Before reading this article, please click "Follow" to facilitate discussion and sharing, but also bring you a different sense of participation. Thank you for your support!
On September 9, 1976, Chairman Mao passed away. On the same day, Xinhua News Agency issued a press release "Letter to the Whole Party, the Whole Army and the People of All Ethnicities in the Country" , announcing this sad news to the people of all ethnic groups in the country.
Chairman Mao
Afterward, the issue of how to deal with Chairman Mao’s body was also put on the agenda. In order for future generations to remember this great leader forever, someone proposed to build the Chairman Mao Memorial Hall and put Chairman Mao’s body in the memorial hall for future generations to admire. This not only conforms to Chairman Mao’s position as the great leader, but also allows more people to see Chairman Mao’s appearance with their own eyes. It is the best way to deal with it.
After this view was put forward, it was recognized by most people. Many people have even begun to plan the design and construction of Chairman Mao Memorial Hall. But at this moment, some people raised objections and opposed the construction of Chairman Mao Memorial Hall.
So, why are there anyone opposed the construction of Chairman Mao’s Memorial Hall? How was the Chairman Mao Memorial Hall later built?
Why do you object to
South of Chairman Mao’s Memorial Hall is Zhengyangmen , and north is Monument to the People’s Heroes . The distance between Memorial Hall is and the distance between Memorial Hall is 00 meters from Zhengyangmen and the People’s Heroes 2 meters, which is located on the same central axis as Zhengyangmen, People’s Heroes Monument, Tiananmen and other buildings.
pictures originated from the Internet
Before building the Chairman Mao Memorial Hall, this was originally the location of the original Beijing City Wall in the south exit of " Zhonghuamen " . In 1958, in "Top Ten National Day Projects" , ancient buildings such as Zhonghua Gate and Qipan Street were demolished, and since then it became an open space. 18 years later, it was used to build the Chairman Mao Memorial Hall. After the memorial hall was completed, it has stood there since then.
Now when people stand in front of the memorial hall to admire the tall memorial hall buildings, I wonder if someone had opposed the construction of the memorial hall back then?
Chairman Mao is one of the founders of the People's Republic of China, a great proletarian revolutionary, and an outstanding leader. The crystallization of wisdom of the whole party named after him is still shining brightly until now, guiding us forward. Therefore, it should be natural to build a memorial hall for it. Why did anyone object to it back then?
Chairman Mao (first right)
In the early morning of September 9, 1976, the great leader Chairman Mao passed away in Beijing. Since then, this great proletarian mentor has left us forever. On the same day, Xinhua News Agency issued a press release "Letter to the whole party, army and people of all ethnic groups in the country" , announcing the news to the whole world. When the people of the whole country heard the bad news, the whole country was mourning.
Afterward, the central government announced that Chairman Mao’s memorial activities would last for one week, during which time, 900 million people across the country observed silence for three minutes. The news spread across the country, and the whole of China stopped. When they heard the radio, whether it was the farmers working in the fields, the workers working in factories, or the pedestrians on the road, they all stood there in silence to mourn the great leader.
At the same time, amid the sobs of the people across the country, the Party Central Committee also established a funeral committee on the day of Chairman Mao’s death to be responsible for Chairman Mao’s funeral. After that, how to deal with Chairman Mao’s body became the first topic of discussion in the committee.
Chairman Mao
956, Chairman Mao once proposed that everyone should be cremated after their death, and not let "dead people compete with the living people for land", and was the first to take the lead in signing. Therefore, according to Chairman Mao’s wishes, Chairman Mao’s body should be cremated.
In addition, Chairman Mao also made specific arrangements for his burial location after his death. In a public speech, he once said that after his death, he would return to his roots and buried his ashes in his hometown of Shaoshan, Hunan. However, he went to Babaoshan Revolutionary Cemetery many times to choose a cemetery for himself.
But no matter what the instructions left by Chairman Mao during his lifetime, the body must be cremated, and there is no doubt. Therefore, some people proposed to follow Premier Zhou's body treatment method. During his lifetime, Premier Zhou asked him to cremate his body after his death and sprinkle the ashes into the mountains and rivers of the motherland. After Premier Zhou's death, Deng Yingchao and others followed his instructions and sprinkled the ashes into the land of the motherland.
Prince Zhou
Therefore, in the eyes of many people, it is most suitable to deal with Premier Zhou's body. This not only respects Chairman Mao's wishes, but also allows Chairman Mao to live with the mountains and rivers, and to be with the sun and the moon, and always be with the people. However, the central government quickly made a decision: to preserve Chairman Mao’s body and build a memorial hall.
Since this decision violated the Chairman's wishes during his lifetime, many people opposed the practice of building a memorial hall for Chairman Mao and retaining his body.
But the construction of the memorial hall was the result of discussion after several discussions by the central government. The reason was that when Chairman Mao was born, the Qing Dynasty was still surviving, and after the establishment of the Republic of China, warlord melee began. Under the leadership of Chairman Mao, China came out of an era of warlord melee and dark oppression, and established a new China where the people were masters of their own.
Chairman Mao
It can be said that Chairman Mao led the Chinese people from night to day. He was like the red sun in the horizon in the hearts of the people, and people entrusted their firm belief in communism in him. Therefore, given the status of Chairman Mao in the minds of the people, the central government decided to keep the body for future generations to commemorate and pay tribute to them.
For this reason, someone has an image profile: Chairman Mao’s body “Rivers, lakes and seas cannot accommodate them, and three mountains and five mountains cannot support them” . Therefore, the most appropriate way is to establish a memorial hall and place the president's body in the memorial hall for people to pay homage.
This practice of preserving the body has been a long time. After the death of the first Soviet leader, Lenin , the body was placed in crystal coffin . The successor Stalin followed this practice after his death. The body was still preserved after his death, and the crystal coffin was placed in hang with Lenin.
Stalin
However, the experts in charge of the body preservation project were in trouble when they heard about this task.
Crystal Coffin and Memorial Hall
After receiving the task of preserving the body, the expert group responsible for preserving the body first conducted research on relevant foreign cases, but the results of the research made them feel stressed.
Due to the limitations of the times, the technology for preserving the remains was still very immature at that time. The bodies of leaders of socialist countries such as Lenin, Stalin, and Ho Chi Minh, were preserved in crystal coffins after their deaths. However, the crystal coffin can only slow down the decay and cannot completely eliminate the use of time.
So, after Lenin's death, the ears, noses, etc. in his body fell off one after another. In order not to affect the appearance, he had to use wax parts instead. But as time passed, and the influence of the migration of the crystal coffin during World War II later, Lenin's body gradually had only one head left and continued to decline.
Lenin
Although the body of Ho Chi Minh in Vietnam was preserved very successfully, it is also temporary. There are reports that the body of Ho Chi Minh began to decline after being placed in the crystal coffin for 7 years. When Chinese experts asked about the preservation method, the other party was silent and refused to disclose it at all.
So, Chinese experts had to study the preservation method themselves and focused on crystal coffin . After day and night research and repeated experiments by Beijing 608 factory experts, was finally made before the completion of the Chairman Mao Memorial Hall. The only crystal coffin in the world with a purity of 9.9999%. Since then, no one can produce such a huge and high-purity artificial crystal.
And during the development of the crystal coffin, Chairman Mao’s Memorial Hall was also under intense construction.
Less than a week after Chairman Mao’s death, more than 40 architectural and art workers from all over the country rushed to Beijing to select a site for Chairman Mao’s Memorial Hall and design an architectural plan.
pictures originated from the Internet
But at the beginning, it was not yet clear how to deal with Chairman Mao’s body, so all the drawings designed by the design team members at the beginning were mausoleum drawings. On October 8, 1976, the Central Committee officially made the decision to establish the Chairman Mao Memorial Hall, and announced that after the memorial hall was completed, Chairman Mao's body would be buried in the crystal coffin. After receiving the notice, the original "Mausoleum Design Group" was immediately renamed "Memorial Hall Design Group" , and the original design drafts were all pushed down.
At the same time, the central government also called on architects and art workers across the country to participate in the design of the mausoleum. After the call was issued, the design plan for Chairman Mao’s Memorial Hall flew into Beijing like snowflakes, and more than 600 design plans were collected in less than a week.
In late October, the memorial hall design team and workers, leading cadres and others held a symposium for more than ten days to discuss the feasibility of the collected plans one by one. Finally, three of the hundreds of plans were selected.
pictures originate from the Internet
Then, the most popular plan for the Monument to the People's Heroes South was selected from the countless memorial hall location plans such as Jingshan , Xiangshan, Tiananmen North, and the South of the People's Heroes Monument.
htmlIn November, the central government finally determined the design plan of Chairman Mao Memorial Hall to be north of Zhengyangmen and south of the People's Heroes Monument, located on the central axis of Beijing City and the Forbidden City, and is exactly 200 meters away from Zhengyangmen and the People's Heroes Monument.
On November 24, 1976, the groundbreaking ceremony of Chairman Mao’s Memorial Hall was held at the construction site of the memorial hall. 8,000 people from all walks of life, including workers, farmers, PLA commanders and fighters in the capital, attended the event, and Comrade Hua Guofeng personally laid the foundation stone for Chairman Mao’s Memorial Hall.
After the groundbreaking ceremony, the memorial hall was built vigorously according to the drawings. In order to ensure that the construction of the building is consistent with the drawing design, the memorial hall design team also moved the office location to the construction site, discussed with the worker, and made corrections at all times.
pictures originated from the Internet
As China at that time, most of the construction of the memorial hall was transported by hand holding hands and shoulders, which puts higher requirements on the number of construction workers. In order to complete the construction of Chairman Mao’s Memorial Hall as soon as possible, people from all walks of life in the capital have devoted themselves to the voluntary labor of building the memorial hall.
The construction site of the memorial hall in 1977 was not only the workers responsible for the construction of the memorial hall, but also clerks from various agencies in the capital, as well as primary and secondary school students from nearby schools, PLA commanders and fighters, etc.
In addition, Chairman Mao’s son Mao Anying, daughter-in-law Shao Hua, Pu Jie and others have worked on the construction site. During the six months of the construction of Chairman Mao’s Memorial Hall, as many as 5 million people went to the construction site to perform voluntary labor.
Pictures originated from the Internet
It is under such a sea of people that a white building 33.3 meters high rose from the ground and was basically completed in just half a year, which was a long way ahead of the expected completion time.
At 10 a.m. on August 18, 1976, the crystal coffin that was buried in Chairman Mao's body arrived at the memorial hall. Under the back and forth of 200 strong young men, the heavy crystal coffin was carried into the memorial hall one by one. After the memorial hall was opened, people from all over the world could come here to pay tribute to Chairman Mao.
must always be preserved
Shortly after the completion of Chairman Mao’s Memorial Hall, China changed drastically.
First was the convening of the Third Plenary Session of the Eleventh Central Committee of in 1978, announcing that China would carry out reform and opening up , and then the promotion of household contract responsibility system and the mass cancellation of of the people's commune.
pictures originated from the Internet
So long after, China established special economic zone , and began to embark on the fast lane of modernization of industry, agriculture, national defense and science and technology. The people's living standards are also gradually improving in the economic takeoff. At that time, there were more and more "0,000 households in society, and private enterprises such as " fool melon seeds " also blossomed everywhere. In just a few years, China's appearance has been completely renewed.
At the beginning of reform and opening up, the central government announced the establishment of four special economic zones: Zhuhai , Xiamen , Shenzhen, and Shantou , which was sensational. People never expected that " Capitalism " , which was criticized and denied in the past, was actually brought to the table. This huge change reminds people of another instruction issued by the central government half a month ago.
On August 11, 1980, the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China issued an instruction: "The portraits, quotations and poems of Chairman Mao are hung too much in public places. This is a manifestation of political injustice and hindering international viewing. In the future, it will be gradually reduced to the necessary limits."
The picture originated from the Internet
This instruction was issued, which immediately caused a sensation across the country. In the past, the streets and alleys were printed with Chairman Mao's image and Chairman Mao's quotations. This instruction means that these contents will be greatly reduced from now on.
On the morning of the day the document was issued, a huge portrait on the east gate of of the Great Hall of the People was taken off, and then the overwhelming quotations and portraits began to be washed across the country. This change has made people feel a little uneasy and has caused a lot of debate in the international community. After hearing the news, an Italian journalist Farage , who has always been good at capturing the wind, immediately flew to China in a plane to interview Comrade Deng Xiaoping.
On August 21, 1980, Farage took a bus to the office of Comrade Deng Xiaoping. After meeting Deng Xiaoping, Farage's first question was: "Ten days ago, China issued instructions on reducing portraits and poems of Chairman Mao in public places. Will the huge portrait of Chairman Mao hanging on Tiananmen Square be removed like other portraits in the future?"
Farage
Comrade Deng Xiaoping heard about Farage Intent, facing the other party's tricky question, Deng Xiaoping simply replied: " must always be preserved! Chairman Mao is one of the founders of the Communist Party of China and the People's Republic of China. The Chinese people will always regard him as the founder of our party and country to commemorate him!"
Seeing Deng Xiaoping's discovery of his trap, Farage continued to ask questions around Chairman Mao with expressionless face. When asked why Chairman Mao’s Memorial Hall was built instead of putting Chairman Mao in peace, Deng Xiaoping replied: "The construction of Chairman Mao’s Memorial Hall was mainly based on Chairman Mao’s status, and there was also a consideration of stability. This decision actually violated Chairman Mao’s opinions."
Then, Deng Xiaoping told the story of Chairman Mao’s proposal to promote cremation in the 1950s, and said that, including him, senior cadres in the central government and many cadres across the country had signed and agreed to this matter, and the cadres who signed the documents had to cremate the body after their deaths.
Deng Xiaoping
"This time I came to Beijing, I noticed that there are very few people wearing uniforms on the streets, and people's clothes are becoming more and more colorful. China has indeed undergone great changes. So under such changes, will Chairman Mao Memorial Hall make changes in the future? For example, will it be demolished and restored to the original ancient building?"
Faced with this Western woman Deng Xiaoping continued to say firmly: "I don't agree with tearing it down. Now the whole world is speculating that we are going to destroy the memorial hall, but I can tell the whole world with certainty that we don't have this idea!"
After the interview, Farage, who has always been known for asking questions, had to admire Deng Xiaoping. In the question, no matter what question she asked, Deng Xiaoping would respond quickly and sincerely, without leaving any talk.
Farach
And during the four-hour interview, both sides only had one halftime break, and the question and answer cost a lot of effort to people's mind. This is a heavy burden for the young Farach, but Deng Xiaoping, 76, did not show any fatigue during the four-hour interview, and was still full of energy until the end of the interview, which made Farach very impressed.
Comrade Hua Guofeng, who personally cultivated soil for the foundation stone of Chairman Mao’s Memorial Hall and wrote inscriptions for the Memorial Hall, went to the Memorial Hall every year after retirement until his death.
Although the practice of building the Chairman Mao Memorial Hall violated Chairman Mao’s wishes during his lifetime, in the long run, the practice of building the Chairman Mao Memorial Hall is of far-reaching significance. On the one hand, , Chairman Mao is the guide who leads the Chinese people through ups and downs, and is the sustenance of the people's faith. On the other hand, , Chairman Mao comes from the masses and eventually rests among the masses. Therefore, it is the best way to pay tribute to future generations in the memorial hall.
Chairman Mao Memorial Hall
The existence of Chairman Mao Memorial Hall also means the eternal greenness of Mao Zedong Thought. On the road to socialist modernization , Mao Zedong Thought will continue to shine and continue to guide us forward. Therefore, we must not only miss Chairman Mao, but also firmly grasp Mao Zedong Thought and embark on a new journey in the new era!
