On September 9, 1976, Chairman Mao Zedong passed away. After learning the bad news, Shu Tong said sadly: "No matter what, if it weren't for him, we would still be exploring in the dark!" After saying that, he actually shed two lines of tears...
Shu Tong was not only Mao Zedong's revolutionary comrade-in-arms, but also because he was proficient in calligraphy, Mao Zedong regarded him as a "book friend". Their poetry and calligraphy interactions not only reflect the exchanges and exchanges between the two revolutionaries, but also reflect the smoke and clouds of the times, leaving countless good stories for future generations.
905, Shu Tong was born in Dongxiang County, Jiangxi Province. He started practicing calligraphy at the age of 6. At the age of 10, under the guidance of a former Qing scholar, he copied the fonts of famous artists such as Liu Gongquan and Yan Zhenqing , and gradually found his own style.
shutong
926, Shutong joined the Communist Party of China and became the founder of the local party organization in Dongxiang County. In 1930, Shu Tong was transferred to the Red Army team to engage in secretary and political work. Whenever he was fighting, he would devote himself to calligraphy research. Even during the march on horseback, he would use his right hand to make a move on his knees, so his pants were always the first to break at his knees. After a long time, everyone gave Shu Tong the nickname "Horse Calligrapher".
Once, Shu Tong used lime water to write many revolutionary slogans on the walls of the Soviet base area. After seeing this, Mao Zedong said to Zhu De: "Commander-in-Chief, come to see, but I didn't expect that our Red Army would have a calligrapher who wrote several fonts on the wall, but I don't know who it is?"
Zhu De said: "I know this person. He is the secretary of the Political Department of the Red Fourth Army, named Shu Tong. He is not simple. He graduated from Linchuan Normal School. I heard Ye Jianying say that in the summer of 1926, the Northern Expedition Army captured Fuzhou , the troops held a mass gathering. The banner of the 'Welcome the Mass Conference of the Northern Expedition Army' written by Shu Tong for the conference had aroused his great interest. "
Shu Tong's calligraphy works
1932 After the end of the Zhangzhou Battle , Shu Tong was ordered to participate in the cleaning of the battlefield and happened to meet Mao Zedong. Mao Zedong happily held Shu Tong's hand and said, "Young man, if I guessed correctly, you are Shu Tong! I have heard your name a long time ago."
Shu Tong said modestly, "It's far worse than you."
Mao Zedong said, "Where are where! In the future, we must learn and communicate with each other, we will be literary friends!"
The two walked and talked, and Mao Zedong was everywhere from bullet marks. He picked up a shell on the ground and said with a smile: "This is the yellow flower in the battlefield!"
Shu Tong smiled with emotion. He was moved by Mao Zedong's rich emotional world and such a magical metaphor. He thought of Mao Zedong once wrote a poem in 1929, which was called "yellow flower in the battlefield is particularly fragrant", but many commanders and soldiers understood "yellow flower" as chrysanthemum or cauliflower. Today, it seems that Chairman Mao has something else to say!
1935, after the Red Army arrived in northern Shaanxi, Shu Tong was transferred to the position of director of the Political Department of the Fourth Division of the Red First Army. In 1936, Yan'an founded " China Anti-Japanese Military and Political University ". The comrade in charge asked Mao Zedong to write the school card, but Mao Zedong was too busy at the time, so he said to the visitor: "You go and ask Shu Tong from the Red First Army to write it. His handwriting is well written, and I appreciate it."
In this way, Shu Tong was ordered to write the school card of "China Anti-Japanese Military and Political University" and also wrote the 8-word school motto of "unity, tension, seriousness, and liveliness" on both sides.
Shu Tong's school plaque "China Anti-Japanese Military and Political University"
Not long after, in order to unite the war of resistance, the Red Army decided to invite a former Qing Hanlin from Xunyi County, northern Shaanxi to serve as a senator in the border region, but he invited him several times, but he refused. His reason was: "It is good for the Communist Party, but they are all in the army and fight. They are not educated and cannot be discussed.”
Mao Zedong asked Shu Tong to write a letter to Xiao Zhibao in the name of the Central Committee, which promoted our party’s proposals for the united front of the anti-Japanese war. After reading the letter, Xiao Zhibao happily agreed to come out. He said: “This letter is not only beautifully written, but also has a better writing style than me. It is a talented Communist Party! "
From this we can see that Shu Tong not only has good calligraphy, but also has wonderful articles. Many important articles within the party and the army are written by him. For example, on September 17, 1939, Shu Tong published an article "A Letter to Donggen Kiichiro" in " Anti-Enemy Newspaper " in " Anti-Enemy Newspaper ", and you can see the unique momentum and literary talent of his writing. The beginning of the article is written as follows:
The two major ethnic groups in China and Japan stand tall in East Asia. If they help each other, they will coexist and prosper, and if they attack each other, they will both suffer losses. This is China and Japan. It is known to the people, but it is not noticed by the Japanese warlords.
At the end of the article, another topic was discussed:
, the old man is in a state of declining, acts rashly, harming others and oneself. Knowing this, the Japanese warlord fascist is not only the public enemy of the Chinese people, but also the public enemy of the Japanese people.
Shu Tong
Because Shu Tong's article is also well written, Mao Zedong once praised him and said, "Shu Tong is a talented man in the party and a pen within the party. "Ms. He Xiangning also commented: "The Kuomintang and the Communist Party have two pens. There is Yu Youren in the Kuomintang, and there is Shu Tong within the Communist Party. I like Shu Tong more. "
During the War of Liberation, Shu Tong went deep into the enemy camp many times and successfully instigated many uprisings such as the 46th Army, 96th Army and the Kuomintang Second Appeasement Zone. Not only did he accumulate rich experience in the enemy's work, but he also had a high prestige among senior Kuomintang generals. Therefore, when the central government was considering liberation of Taiwan, Mao Zedong decided that Shu Tong was the "Secretary of the Taiwan Provincial Party Committee under special circumstances", but because the Korean War broke out later, the plan to attack Taiwan had to be stranded.
After the founding of New China, Shu Tong served as member of the Standing Committee of the East China Bureau of the CPC Central Committee and Minister of Propaganda, and Director of the Political Department of the East China Military Region. In 1954, East China Bureau was abolished, and Mao Zedong called Shu Tong to Beijing and gave him two positions to choose from: one was the editor-in-chief of " People's Daily " and the other was the secretary of the Party Leadership Group of the Ministry of Culture. But Shu Tong did not go to Beijing in the end, but served as the first secretary of the Shandong Provincial Party Committee under the recommendation of Chen Yi .
However, in Mao Zedong's heart, he seemed to want to put Shu Tong on the propaganda front and give full play to his role as a "pend within the party". In 1958, the magazine " Red Flag " of the theoretical journal of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China was founded. The originally planned editorial committees were all leaders and theoretical experts working in Beijing. However, when the editorial boards reported to Mao Zedong, he personally added three first secretaries working outside, one of which was Shu Tong.
Mao Zedong and Shu Tong (left). 1)
Shu Tong was in Shandong, Mao Zedong visited Jinan many times. He did not stay in a hotel, but lived with Shu Tong in a house on the railway line. In addition to talking about work, the two talked about calligraphy, poetry, and sometimes traditional Chinese medicine.
Once, Mao Zedong and Shu Tong talked about calligraphy, and he said: "I like to collect your characters. Some people say that the character "Shu style" is "seven and a half minutes of calligraphy", that is, one point for regular, running, cursive, official, and seal script, one point for each Yan and Liu, and half points for each He Shaoji. Some calligraphers also comment that your font is "heavy and steep, and you can see the leisurely spirit in your unrestrained manner. Suddenly, it looks like a hero fighting a bull, and his muscles and bones emerge." I agree with all of these. ”
Shu Tong asked Mao Zedong: "Chairman, you are knowledgeable and must have collected a lot of calligraphy works by ancient people, right? Can you comment? ”
Mao Zedong smiled and said, “I have collected more than 600 rubbings and stone carvings, and have seen more than 400 kinds of inscriptions and calligraphy. I especially like Wang Xizhi , Wang Xianzhi posts running script , and Huaisu posts cursive script posts. Although the words "Qianlong " are everywhere, they have muscles but no bones, which I don't like. During the Qianlong period, Zhao Shu was advocated, and the representative figure was Zhang Zhao .The "Guange Style" formed during that period has different evaluations, and some people think that they have fallen into the dead end of calligraphy. "
Mao Zedong's words made Shu Tong suddenly enlightened and gained insight. Later, when he recalled the path of calligraphy he had taken, he always felt that Chairman Mao's words pointed out the direction for the development of his calligraphy.
Mao Zedong and Shu Tong
1 In the summer of 1957, when the Party Central Committee held a meeting on Qingdao , Mao Zedong accidentally caught a cold. In addition to the trouble of insomnia, the condition became increasingly serious. The accompanying health care doctor used Western medicine to treat it, but the effect was not good. After Shu Tong learned about it, he recommended a famous old Chinese doctor Liu Huimin to treat Mao Zedong. After Mao Zedong met Liu Huimin, he said humorously: "You are the one who is the one who is in the court! "
But Liu Huimin prescribed prescriptions mostly use more toxic medicinal materials that ordinary doctors dare not use. Mao Zedong's health care doctors and staff were very worried and disagree with him to take. Liu Huimin also had some concerns because of the seriousness. He repeatedly stated: "The prescription can be prescribed, but Secretary Shu's wife must go to the pharmacy with me to grab the medicine, decoct the medicine himself, and watch the chairman drink it in person. "
Shu Tong immediately said: "I have taken the medicine for treating colds by Dr. Liu, and it is indeed very effective. He asked my lover to decoct the medicine for the chairman, and I agree. In case of any problem, we are responsible for it. "
Finally, when the staff solicited Mao Zedong's opinions, he said humorously: "Comrade Shu Tong has guaranteed , I'm not afraid! "
So Shu Tong's wife personally took on the task of grabbing medicine, decocting medicine and feeding medicine for Mao Zedong. Liu Huimin's medicine was indeed effective. After only 3 days, Mao Zedong's cold was completely cured.
Shu Tong and his wife
But if you think about it carefully, the risk is still quite great. Tan Qilong, who was the secretary of the Secretariat of the Shandong Provincial Party Committee at the time, once said to Shu Tong: "You are so brave! ”
1958, the Central Committee held a working meeting in Chengdu, Sichuan. Mao Zedong asked Shu Tong at the meeting: "What other difficulties in Shandong need to be solved by the Central Committee? "
Shu Tong saw that Mao Zedong was so concerned about Shandong's development, so he took the courage to tell all the problems of Shandong's suffering from the war of resistance against Japan and the War of Liberation, making major sacrifices, weak industrial and agricultural foundations, shortage of financial funds, and still owing huge debts to the central government. His mentality at that time was: he was ready to be criticized.
Unexpectedly, after hearing this, Mao Zedong said to Li Xiannian, Vice Premier of the State Council in charge of central finance: "Comrade Xiannian, Comrade Shu Tong said they still owed the central government money, right? Shandong has made significant contributions and sacrifices to the liberation of the country. I think this money will be exempted from it! ”
Li Xiannian immediately expressed his opinion: “I agree with the Chairman’s opinion, one word: No! "
The first secretary of the Sichuan Provincial Party Committee, Li Jingquan, , heard that Shandong's debt was waived, and he became anxious on the spot. He quickly raised his hand and said, "Chairman, we Sichuan also have debts! "
Mao Zedong humorously stretched out 4 fingers and said, "It's a different matter! "
html In the late 160s, Shu Tong was also impacted. He wrote a long complaint to Mao Zedong. After reading it, Mao Zedong immediately instructed him: "Solve his problem." "But unfortunately, this instruction was not implemented.
During those difficult days, a book "Quotes from Chairman Mao" accompanied Shu Tong. Shu Tong once said to his driver: "Tell me which page and which section of Chairman Mao's quotations are all-round. "The driver said a casual page, and Shu Tong really recited it word by word.
After Mao Zedong's death, Shu Tong lived on a towering hillside of ancient cypresses in the West Mountain of Beijing. He was neighboring Mao Zedong's son Mao Anying, playing chess, chatting, or reading and writing alone. He often said: "Although Chairman Mao's calligraphy is not trained like a calligrapher, it is grand, vast and unrestrained. There are too many people nowadays that it is difficult to learn Huaisu well. It is not easy for Chairman Mao to do this."
Shu Tong practiced calligraphy in his later years
992, 87-year-old Shu Tong was admitted to Beijing 301 Hospital. His memory gradually declined, but he still recited Mao Zedong's poems from time to time when walking: "The sky is high and the clouds are light, and I look at the flying geese in the south..."
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