Liu Bang treats him very well, letting him use his car,Wear his clothes and eat his food. Now that he has received such favorable treatment from Liu Bang, he must relieve him of his worries, share his worries and swear allegiance to his cause, and not betray his promises for self-interest. Then, Han Xin directly rejected Xiang Yu's persuasion to surrender.
I have to say that Han Xin has always been loyal to Liu Bang since he was worshipped as a general until he was persuaded to surrender.
But as for Liu Bang, his patience with Han Xin was limited. In December 2020, under Han Xin's fierce attack, the Chu army was defeated and Xiang Yu committed suicide. The first thing Liu Bang did was to suddenly break into Han Xin's camp and take back Han Xin's military power.
If you give Liu Bang an inner monologue at this time, he will definitely say: The military power is in the hands of this kid Han Xin, I am very worried!
Han Xin, who was deprived of military power, was named King of Chu, but Liu Bang's suspicion of him continued until someone came to report Han Xin's treason. Liu Bang personally went to Han Xin's fief Chu State, captured Han Xin and brought him back. Luoyang, later renamed to Huaiyin Hou.
Han Xin was demoted, but his arrogant character did not change.
Han Xin was demoted from the King of Chu to the Marquis of Huaiyin, and he was inevitably depressed. At this time, Liu Bang's founding heroes, Zhou Bo, Fan Kuai, and others were all named marquis. They were all people who followed Liu Bang to fight everywhere, but Han Xin felt that he was on the same level as them. shame.
古汉台
Fan Kuai is Liu Bang's brother-in-law. He married Empress Lv's sister. When Han Xin went to visit Fan Kuai, Fan Kuai respectfully bowed and greeted him. After Han Xin walked out of the gate of Fan Kuai's house, he laughed at himself. With a smile, he said, "I didn't expect that I would be in the company of someone like Fan Kuai in my life!" The words were very disdainful.
It can be seen that Han Xin's arrogance is not only manifested in his direct leadership,The same is true for colleagues.
With Han Xin's talent, he does have the confidence to make him a king. If he is an enemy of Liu Bang, I am afraid that Liu Bang is really not an opponent.
But does Han Xin have such courage and determination?
3. Han Xin hesitated in action
When fighting for Liu Bang, Han Xin's judgment was accurate and his actions were quick, so he could win the battle on the battlefield, but when he made a decision for himself, he would inevitably move slowly, Hesitant in mind.
When Xiang Yu sent Kuaitong to persuade him to surrender, although Han Xin talked about the benefits of Liu Bang's treatment of himself, he also knew that Kuaitong's analysis was very reasonable. He will be treated so favorably, and one day he will gain the world, and I am afraid that he will be in danger.
Portrait of Xiang Yu
Although he was moved, Han Xin was very hesitant in his actions. He could not bear to betray Liu Bang, but also took a chance on Liu Bang, thinking that he might not do anything to himself.
However, when Han Xin was kidnapped by Liu Bang and thrown into the prison cart back to Luoyang, Han Xin suddenly repented and said with a sigh: "When a cunning rabbit is killed, a good dog is cooked; when the tall birds are exhausted, the good bow is hidden;
Returning to Luoyang, although Liu Bang pardoned Han Xin and renamed him Marquis of Huaiyin, Han Xin had resentment since then, and secretly conspired with Chen Xi to rebel: let Chen Xi raise troops in Julu, and assist him in the capital .
Chen Xi really rebelled in Julu. Just as Han Xin expected, Liu Bang personally led his troops to quell the rebellion. Han Xin found a reason not to follow him and planned to attack Empress Lv and the Crown Prince directly in the capital.
However, in the end, things came to light. Han Xin was tricked into the palace by Xiao He and was soon killed.
At the beginning, Han Xin was worshipped as a general because of Xiao He's appreciation, and now he was imprisoned in the palace and killed under Xiao He's design.As the saying goes, "Success is also Xiao He is defeated."
Han Xin's tragedy, of course, his upright and arrogant character played a decisive role, but Liu Bang's suspicion was also a fatal factor. Han Xin in "Three Heroes of the Early Han Dynasty" has been eliminated. What will be the fate of Xiao He and Zhang Liang?
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