引言
Qin Shihuang is a legendary figure in Chinese history. He was the first emperor of China, the founder of the emperor's title, and the first person who brought China into the era of centralized monarchy. His actions have played an indelible key role in the unification of China, the establishment of China's political system, the establishment of China's territory, and the inheritance of the Chinese nation. It has had an inestimable and far-reaching impact on future China and the world. . But since ancient times, Qin Shihuang has always been a controversial figure. Those who praise him call him "one emperor of the ages", and those who destroy him call him a dictatorship "a generation of tyrants."
After Qin Wangzheng first established the world, he believed that the previous titles such as "jun" and "king" were not enough to demonstrate his merits and respect, so he ordered the ministers to discuss the title. Known as "Emperor", from then on, "Emperor" has become the exclusive title of the supreme ruler of Chinese imperial autocratic society.
Qin Shihuang became the first emperor in Chinese history and called himself the "First Emperor". "Shi" means the beginning and the first time. Qin Shihuang hopes that the throne will be passed on to his descendants after his death. Successors have been known as "the second emperor" and "the third emperor", and even passed on forever. "Historical Records: Qin Shihuang Benji": "I am the first emperor. The following generations are counted. The second and third generations will be passed on infinitely."
Has Qin Shihuang's wish come true? Of course not, this is something that has already happened in history. Let's take a look at the descendants of Emperor Shi Huang.
According to historical records such as "Historical Records" and "Qin Hui Yao" by Sun Kai of the Qing Dynasty, there are about 28 children of Qin Shihuang:
18 princes, but only four princes left their names: Ying Fusu (eldest son), Gongzigao (ying high),
Gongzi Jianglu (ying Jianglu), Ying Huhai (eighteenth son, known as the youngest son in history, that is Qin II)
皇女:十All daughters are called princesses, but the title and name, order of birth, etc. are unknown.
Grandson: Qin III Ying Ziying (also known as Qin Ziying): Fusu's eldest son and grandson of Qin Shihuang
What is the fate of these descendants of Qin Shihuang? ? Let's take a closer look.
After Qin Shihuang unified the six countries, he made five parades. At the end of 211 BC (October, 36th year of Qin Shihuang), Qin Shihuang made his fifth parade. When Qin Shihuang arrived at Pingyuanjin in the lower reaches of the Yellow River, he suddenly fell seriously ill. The officials knew that Qin Shihuang was taboo of the word "death", so he dared not talk about death, but Qin Shihuang's condition had not improved.
In 210 BC (July, 37th year of Qin Shihuang), Qin Shihuang passed away on the sand dune platform.
李斯
Prime Minister Li Si was worried about the changes in the world, so he decided to keep it secret, and put the coffin in the cold car. Due to the sweltering heat, Qin Shihuang's body had begun to smell. To cover people's eyes and ears, Hu Hai and his entourage ordered a stone of abalone to be installed in the car. The smell of abalone covered the rancid smell of the corpse to confuse everyone.
Zhao Gao and Li Si went through a conspiracy in the Julu Dune Palace (now Xingtai, Hebei), and claimed that Li Si had accepted the edict from the first emperor and named Hu Hai as the crown prince, ready to succeed.
At the same time, Hu Hai and Zhao Li forged another edict together, sealed the emperor's seal, and sent them to Fusu and Meng Tian guarding at the northern border. The false decree accused Fusu and Meng Tian of defending the border for more than ten years, not only failed to make military merits, but repeatedly criticized the government, using slanderous language to criticize the emperor. Fusu was even more resentful day and night for not being able to return to the capital to be the prince. Therefore, the sword was given to help Su, so that he would kill himself. Meng Tian did not persuade Fusu's behavior, which was in fact unfaithful to the emperor and made him suicide.
Fusu read the edict and prepared to commit suicide in tears. Meng Tian persuaded him to appeal to the emperor. If it was indeed the emperor’s order, it would not be too late to die. Fusu treated Meng Tian Said: "The father let the son die, what else can I complain about?" Then he committed suicide. Meng Tian refused to commit suicide, so the messenger ordered the lawman to throw him into YangZhou's prison.
After returning to Xianyang, Zhao Gao and Li Si adopted the son Hu Hai as the emperor, for Qin II, while Fusu and Meng Tian both died because of Zhao Gao and Li Si pretending to be the order of Emperor Qin Shihuang. This opened the way to kill the descendants of Qin Shihuang.
After Hu Hai became the second emperor, he was cruel and inhuman to other brothers and sisters. Qin II killed his brothers and sisters for his evil deeds. Sima Qian has several records in "Records of the Historian", and the number is slightly contradictory.
秦二世胡海
"Historical Records · Qin Shihuang Benji Sixth" records that six sons were killed in Duyou (now east of Xianyang, Shaanxi).
"Historical Li Si Biography 27th" records that twelve sons were tortured to death in Xianyang and their corpses were left in the city; ten princesses were tortured by splitting their limbs and died in Duyou. The execution is so cruel and appalling!
Gongzi Jianglu and the other three are also Hu Hai’s elder brothers. They are more stable and low-key than the other brothers. Hu Hai put the three of them in the inner palace and waited to kill the other brothers before convicting them. Later, the second generation sent an envoy to General Lu announced that the three had committed the crime of denial and should be executed. The three sons were forced to commit suicide.
Stills
Gong Zi Gao saw the tragic end of your brothers and sisters, and knew that he would inevitably die. I want to escape, but I am afraid that my family will be captured after the escape. So Shangshu II asked for his father to be buried at the foot of Lishan. The Emperor II and Zhao Gao were very happy and gave him 100,000 money to bury him.
So far, Hu Hai's brother and sisters have been killed by him.
Hu Hai not only massacred his own brothers and sisters, but also purged and killed the ministers appointed by the emperor. Meng Tian and Meng Yi were forced to commit suicide. The right prime minister Feng Quji and General Feng Jie committed suicide to avoid humiliation. Li Si was "five-punished", that is, cruelly executed with five penalties.
赵高
On the one hand, Zhao Gao instigated King II to kill his brothers and sisters and ministers of the first emperor. On the other hand, he was authoritarian and chaotic, and he was always willing to usurp the throne. In the last years of the Second World, the world was in chaos, Chen Sheng and Wu Guang rose up, Liu Bang and Xiang Yuxiong looked at the world. In 207 BC, Hu Hai was forced to commit suicide in Wangyi Palace by Zhao Gao's confidant Yan Le. He died at the age of 24. He was emperor for only three years.
So far, Qin Shihuang's 18 princes and 10 princesses have all died.
After Qin Ershi Hu Hai was killed, Zhao Gao supported Fusu's son Ziying ascended the throne. Soon, according to Zhao Gao's suggestion, Ziying abolished the title of Emperor Qin, and was known as Prince Qin in history. Ziying reigned only 46 days. Five days after Ziying succeeded to the throne, he learned that Zhao Gao had a secret agreement with the Chu army and intended to kill all the Qin Dynasty clan. Ziying acted first, killing Zhao Gao and punishing his tribe. More than forty days later, Liu Bang took the lead in entering the pass. Ziying tied himself with a rope, and brought the jade seal and soldier charms to surrender Liu Bangjun. The Qin Dynasty officially ended at the moment when Ziying surrendered. Liu Bang put Ziying under the supervision of his subordinates. Soon, Xiang Yu led the Chu army to Guanzhong. Liu Bang avoided Xiang Yu's sharp edge and retreated.
Stills
西楚霸王项羽
After entering Xianyang City, Xiang Yu immediately killed Qin Wang Ziying and Qin princes' clan, and proceeded throughout the city. massacre. Hundreds of years of the Qin Dynasty and the fourteen years of the Qin Dynasty have all been destroyed by Xiang Yu.
Qin Wangzheng has been the first emperor since he became the first emperor. He thought about passing the country to his descendants every day and night, and he never thought that the Qin Dynasty would die in only fourteen years. Twenty-eight children and several grandchildren all died just three years after his death.
After the death of Qin, no one has come out to claim that he is the descendant of Qin Shihuang.
There is no grandson of Emperor Qin in the world!
