The situation faced at that time was very serious. The top leaders of the Party realized the importance of the problem and hoped to open up a lifeless situation by introducing in and going out, learning from foreign experience, technology and funds. Reform and opening up were gra

Preface

In October 1976, the Party Central Committee with Hua Guofeng as the core took decisive measures to save the Party and the country. After the situation gradually stabilized, how to develop the economy has become a consensus among the top leaders of the party.

The situation faced by

was very serious at that time. The top leaders of the party realized the importance of the problem and hoped to open up a lifeless situation by introducing in, going out, and learning from foreign experience, technology and funds. reform and opening up was gradually put on the agenda.

comrade Hua Guofeng

is at the forefront of the storm. Hua Guofeng proposed the overall narrative of reform and opening up

. He rarely mentioned Comrade Hua Guofeng. It seems that he has little connection with reform and opening up. In fact, this is a misunderstanding.

comrade Hua Guofeng

Comrade Hua Guofeng sighed many times when he first took office: "Scientific and technological personnel dare not read foreign books, and they have some ideological concerns. The development of China's science and technology is at least twenty years behind the world." To this end, Hua Guofeng, under pressure from all aspects, strengthened the research and development of electronic science and technology, actively trained technical personnel, laying the foundation for the rapid development of my country's science and technology.

In 1976, Chairman Mao passed away and the people of the whole country fell into great grief. Hua Guofeng and other central leaders took measures to save the Party and the country in one fell swoop. At this time, China had experienced ten years of turmoil, and the development of science and technology was far behind other countries.

Soon after, Hua Guofeng said in his speech: "In socialist society , the development of productivity will inevitably expose the imperfections in the economic and political systems, awakening people to reform."

Chairman Mao passed away

In early 1977, Xiang Nan, a member of the Party’s core group of the First Machinery Industry, worked as the director of the Agricultural Machinery Bureau of Agricultural Machinery Bureau, reported to Hua Guofeng in detail the actual situation of agricultural development in European and American countries.

After listening to Xiang Nan's report, Hua Guofeng deeply realized the gap between China and the world. The United States has a highly developed agricultural machinery. A person can plant more than 1,600 acres of land and produce 1.5 million kilograms of grain a year. Moreover, the differences between urban and rural areas, physical labor and mental labor in the United States are much smaller than ours. Hua Guofeng believes that if China wants to develop rapidly, it must open its doors to learn advanced foreign science and technology.

However, due to historical factors, some cadres are self-confidant in their thoughts. In order to promote reform, Hua Guofeng said at the Central Conference: "If China wants to carry out four modernizations and achieve self-reliance, it is crucial to learn from foreign advanced technical experience. To learn from foreign countries, we must conduct investigations and understand them. This is very important. At the same time, we can also look at the weaknesses of capitalism and contact ourselves as a reference."

Gu Mu led a delegation to Europe for investigation

Since 1978, China has set off a huge wave of overseas investigations. Important delegations include the economic delegation headed by Lin Hujia, the delegation headed by Li Yimang to , and the delegation headed by Yugoslavia to , and the delegation headed by Vice Premier Gu Mu of the State Council, among which the five Western European delegations are the most eye-catching. The Five National People's Regiment, led by Vice Premier Gu Mu, set off on May 2 for a 36-day trip. During their visit, they were deeply shocked by the advanced scientific industry in Europe.

In West Germany , an open-pit coal mine with an annual output of 50 million tons of lignite only requires more than 2,000 workers, while China requires 160,000 workers to make the actual amount of coal, a total difference of 80 times; Swiss high-tech enterprise only requires 12 employees to install a low-head hydropower station with a capacity of 25,000 kilowatts, while my country requires 298 people, a difference of more than 20 times.

After Gu Mu and others returned to China, they reported the details of the situation to Chairman Hua Guofeng. He said excitedly: "We have been greatly stimulated after more than a month of investigation. What we saw and heard there shocked the hearts of each of us. In the past, we always thought we were a world power and supported , the third world at any time. But when we went abroad, China would always belong to the two-thirds of the backward."

Europe in the 1970s

According to the information feedback from foreign countries, Hua Guofeng initially understood the current situation of world development, and he felt that the gap between China and foreign countries was highlighted. To this end, he made up his mind to carry out reforms, mainly focusing on three aspects:

First, focus on streamlining administrative and management personnel in corporate management, and implementing an internal distribution system that combines political leadership and rewards.

Second, in response to the problem of excessive concentration, he demanded to "exert two enthusiasms."

Third, the law of utilization value to speed up capital turnover.

The reform focus proposed by Hua Guofeng has actually revealed the depth of the economic reform. From a certain perspective, some of his claims are forward-looking.

The top Chinese leader visited Europe for the first time, which attracted the attention of the world

In order to further expand opening up, Hua Guofeng and other central leaders attached great importance to the development of relations with Western European countries, and even regarded European countries as the object of development. He clearly stated at the meeting: "We support European countries' efforts to jointly oppose hegemony , we are willing to develop relations with them in all aspects, and we hope that friendly exchanges and economic and cultural exchanges with them will be further expanded."

Hua Guofeng's speech

At the same time, Hua Guofeng, as the national leader, began his overseas visit activities. This is the first time that the top Chinese leader has decided to visit European countries. After thinking about it over and over again, he decided to choose between Romania and Yugoslavia.

Romania and Yugoslavia, as socialist countries , have carried out socialist reforms for many years, and have achieved great results in economic development. The reason why Hua Guofeng chose these two countries as his first visit was actually to help China break free from the shackles of the Soviet model and seek a new path of reform.

Moreover, Romania and Yugoslavia, as socialist countries, have many similarities with China. After years of opening up to the outside world, their own economies have developed rapidly and stably, which is definitely an excellent demonstration for China.

In August 1978, Comrade Hua Guofeng, then Chairman of the CPC Central Committee and Premier of the State Council, decided to visit Romania. On the eve of the visit of a national leader, he or she usually sends advance delegations to the country to agree on the text of the protocol with the other party.

Comrade Jiang Zemin was speaking

At this time, who will serve as the secretary-general of the delegation went to Romania to negotiate, which became a difficult problem before everyone. At this moment, someone recommended Comrade Jiang Zemin to the Central Committee.

Comrade Jiang Zemin has been working in the First Ministry of Machinery in Beijing for a long time. He has served as the leader of the inspection team for aid to Romania and has a deeper understanding of the actual situation in Romania. Moreover, Comrade Jiang Zemin is more realistic in his work, and is neither humble nor arrogant to the outside world, and is moderate in advance and retreat, and is even more ruthless in matters of principle. He has protected the interests of the country many times in negotiations.

Under the recommendation of everyone, Comrade Jiang Zemin was appointed as the Secretary-General of the advance delegation, responsible for the negotiations to Romania. In order to do a good job in this negotiation, Comrade Jiang Zemin made sufficient preparations.

However, the negotiations were not going smoothly. During the negotiations, the Romanian side felt that it had negotiated experience with the United States and other countries, and did not take it seriously.

Comrade Jiang Zemin

During the negotiations, the Romanian delegation acted as if he was arrogant. What's more, because of one of the details, the director of the Foreign Trade Bureau of the Luo side slapped the table on the spot during the negotiations, pretending to be angry and left.

But Comrade Jiang Zemin did not let the other party do whatever he wanted. He also slapped the table and publicly accused the other party of his unreasonableness, and was ready to take the delegation to leave here.

Seeing Jiang Zemin's actions, Director Luo Fang returned to the negotiating table and continued to discuss with us well. In the end, under Jiang Zemin's argument, an agreement was reached that satisfies both sides.

On August 14, 1978, Chairman Hua Guofeng left Beijing and set off for Romania. This is the first time that the top Chinese leader has visited Eastern European countries and has attracted attention all over the world.

In order to welcome guests from afar, Romanian leader Ceausescu came to the airport to greet him. At the same time, Luo's defense minister asked the guard of honor to play the " Volunteer March " to express his respect for China's supreme leader.

Hua Guofeng was warmly received

After coming to Romania, Hua Guofeng first inspected the agricultural department. Because Hua Guofeng has been engaged in agricultural work for a long time, China is still a major agricultural country, and agricultural issues are the top priority.

With the recommendation of Luo Fang, Hua Guofeng came to the Kumpena Agricultural Production Cooperative. When he saw Luo Fang's high-tech machinery used in agriculture, he was deeply shocked by the scene in front of him.

He came to the cooperative and asked the farmers in detail about the use of the machines. When he learned about the actual gap in agricultural development between China and Rome, he had to make up his mind to learn the technology of advanced countries to get rid of China's backward status quo.

Not only that, Hua Guofeng also visited Romania's advanced machinery factory to understand the actual development.

Romanian people welcome Hua Guofeng to visit

During his visit to Romania, Hua Guofeng deeply realized that the key to the reason why Romania can quickly change the backward appearance of the national economy is that it has introduced a large number of advanced foreign technologies and equipment and established a joint venture company, thus maintaining continuous and high-speed development in industry and agriculture.

After several days of visit, the two sides signed a total of 9 agreements, involving multiple levels such as science and technology, tourism, transportation, mining and mutual dispatch of experts. The signing of this series of agreements further expanded the multi-faceted cooperation between China and Rome, deepened their friendship and understanding, and had a deeper understanding. After the visit to Romania of

, Hua Guofeng visited Yugoslavia again. Subsequently, the two countries signed a series of agreements on economic cooperation, which also further promoted the development of bilateral relations.

This visit was deeply touched by Hua Guofeng and other central leaders. They were deeply shocked by the prosperous economy and advanced productivity of Western capitalist countries, which also strengthened the determination of China's senior leaders to carry out reforms.

Hua Guofeng came to Yugoslavia to visit

successfully retired and returned to ordinary

In December 1978, the Central Committee of the Party held the Third Plenary Session of the Eleventh Central Committee in Beijing, and the Party and the state shifted the focus of their work to economic construction. China's reform and opening up began to develop rapidly, and all of this was carried out after Hua Guofeng's foreign visit.

From May 1978 to May 1980, Hua Guofeng visited 4 times and visited nine countries. This period of time is a critical period for China's reform and opening up. Through a series of foreign visits, the central leadership has a theoretical framework for the content and specific steps of how to carry out reform and opening up.

The Third Plenary Session of the Eleventh Central Committee held

While visiting abroad, he also sent an economic inspection team to Hong Kong and Macao. When the inspection team came back, Hua Guofeng understood the actual development situation. Later, with the support of Hua Guofeng, Shenzhen's Shekou Industrial Zone was officially established, which is also the earliest prototype of Shenzhen Special Economic Zone .

Comrade Hua Guofeng has recovered in the fields of education, science and technology, diplomacy and other fields in my country. However, in November 1980, Chairman Hua Guofeng decided to leave his position to young people for the sake of national development, so he made a request for resignation at the Politburo meeting.

After retirement, Hua Guofeng lived an ordinary life. Despite this, there will still be some senior leaders coming to visit him and want to take a photo with him or write an inscription.

Shekou Industrial Zone, Shenzhen

Once, a secretary came to Hua Guofeng's home with a leader of some level and wanted to take a photo with him during the conversation. After hearing this, Hua Guofeng waved his hand and said, "Whether it is the common people or cadres, everyone is a visitor."

At the same time, he was also actively paying attention to the development of the country. When he saw the country's developments have made rapid changes in leaps and bounds on the news, he could not suppress his inner impulse.

In July 2001, International Olympic Committee announced that China had obtained the right to host the 2008 Summer Olympics. After seeing it on TV, Hua Guofeng said with emotion: "After so many years of development, the gap between us and the world has been further narrowing, and the Chinese people can also be proud."

Her years in his later years, Hua Guofeng

Unfortunately, just four days before the closing of the Beijing Olympic membership, Hua Guofeng died in Beijing Hospital . In recent years, Hua Guofeng has been looking forward to the arrival of the Beijing Olympics, but unfortunately this wish has not been realized, which has become his biggest regret.

Hua Guofeng thinks about the Party and the people everywhere. At the critical moment of national development, he seized the opportunity and, together with other leaders, opened the door to reform and opening up, and the Chinese people have become prosperous and strong from then on. We are glad that Chairman Mao chose a leader with outstanding capabilities for the New China. It is precisely because of the efforts of each leader that today's strong China has been achieved.