Du Yuesheng: Chiang Kai-shek is not easy to mess with! Situ Meitang came up with the crime: Am I so annoying?

Modern China was able to fight for national independence and people's liberation, and the vast number of overseas Chinese contributed their money and efforts. Among the tens of thousands of patriotic overseas Chinese, two leaders are highly respected by future generations. One is the Southeast Asian Chinese leader Tan Kah Kee , and the other is the American Chinese leader Situ Meitang .

Situ Meitang's life is full of legends: as a Hong Gang leader, he has supported Sun Yat-sen, protected Cai Tingkai and Yang Hucheng, scolded Du Yuesheng , and beaten Chiang Kai-shek !

a

In 1868, Situ Meitang was born in a poor peasant family in Kaiping, Guangdong. When he was very young, his father died, and the widow mother worked hard to raise him up. When he was a teenager, Situ Meitang studied in a private school for 4 years, but dropped out of school due to poverty and became an apprentice in a small workshop. Due to being bullied, Situ Meitang learned a good martial arts, holding a knife and a stick, and more than a dozen people could not get close.

At the age of 14, young Situ Meitang crossed the sea to the United States to make a living. To make ends meet, he worked as a kitchen worker in San Francisco, working 16 hours a day. Soon there was an anti-Chinese movement in the United States, and the overseas Chinese were severely harassed. Because there is nowhere to appeal, many people choose to swallow their breath. Situ Meitang is different. He is so young and energetic that he can fight injustices. Whenever he sees a rogue making trouble, he always knocks him to the ground with three punches and two kicks.

At the age of 17, Situ Meitang joined Hongmen Zhigongtang, the most extensive organization that unites Chinese and overseas Chinese overseas. Feeling that the organization of the Hongmen in the United States was disorganized and lacked a unified command, Situ Meitang assembled the youthful and courageous people in the hall to form the "Anliangtang", with the purpose of "relieving the strong and supporting the weak, and eliminating violence and peace." . With the gradual development of Anliangtang, Situ Meitang was embraced as a "big brother", and since then established his leading position in Hongmen.

two

Although the Hongmen of America is an extension of the world, it is far away from China.Gradually forgot the purpose of " anti-Qing and Ming ". One person came and changed everything, he is Sun Yat-sen.

In 1904, Mr. Sun Yat-sen went to America as the "big brother" of Hongmen to carry out revolutionary activities. Situ Meitang launched a warm reception by the Hongmen brothers in Boston after learning about it, and asked him to live in his own home as a guard and cook.

The two have been together for 5 months. Situ Meitang learned a lot of revolutionary principles from Sun Yat-sen's teachings. He decided to contribute money to help Sun Yat-sen complete the revolutionary cause against the Qing Dynasty. The Hongmen organization has since become revolutionary.

In 1911, after the failure of the Huanghuagang Uprising in Guangzhou, domestic comrades called Sun Yat-sen, saying that there was an urgent need for US$150,000 to regroup. Sun Yat-sen behaved at a loss and had trouble sleeping and eating. After Situ Meitang learned about it, he did not hesitate to escort out the four court buildings in Toronto, Vancouver, and Victoria, Canada, and all the money raised was given to Sun Yat-sen.

After Sun Yat-sen returned to China, Situ Meitang mobilized the court to send back more than 300 power-ups to the country, actively supporting Sun Yat-sen as President. Sun Yat-sen was very moved. After taking office as the president, he sent a telegram to Situ Meitang, inviting him to return to China to be the "monitoring officer" of the presidential palace. Situ Meitang politely declined on the grounds that he would not be an official.

three

Although Situ Meitang is in the United States, his heart is closely connected with the destiny of the motherland. In 1931, the "September 18th" Incident broke out, and Situ Meitang was distraught. After the outbreak of the Songhu War of Resistance, he was extremely excited about the 19th Route Army led by General Cai Tingkai to fight the war, and actively organized overseas Chinese donations to support. After learning that Chiang Kai-shek had deducted most of the donations, he was very angry. Later, when sending the money, he directly indicated that General Cai Tingkai "personal collection".

In 1933, Cai Tingkai was forced to go into exile in the United States after the failure of the Fujian Incident against Chiang Kai-shek. After Situ Meitang learned about it, he led more than 3,000 overseas Chinese and more than 300 cars to meet at the New York docks. At that time, Kuomintang agents operating in the United States bought the killer and prepared to wait for the opportunity to assassinate Cai Tingkai while traveling around the country. In response, Situ Meitang assigned a defense mission to Brother Hongmen in major cities in the United States.And solemnly stated in the newspaper: "Whoever dared to touch General Cai a vellus hair, pound the murderer into meat sauce on the spot!" He is Yang Hucheng. After the Xi’an Incident , General Yang Hucheng was forced to come to New York, USA. Situ Meitang once again launched a warm welcome and hospitality among overseas Chinese. Yang Hucheng told Situ Meitang the cause and course of the Xi'an Incident, and introduced the Chinese Communist Party's anti-Japanese national united front policy, which gave Situ Meitang an "insight into the general trend" of domestic politics. When he learned that Chiang Kai-shek had sent a large number of special agents to kill Yang Hucheng, he was extremely indignant and asked Anliangtang's brothers to protect General Yang until they sent Yang Hucheng aboard to London, and the two cherished their goodbyes.

Yang Hucheng

four

After the war broke out, Situ Meitang initiated the establishment of the "New York Overseas Chinese Anti-Japanese National Salvation Fund Raising Association" and continued to mobilize overseas Chinese to donate money to support the war. In order to devote himself to the sacred cause of the war of resistance in the motherland, Situ Meitang resolutely resigned from all positions and was specifically responsible for the work of the "Rate Raising Association". He went to work at 10 a.m. and ended at 12 midnight. He worked thirteen or four hours a day, rain or shine.

According to statistics, the "Rate Raising Association" hosted by Situ Meitang totaled US$14 million in donations. Situ Meitang himself was one of the 17 overseas Chinese who made the most donations in New York at that time, and the Anliangtang led by him was also the one who made the most donations for the motherland in the New York Overseas Chinese Association. At the same time, he also secretly contacted the "League of Defense of China" led by Soong Ching Ling , and funded part of the donations of overseas Chinese in the Americas to the Eighth Route Army and the New Fourth Army.

In October 1941, the War of Resistance Against Japan entered a stalemate. In order to perform his duties, Situ Meitang, who was selected as a national sectarian, decided to take the risk of returning to China. However, when he arrived in Hong Kong, the Japanese army suddenly launched the Pacific War and marched in and occupied Hong Kong. After the fall of Hong Kong, Japanese troops stationed in Hong Kong and traitors hijacked Situ Meitang to the Japanese headquarters. The Japanese commander in Hong Kong, Yazaki, acted both softly and hard, forcing Situ Meitang to come forward and organize the local "Public Order Maintenance Committee" in Hong Kong and serve as its chairman.

Faced with this life-and-death decision, Situ Meitang resolutely rejected Yazaki's request. A few days later, with the secret help of Hongmen patriots and my Eighth Route Army in Hong Kong, Situ Meitang and his son Situ Zhu left Hong Kong in disguise, and the sinister plan of the Japanese army finally fell through.

After Situ Meitang escaped from danger, he passed through Huizhou, Shaoguan, and Guilin, and arrived in Chongqing in February 1942. On the way, Situ Meitang saw shocking scenes in the Kuomintang Control Area:

"On the way from eastern Guangdong to northern Guangdong, I saw a group of young people with torn clothes and yellow faces, tied up with ropes and held by KMT officers. Escorted away. A dozen pairs of ears were hanging from the tip of an officer's gun. I was so surprised that I found out that these young people were arrested'strong men'. When he died, his ears were cut off as evidence when he reported to his superiors that he had captured the number of'strong men'. This is truly a brutal act that exterminates humanity!"

Another incident witnessed by Situ Meitang made him very angry. ：

"At that time, people often lost three or four-year-old children in Chongqing. One day, a woman lost a child in the morning, found it at noon, and was carried on a stranger's body, but the clothes could still be recognized. The mother went up to ask for the child, but the man refused to give it and wanted to escape. The mother desperately snatched the child back. Her body was cold and her face was white. The child was killed, and his belly was cut open. There was a large package of morphine inside! There was a spy organization. A group that traffics in morphine and opium, in order to conceal the eyes and ears of another group of spies on the checkpoint, and to make them monopolize their own interests, they specially catch children, hide drugs in their bodies and smuggle them after death."

In addition, Situ Meitang also learned that Chiang Kai-shek’s "planetary offering and birthday celebration" activity in 1936 was nothing but a scam. The American overseas Chinese saved money and donated money with blood and sweat instead of buying airplanes for the anti-Japanese war. Instead, they went into private pockets. Hearing and witnessing gave Situ Meitang a clear understanding of the corruption of the Kuomintang.

After Chiang Kai-shek learned that Situ Meitang arrived in Chongqing,In order to win him over, a large number of Kuomintang officials such as Wu Tiecheng and Chen Lifu were sent to the airport to greet him. The Chiang Kai-shek and his wife even met Situ Meitang three times and gave him the "special honor" that he must be greeted when he visits, and supported when he comes out. What disappointed Chiang Kai-shek was that when he asked Situ Meitang to join the Kuomintang and serve in the National Government, Situ Meitang flatly refused.

Situ Meitang was extremely disappointed with the Kuomintang Chiang Kai-shek, and through contact with Zhou Enlai and others, he deepened his understanding and understanding of the Chinese Communist Party. On the second day after Situ Meitang arrived in Chongqing, Zhou Enlai and Deng Yingchao visited him at the hotel and brought " Xinhua Daily " to let him understand the policies and propositions of the Communist Party. After some contact, Situ Meitang was convinced that the Communists were fighting bloody battles with the Japanese invaders, and that all the rumors and slanders of the Kuomintang against the Communist Party were all lies.

In February 1943, when Situ Meitang returned to the United States, Zhou Enlai went to see him off in person and asked him to tell the overseas Chinese of the importance of the anti-Japanese war in the motherland and the real situation of the anti-Japanese war. After Situ Meitang returned to the United States, he traveled to Cuba, Peru , Brazil, Panama , Canada and other countries, and reported the truth of the motherland's war to the Chinese nationals.

5

In March 1945, in order to better concentrate the strength of overseas Chinese, support the motherland’s war of resistance, and promote the development of domestic democratic politics, Situ Meitang hosted a conference in New York to honour the Americans. The public hall was reorganized into the "China Hongmen Zhi Gong Party".

In April 1946, Situ Meitang led 10 representatives of the American Hongmen Zhi Gong Party back to Shanghai, preparing to participate in the democratic political construction of the motherland. However, to his surprise, when he saw Chiang Kai-shek accompanied by Wu Tiecheng, Jiang, who was busy fighting the civil war, did nothing to him. Situ Meitang was very dissatisfied, and decided to ask Chiang Kai-shek for the $30,000 travel expenses he had entrusted to propagate overseas Chinese in America during the War of Resistance Against Japan.Chiang Kai-shek avoided seeing him and sent Wu Tiecheng to deal with it. Wu Tiecheng not only refused to pay the money face to face, but also arrogantly said: "The government's money cannot be used by foreign parties. You can form a party, but you can go to America to do it. Why do you want to come back!" Situ Meitang was furious after hearing this, and immediately used a cane. To fight Wu Tiecheng, but fortunately was stopped by everyone.

Soon, at the "Five Continents Hongmen Sentence Conference" held in Shanghai, Situ Meitang called on the Kuomintang to "return power to the people", but Zhao Yu, a Hongmen from America, went to the Kuomintang's unification side and supported it. Under another hill, the "China Hongmen Democratic Party" was established. Although Situ Meitang was selected as the unrealistic chairman, he knew that this was nothing more than a political scam, so he refused to show his refusal behind closed doors.

After all these twists and turns, Situ Meitang realized that the political " middle route " would not work: he wanted to cooperate with the Communist Party. With this determination, Situ Meitang became tough and announced that the representatives of overseas Chinese in the Americas withdrew from the National Assembly. When Chiang Kai-shek heard that he was anxious, he hurriedly asked Stuart , the then U.S. ambassador to China, to mediate.

Situ Leideng

Situ Leideng said to Situ Meitang: I have lived in China for 50 years and understand the feelings of the Chinese people. I am more of a "half Chinese" rather than an American. You are on the contrary. Although you are Chinese, you can be regarded as "half American" after living in the United States for more than 60 years. Today, Stuart Leideng dared to retain your "half American" Hongmen old overseas Chinese with the qualifications of "half Chinese".

Situ Meitang was very upset when he heard this: Mr. Ambassador said it well. I did live in the United States for more than 60 years, but I am not a "half American", I am a pure Chinese... We overseas Chinese are in the United States. Too much anger... If the Americans sincerely assist China, we are very grateful. However, the United States is committed to starting a civil war in China. This is not aid. If this continues, China will not die in Japan but may die in the United States. The meeting between the two Situ finally broke up unhappy.

Chiang Kai-shek can't make a plan and make a living, please go to the Shanghai Youth Gang leader Du Yuesheng. Du Yuesheng repeatedly persuaded him and threatened: "Old Situ, the National Congress representative is nominated by Chairman Chiang, he let you be the case, Chiang Kai-shek is not easy to provoke."Situ Meitang waved his stick on the spot to beat the crime, and shouted: "I Situ Meitang is not appropriate, tell someone Jiang, is Situ Meitang easy to provoke!" In a fit of anger, Situ Meitang left for Shanghai. Hong Kong, completely broke with Chiang Kai-shek.

六

In 1948, after the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China issued the "May Day" slogan, Situ Meitang, who had been silent for a year, held a press conference at the Jianguo Hotel in Hong Kong and publicly stated that the current domestic situation is great. It’s clear at a glance who is patriotic and loves the country, and who is damaging the country and the people!”

On October 18, on the eve of Situ Meitang’s departure from Hong Kong and returning to the United States, Situ Meitang signed the "Statement of Situ Meitang Supporting the Communist Party of China in Convening the New Chinese People’s Political Consultative Conference" and agreed to be treated. After arriving in the United States, he issued a statement in various newspapers in Hong Kong, reprimanding "Chiang Kai-shek for playing conspiracy, treachery, dictatorship, disregarding democracy, tearing through the CPPCC agreement with one hand, and instigating a civil war against the Communist Party. Meitang went to Hong Kong in anger and looked upon Chiang Kai-shek. Such as Kou Qiu". On October 23, Situ Meitang wrote "A Letter of Tribute to Chairman Mao", expressing his sincere acceptance of the leadership of the Communist Party of China. When the New Political Consultative Conference will be opened and when the New Political Consultative Conference will be opened, he will immediately return to China to participate.

On January 20, 1949, Chairman Mao personally called Situ Meitang and invited him to participate in the New Political Consultative Conference. After Situ Meitang received the invitation, he decided to leave for his country immediately. After the news came out, Kong Xiangxi , who had settled in the United States, came to visit him personally, urging him to consider carefully and avoid being used by others. Situ Meitang said: "Loyalty and patriotism, unity of loyalty, unity, and chivalry are the spirit of Hongmen. Nowadays, democratic and progressive groups and representatives of the whole country gather in Peiping to discuss with the CCP on the nation's founding plan. For such a national event, I Hongmen has escaped and refused to participate. The reason?"

On August 13, 1949, Situ Meitang left the United States by plane and arrived in Hong Kong. As soon as the plane landed, a police car came to "protect" it. In the next few days, no matter where Situ Meitang went, there were always people "standing guard" around him. Even when they went to the teahouse to drink tea, there were also people "accompanying" at the opposite table. Situ Meitang later recalled wittily: "I remember that car that was very careful to'protect' my half-month car, the number plate is 8692."

On August 28, Situ Meitang made careful arrangements in our party. Go down and board the "Yueyang" wheel of Swire of ,Formally leave Hong Kong and head north. As soon as he arrived in Peking, Chairman Mao decided to meet him at Xiangshan Shuangqing Villa . Because of the steep slope there, the car can't get up. Every time guests visiting Chairman Mao, they get off at Xiangshan Ci Kindergarten and change to jeep to drive up.

Chairman Mao considered that Mr. Situ was too old and could not stand the bumps of the jeep, so he ordered the guards to prepare a stretcher and go to the bottom of the slope to pick him up. The guards could not find a ready-made stretcher for a while, so Mao Zedong gave them an idea to tie two wooden sticks on both sides with his rattan lounge chair to make an artificial sedan chair. Before leaving, Chairman Mao also especially urged the comrades who were going downhill to lift the sedan chair lightly, walk along with it, and be steady. When Situ Meitang was lifted up the mountain lightly by the guards, Chairman Mao had already stood at the door to greet him, and he personally helped the old man "get off the sedan chair."

Chairman Mao’s enthusiasm and approachability are in sharp contrast to Chiang Kai-shek’s arrogance and disrespect. Situ Meitang expressed his gratitude and respect to Chairman Mao. Chairman Mao said: "We will work together for a long time in the future. We are both sedan chairmen and sedan chairmen. Every patriotic man with lofty ideals can participate in the work of the people's government with his own expertise. Dutiful and responsible, we must also have powers." Chairman Mao's words deeply moved Situ Meitang, and he was determined to make his due contribution to the construction of New China.

Seven

On September 21, the first plenary session of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference opened, and Situ Meitang made a speech at the conference. On the 26th, Premier Zhou and Lin Boqu jointly invited twenty or thirty Xinhai elders, including Situ Meitang, who were over seventy years old, to hold a luncheon at the Six Nations Hotel in Dongjiaomin Lane to listen to opinions on the national title of New China.

Premier Zhou said in a straightforward manner:

"All the elders invited to the meeting today are the elders from the Revolution of 1911.... There is an old saying in our country, "Just teach the elders", and this is the case today.When discussing the three major documents, you see that under the country name “People’s Republic of China” in the " Common Program", there is a bracket called “Republic of China” for short. There are two different opinions on this abbreviation, some say Okay, some say it is unnecessary. The Standing Committee specially asked me to ask my seniors to see if I have any ideas. The old predecessors may have some old feelings about the four words "Republic of China".

Huang Yanpei was the first to speak, saying: "Because the people are backward in education, they are used to using the'Republic of China' emotionally. Once it is changed, it will cause unnecessary disgust. It is very necessary to leave an abbreviation. The CPPCC is held every three years, and after three years, we will get rid of it again. "He Xiangning continued his speech and agreed.

Situ Meitang stood up and said:

"I am a participant in the Revolution of 1911. I respect Mr. Sun Yat-sen, but I absolutely cannot speak of the word'Republic of China'. No good feelings. The reason is that the Republic of China has nothing to do with the people. In the twenty-two years, Chiang Kai-shek and the CC faction caused anger and resentment. It was really heartbreaking... As the old saying goes: if the name is not correct, the words will not go well, and the words will not be good if they are not good. It is still called the Republic of China, so why tell the people all over the world? We seem to be sneaking in. The revolution won, and we dare not even change the national title. I firmly oppose the abbreviation, and I firmly advocate the use of the People's Republic of China in a fair and honest manner!

On September 27, the first plenary meeting of the Chinese People’s Political Consultative Conference decided to remove the abbreviation of “Republic of China” after considering the opinions of all parties. As a member of the Panel, he wanted to settle in Hong Kong or the United States. After Premier Zhou tried his best to stay, Situ Meitang finally settled down in an antique courtyard house at No. 83 Beichizi, Beijing. The 69-year life in the United States has truly returned to the embrace of the motherland.

On May 8, 1955, 87-year-old Mr. Situ Meitang suffered a cerebral hemorrhage and died in Beijing for a long time. Premier Zhou himself presided over the ceremony for him.He was buried in the Babaoshan Revolutionary Cemetery.

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