Since the Battle of Chibi, there have been many conflicts between Sun Quan and Liu Bei over the Jingzhou issue. Sun Quan has always wanted to take back the land in Jingzhou that he had seized after the Battle of Chibi, but Liu Bei has been procrastinating with excuses. He has the style of a modern old man. In the end, Sun Quan was forced to rush and immediately sent troops to rob Jingzhou.
1. The question of the ownership of Jingzhou can be said to have been controversial. In the turbulent era of the Three Kingdoms, it is nothing more than three methods to determine who a region belongs to:
Official officials directly appointed by the imperial court: the late Eastern Han Dynasty The Emperor of Han Dynasty accepted the suggestion of Liu Yan from the clan family and replaced the governor with Zhou Mu, and Liu Biao was assigned to Jingzhou Mu and was responsible for managing the Jingzhou area;
was defeated by the general himself and was appointed by the court: in the Cao Wei Dynasty Before the Han Dynasty, although the local military commanders had no loyalty to the court, they still had to do superficial effort. Therefore, it often happened that after the local separatist forces captured the state and counties, they had to submit a letter and report to the court, and the court issued a report. The commission can only govern the place where you have beaten it;
cuts first and then plays, and force the court to agree. The most important point of this approach is that it must be approved by the local people and surrounding forces, so that you can sit firmly in the place. Sit for a long time. If
follows the first method, then Jingzhou should belong to Cao Cao, after all, he represents the Eastern Han Dynasty court at that time, and Cao Ren, the general of the Zhengnan appointed by Cao Cao, is the actual administrator of Jingzhou. Fu Yiren went to conquer the south general, Jiajie, Tunfan, Zhenjingzhou. If
follows the second method, Jingzhou should belong to Liu Bei, because at that time, in the content of the Sun Liu alliance, the most important point was: Liu Bei and Sun Quan went to the court to recommend each other to get the court’s approval, and Liu Bei was just right. Was recommended as Jingzhou Mu. Liu Bei was a general riding a bicycle and led Xuzhou pasture. Prepare to lead Jingzhou animal husbandry and station public security. Even if
is based on the third method, that is, from the perspective of Jingzhou people, Jingzhou should be Liu Bei. He has been in Jingzhou for seven years, and Sun Quan and Jingzhou Liu Biao have a lot of grievances and appeals. In terms of centripetal force, Sun Quan is completely inferior to Liu Bei. There are more and more Jingzhou heroes returning to the ancestors...Cong around and more Jingzhou people return to the ancestors.
So no matter which way it is looked at, Jingzhou has nothing to do with Sun Quan. How can it be said that "Jingzhou was originally Sun Quan". In fact, Sun Quan didn't want the entire Jingzhou, but the lifeblood of Jingzhou: Nanjun, because Zhou Yu hit Cao Ren head-to-head in this place, and even suffered an arrow injury and died young.
2. Compared with Jingzhou as a whole, Sun Quan values Nanjun more, especially Jiangling. Similarly, Liu Bei and Cao Cao are the same
. Nanjun is one of the seven counties of Jingxiang. It is located in the middle of the Yangtze River, with the city of Jiangling and Baidi City. , Xiangyang, Yiling, etc., are located in the four wars, with developed waterway traffic. During the period of the Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms, the Gao clan Nanping Kingdom occupied Jiangling City, continuously intercepting and killing the envoys sent by the southern countries to the Northern Five Dynasties, and harvesting their tribute.
Jingnan is narrow and weak, between Wu and Chu, it is a small country. Since Wu proclaimed himself the emperor, the Southern Han, Fujian, and Chu all worship Liang Zhengshuo, and they all follow Jingnan. Ji Xing and Cong Kuo often invite their envoys and plunder them.
And the most important place in Jiangling in the South County, the city is high and the river is deep, and it is also the important place for capital in the Liubiao period. Its east can flow down to the hinterland of Jiangdong.
There is a Yidao to the west, which is the main way to enter Shu, and the famous Yiling battle took place here.
To the north is Nanyang County, which is guarded by Cao Ren, with Han River and Mian Shui flowing through it. This is the most important way to send troops to the Northern Expedition. In Zhuge Liang's "Longzhong Pairs", there is "to use Jingzhou as a teacher to Xiangwan and Luo". To the south of
are the vast Jingnan and Jiaozhou regions, which are a good logistics supply base and a direction for the expansion of living space. The strategic location of Jiangling is extremely important. Once acquired, it will not only obtain a front-line base, which can advance and retreat and defend, but also can suppress the entire Jingnan in the geographical situation. According to the records, Cao Cao, Liu Bei, and Sun Quan all had the situation of "Jing Nanping according to Jiangling". The capture of Jiangling is equivalent to the acquisition of five counties of Jingzhou (Nanjun, Guiyang, Lingling, Wuling, Changsha). ). Later, Liu Bei would rather cut off the land of three counties to Sun Quan in exchange for the recovery of Nanjun and exchange the three counties for one county. This transaction seems to be at a loss, but it is actually profitable.It also shows the importance of Jiangling.
During the Battle of Chibi, Jiangling was in Cao Ren's hands for a time, and Zhou Yu fought for a whole year before attacking. For Sun Quan, Jiangling City was originally his own, because Zhou Yu took it down after paying for his life. , But for Liu Bei, Jiangling City is also his own. After all, his identity is Jingzhou Mu, but Xiangyang, the governing office of Jingzhou in Liu Biao’s period, is in the hands of Cao Ren, so he can only govern Jingzhou at the mouth of the Youjiang River, as Jingzhou. Mulian doesn't even have a decent office space, which is really outrageous. At his request, Sun Quan would lend Nanjun to Liu Bei.
3. Originally, Southern County was shot by Zhou Yu. According to the rules of troubled times, it should belong to Sun Quan, but Sun Quan was too greedy. He wanted not a Southern County, but the entire Jingzhou, which made Liu Bei had to fight back
The situation in Jingzhou after the Battle of Chibi and before Liu Bei's three counties was: Cao Cao occupied Nanyang County and Xiangyang and Fancheng north of Nanjun, Liu Bei occupied the five counties of Jingzhou, including the capital of Jingzhou, the important town of Jiangling and Xiakou, the important town of Jiangxia, occupied by Sun Quan Most of the Jiangxia area. The distribution of
is a great disadvantage for Sun Quan. Regardless of whether it is Chibi or Nanjun, Jiangdong has contributed the most. Optimus Prime Zhou Yu even paid his life for this, but the result was the least territory, and Liu Bei also had it. The cost is not as much as Sun Quan’s, but the result is the most profitable. This is unjustifiable to the major shareholder Sun Quan anyway. That’s why he asked Liu Bei to return Jingzhou, and certainly not the entire Jingzhou. It was Nanjun that was beaten down by Zhou Yu that year.
But Liu Bei did not give it. The reason for not giving it is also very reasonable:
Jiangling is the governing office of Jingzhou and the political, economic, and military center of Jingzhou as a whole. If you return to the south, you must return to Jiangling. This is for Liu Bei who wants to expedite from Jiangling to the north. In other words, it is very difficult to let go;
Zhou Yu made the most effort in attacking Southern County, but Liu Bei also sent Zhang Fei to lead a thousand troops to assist, so Liu Bei also had the credit for taking the Southern County. It is said that Sun Quan needs to be given, unless it is divided into half or proportionately;
has been in Jingzhou for a long time, and the people of Jingzhou have long believed that Liu Bei is their governor. If Liu Bei rashly cede Nanjun out, this will definitely affect the Gang. Liu Bei, who established his great cause, and Liu Bei wanted to make it. Zhuge Liang and Pang Tong would make it? If there is another big move in Xinye, will Liu Bei accept it or not?
What's more, Sun Quan’s request for the return of Nanjun seems reasonable, but it is very scary to think about it:
First of all, Nanjun is the most important county among the seven counties of Jingzhou, and the return of Nanjun is by the way the Yidao and Linju. All the important roads for entering Shu are given to Sun Quan, and Liu Bei, who lives in Shu, is in danger;
has Nanjun to suppress Jingnan. If Liu Bei wants to control the taxation and military resources of the four Jingnan counties, he must pass through Sun Quan. For the Yidao, you have to go from Linyuan in Wuling County and enter Nanzhong first and then go to Chengdu against the current. The road is not long and it is easy to be attacked by Nanzhong tyrants;
, if you want to take the road Sun Quan, Who can guarantee that Sun Quan will not block the road and rob? Liu Bei knows how Cao Cao's father Cao Song died, and how troubled Xuzhou was. And even if this happens, should Liu Bei send troops? It may not be possible to send troops. If you do not send troops, you can only suffer from dumb losses;
In order to expand the country, Sun Quan attacked Jiaozhou in southern Jingzhou after the Battle of Chibi. He sent infantry birds to Jiaozhou and accepted Jiaozhou Assassin’s advice. Surrendered, killed Liu Bei's friend Wu Ju, and eradicated all Liu Bei's influence in Jiaozhou. If Nanjun were returned, Liu Bei's Jingnan four counties would be in jeopardy.
So it’s not that Liu Bei couldn’t see the seriousness of the Jingzhou problem, but that this is a deployment that requires a long-term plan. This is not something that can be resolved in a short while, but Liu Bei’s approach is seen in Sun Quan’s eyes. The excuse of non-repayment delay, and Liu Bei deliberately avoided meeting with Sun Quan after he went to Jiangdong to meet his wife. The two sides did not have a good time to discuss and negotiate. Only then did Sun Quan forcefully seize Jingzhou twice.
Summary: Jingzhou has not belonged to Sun Quan from the beginning. He was at most a prince who captured the southern county of Jingzhou by force. The ownership of Jingzhou as a whole is still debatable. It cannot be completely denied by the folk saying "Liu Bei borrows from Jingzhou". Liu Bei's position in Jingzhou andContributions made.
The reason why Liu Bei did not return to Nanjun was naturally due to the constraints of the situation at the time, which forced him to protect his vested interests by recklessness. This was Liu Bei’s mistake, but if it weren’t for Sun Quan’s step by step, it would be The sending of envoys is again strategically encircled. If the two parties can sit down and discuss it carefully, perhaps the situation of "crossing the river in white" will not break out.
Author/One Two and One Orange: Astronomy and geography, I don’t understand; ancient and modern, both at home and abroad, rely on blindness, mainly Baidu, and then random compilation, like to like!
