Since Timur, the king of Central Asia, died on the march of the Ming Dynasty in 1405 AD, the powerful Timur Empire also began to decline. In the early 16th century, the Timur Empire was invaded by the Uzbeks Declared annihilation. However, the demise of the empire does not mark the demise of the Timur family. Babur, Timur's descendant, went to India after losing the land in Central Asia and established the last feudal dynasty in Indian history-the Mughal Empire.
In addition to being the founding monarch of the Mughal Empire, Babur is also a very educated master of Chagatai. His poetry is also very beautiful. His cousin Mir Zaha Heidar once believed that Babur was second only to Alisir in poetry, and Alisir was the greatest poet in Central Asia at that time. In addition, Babur wrote a book called "The Memoirs of Babur". This book written in diary form is one of the most important materials for studying the history of Central Asia and India in that era.
And when I read "The Memoirs of Babur" for the first time, I was attracted by the first character introduced in this book, and this character is Babur's father, his name is Umar Shah Black Mirza. On pages 10 to 21 of this book, Babur gave a detailed introduction to his father Umar’s character, life and family background. Although the content is not too much, but Babur can use his own language Art, vividly let readers know a nobleman in Central Asia named Umar.
Since Umar is a very ambitious and highly successful monarch, he often tries to plunder the territory of other countries. He led an army to attack Samarkand several times, sometimes failed and sometimes forced to retreat. He asked his father-in-law Yunus Khan to come to Fergana more than once, and every time he gave Yunus Khan some land, but sometimes because Umar was surly, sometimes because the Mogul people were unwilling to settle, Yu Nuth Khan's people finally returned to their hometown.
The above paragraph is the first paragraph of Babur’s description of his father Umar in his memoirs. From this text, it can be seen that Umar is not an excellent monarch. Babur is right My father's evaluation is also objective. The Yunus Khan mentioned by Babur is the monarch of the Eastern Chagatai Khanate. He is a descendant of Genghis Khan and Babur’s grandfather. Umar fought against Yunus Khan in the early years, but was defeated and captured. . Later, in order to win over Timur's descendants, Yunus Khan released Umar and married his second daughter, Kutruk, to Umar, who was the mother of Babur.
Umar’s birthplace, Samarkand
When Umar became Yunus Khan’s son-in-law, he often asked his father-in-law, Yunus Khan, for help after starting a war or losing a war. Ciyu Nus Khan led his army to help Umar, and Umar would give his father-in-law some land. Obviously Babur is dissatisfied with his father’s behavior. Umar always destroys family and friendship in order to fight for land, and most of the targets Umar attacked are his own brothers, who are descendants of Timur, he asks His father-in-law Yunuth Khan came to help and gave the land to the Mughal people, which meant he was suspected of abandoning the Timur family.
Umar was born in Samarkand in 1456 AD. His great-grandfather was Timur's third son Milansha, and his father was the seventh ruler of the Timurid Empire, Bethan. After Umar grew up, his father Buzain gave him the land of Fergana. Umar became the monarch of Fergana. During the rule of Umar, he launched three large-scale wars, two of which were It ended in failure. Although Umar's character is very happy, he also has many good qualities. He is a generous and fair monarch. He once got the cargo from the caravan in a snowstorm, and then gave the cargo to the victim intact. Family.
According to Babur's account, Umar has a short stature, white face and round beard. He often wears tight-fitting jackets, his belt is very tight, and his abdomen is tied up so that when he relaxes, he often breaks the belt. And Umar can also be regarded as some culture, he often reads books andHe wrote poems, but the poems he created cannot be compared with Babur, so that Babur once commented on his father's poetic attainments: "He has the ability to write poetry, but he is not poetic."
In Umar’s life, he married a total of seven wives and concubines. Some of Umar’s seven wives and concubines were married to other big families, such as Babur’s mother Kutruk. Because of the marriage between the Timur family and the Genghis Khan family, he married Umar. Some of Umar’s wives and concubines were pursued by Umar because of his beauty. Perhaps before Umar was fat, he was also a handsome man who was also favored by girls, but Even if Umar is not a beautiful man, his aristocratic status can attract countless women.
When mentioning his father's "love", Babur once commented: "He is lustful and often troubled by love". 乌马拉 has been fighting for land all his life. Most of his wives were married because of marriage. Maybe there are many wives he doesn’t like. He keeps marrying new wives and concubines, which may also make Umar I don’t know who I love . Moreover, Umar, who has seven wives, has to be jealous of the conflicts between his wives. These problems also make him often unhappy.
And Umar also loves life very much. In his early years, he liked to drink, but he often went crazy after getting drunk. Perhaps when he was drunk, Umar would often frighten the young Babur. Umar also likes to hunt and raise pigeons, and his death is also related to those pigeons. There is a castle called Ahexiban in the fief of Umar. This castle is built on a cliff, 乌马尔 likes to The castle raised pigeons. As a result, on June 8th, 1494, Ahesi Castle suffered a landslide. Umar and the pigeons he raised died in the ruins at the age of 39.
Reference material: "The Memoirs of Babur"
