The complex components of the troops brought huge losses to the uprising plan. As the commander of the four troops, the generals of the four troops also laid huge hidden dangers for the failure of the uprising due to their background, ideological level and military command capabilities.
The commander of the First Regiment Zhong Wenzhang graduated from the second phase of the Huangpu Infantry Department. In theory, there is no need to say about military literacy. But the problem is that after the First Regiment led by Zhong Wenzhang recruited Qiu Guoxuan's troops, the first regiment led by Zhong Wenzhang did not transform it, which made Qiu Guoxuan, who was originally ulterior motives and greedy and selfish, actually turned against him when he saw the First Regiment take Jinping and seized a large amount of spoils, and ruined the good situation achieved by the First Regiment.
Commander Wang Xinya, a peasant commander from the Second Regiment, had not received systematic military training and his military level was not high. After conquering Liling and Liuyang counties, he was blinded by victory and neglected to guard against the surrounding areas, which led to the Kuomintang army's sneak attack. He also saw the troops collapsed during the battle, and was disheartened and disappeared.
3rd group Su Xianjun comes from the famous Huangpu fourth period. The fourth phase of Huangpu is the most famous class of the Whampoa Military Academy. Among them, a group of powerful generals such as Lin Biao, Wu Zhonghao, Liu Zhidan, Zhang Lingfu, Li Mi, , Hu Lian, and other groups will be able to fight against the war of war on the Anti-Japanese War and the Liberation battlefield in the future. In addition, Su Xianjun also participated in the famous Northern Expedition and had rich experience in battlefield combat. Logically speaking, he should have performed outstandingly in the Autumn Harvest Uprising.
But the real situation is that after the battle started, the third regiment led by Su Xianjun was repeatedly frustrated due to slow action, especially in the battle of Luxi on the way to transfer, Su Xianjun was careless as the front-line commander and blindly believed in the random commander of the division commander, Yu Sadu , which eventually led to the heroic sacrifice of commander Lu Deming.
The four front-line commanders and fighters have not fought bloody battles for the revolution, but they obviously did not show their due command level. The reason is that their background and abilities are different. The second is that the troops they command have a large number of peasant troops and workers. These workers and peasants brothers do not have much practical experience when they first went to the battlefield and their organizational discipline is not coordinated. When they first went to the battlefield, they heard the sound of gunshots and the rumbling of cannons so nervous that they could not even pull the bolts. The combat effectiveness can be imagined.
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However, the most difficult thing is not because of the complex composition of the uprising troops, nor does it refer to the military level of the fighters, but because of the huge differences of opinions on the line of action after the failure of the uprising.
Under the circumstances at that time, the four armies failed to win the riots according to the original plan, and it became particularly unrealistic to directly win the military goal of Liuyang and Changsha. As the general manager of the Autumn Harvest Uprising and secretary of the Front Committee Mao Zedong judged the situation and believed that the uprising troops should not attack Changsha as planned and died in vain. Therefore, he decided to march towards Jinggangshan in the Luoxiao Mountains and establish a red revolutionary base on the border of Hunan and Jiangxi, where the enemy rule is relatively weak.
As for the situation at that time, the city ruled by the enemy was too strong, and they were well-equipped, well-trained and strictly prepared. Using the new Xiaobai Revolutionary Team with simple and crude weapons to the frontal thugs of the Kuomintang army is like a moth to plow the fire to bury the revolutionary force. Going to the weak border of the enemy's rule, waiting to develop and strengthen their own strength, and then waiting for an opportunity to fight back is an extremely wise and wise decision.
What is unexpected is that when Mao Zedong put forward this extremely forward-looking correct opinion, some people in the Front Enemy Committee disagree, and the division commander Yu Sadu even shouted loudly to implement the provincial party committee's resolution to take Liuyang first and then Changsha. When Su Xianjun heard that he would stay away from the bustling and noisy city and go to Jinggangshan for a revolution, there was a huge gap in his heart. So they quietly left the revolutionary team, never returning from then on, and even embarked on the road of opposition to the revolution.
There are many senior commanders and fighters who have this idea, and the fear of hardship and difficulties among many soldiers has also grown rapidly.
Fortunately, the commander-in-chief Lu Deming and the deputy commander of the Third Regiment, Lu Deming, and others fully supported it. The front-end committee finally decided to go to Jinggangshan to make a revolution.
But for those comrades who were shaken and unwilling to continue the revolution, the Front Committee did not make things difficult for them and sent them to leave. In this way, when the army was launched, a large army of more than 5,000 people arrived in Sanwan and was reorganized, only more than 800 people were left. These more than 800 people are the essence forged by the revolutionary furnace, and are also the last little bit of the remaining assets of the entire Autumn Harvest Uprising.
So, who should I give this last point to the only remaining family background? After thinking about it, Mao Zedong decided to hand it over to Chen Hao , a talented student in Huangpu first phase.
Chen Hao joined the Communist Party of China early during the Whampoa Military Academy. After the failure of the Great Revolution, the Communists were in the bloody massacre of the Kuomintang reactionaries. He joined the red revolutionary team without hesitation, especially after the failure of the Autumn Harvest Uprising. When Mao Zedong and his division commander Yu Sadu had fierce differences on whether to march to Jinggangshan, Chen Hao stood firmly on Mao Zedong's side without hesitation.
So, whether it is in terms of party spirit principle or loyalty, Chen Hao is undoubtedly a more suitable candidate and the leader Mao Zedong trusts most.
However, unexpectedly, Chen Hao followed Mao Zedong to Jinggangshan to create a revolutionary base. When he went through great pains to follow Mao Zedong's instructions, he led his troops to take Chaling , everything changed.
It turned out that Chaling was originally Tang Shengzhi's defense zone. During the Kuomintang Tang Shengzhi's troops led his troops to Hubei to fight, Chen Hao took advantage of the opportunity to take Chaling. After capturing the Chaling, Chen Hao soon began to become corrupt and degenerate in his life. He not only lived in a luxurious and comfortable mansion, but also showed off the expenses to the merchants for no reason and spent day and night, and was full of money. After Mao Zedong knew about it, he wrote a letter to severely criticize him for being unprofitable and ordered him to correct it immediately.
And while he occupied Chaling, he saw through the newspaper that the former Huangpu alumni Hu Zongnan , Fan Hanjie , Huang Wei and others either became masters or group leaders. Thinking about how he lived in the desolate and remote Jinggangshan area, he relied on drinking pumpkin porridge and eating wild vegetable fields to fight guerrillas. He couldn't help but feel dissatisfied.
Thinking of Tang Shengzhi's moves back from Hubei, he would definitely take back Chaling. Chen Haoyue didn't think that the future of the revolution was bleak, so he had the evil intention of leading his troops to leave the revolutionary team.
Just at this moment, Fang Dingying, the commander of the 13th Army of the Kuomintang and the head of the Whampoa Military Academy, who had a teacher-student friendship with Chen Hao, wrote a letter to him, advising him to return to the Kuomintang team "won't know how to return" and get him a major general Dangdang. Chen Hao simply made up his mind and decided to lead his troops to betray the revolution with Han Changjian, Xu Shu, and Huang Ziji.
So, Chen Hao replied to Fang Dingying with the signature of "Chaling Chen Yan". Unfortunately, when his letter was placed in the Chaling Post Office, Han Wei, saw it by his platoon leader, Han Wei recognized Chen Hao's handwriting at a glance and immediately reported to the party representative Wan Xixian . Wan Xixian suddenly felt something was wrong, so she immediately sent someone to investigate secretly and quickly found out Chen Hao's attempt to surrender to the enemy and rebel the party. Wan Xixian quickly sent someone to Jinggangshan area to notify the supreme leader Mao Zedong. When Mao Zedong learned that Chen Hao's ambition to rebel was not injured, he quickly led his team to Chaling.
Soon after, the Independent Regiment of the Eighth Army under Tang Shengzhi gathered the commander of the Xiangdong Suppression of the Communist Party, Chen Guangzhong, and a total of more than 2,000 people attacked the direction of Chaling. Chen Hao's soldiers were weak and he was unable to contact the Kuomintang army and was soon defeated.
According to Mao Zedong's instructions, he originally wanted to retreat to Jinggangshan if he lost, but Chen Hao pretended to say that he would fight the Kuomintang army to the end even if he died, and planned to "kill" in the direction of the Kuomintang army. Wan Xi first saw through Chen Hao's killing of the enemy was a false rebellion or a real conspiracy, so he refused to stop it.
Chen Hao was so angry that he asked his subordinates to tie Wan Xixian up, and planned to take him over as a "meeting gift".
When Chen Hao took Wan Xixian and a group of people to the Fang Dingying Defense Zone in a hurry and walked to the Hukou , the weather was not good, and it started to rain heavily. The troops led by Chen Hao were exhausted and the soldiers below complained. At this time, Wan Xi had a plan to shout at Chen Hao and everyone:
"I heard that Hukou dog meat is the most famous. Should we leave after eating dog meat?"
When he heard that there was dog meat to eat, the soldiers below were all excited and their eyes shone. Although Chen Hao was very anxious, he was already hungry in his stomach for several days, so he had to agree to rest and eat dog meat on the spot.
In fact, this is Wan Xixian's delaying strategy. Wan Xi first knew very well that Mao Zedong was injured and was extremely inconvenient to move. In addition, Jinggangshan and Chaling had a distance. If they did not try to hold Chen Hao up and at normal marching speed, it would be difficult for the troops led by Mao Zedong to intercept Chen Hao and others first. As the party representative, once Wan Xi successfully defected first, he would be redeemed for his crimes if he died. In that case, it would bring immeasurable huge losses to the entire Jinggangshan Revolutionary Base and the entire Chinese revolution.
later confirmed Wan Xixian's foresight. Soon, the troops led by Mao Zedong rushed over day and night, and promptly stopped Chen Hao before he rebelled and surrendered to the enemy. When Mao Zedong asked Chen Hao: Where is the army going? Chen Hao was so nervous that he sweated heavily, and he stammered and said that he would take the team to , Hunan to fight guerrilla warfare.
Mao Zedong did not expose Chen Hao's trick on the spot, but proposed to hold a meeting immediately. At the meeting, Wan Xixian and others exposed the conspiracy of Chen Hao and others trying to lead their troops to rebel. Chen Hao shouted: Didn’t it mean that the revolution came and went freely? Why not now?
Mao Zedong pointed out seriously: You, Chen Hao, personally, will not stop you, but you will not agree to the party discipline and military rules of the army if you want to take away the army!
In the end, with the insistence of Mao Zedong and others, the four revolutionary traitors Chen Hao, Han Changjian, Xu Shu and Huang Ziji who participated in the defection were all shot.
More than a year later, Chairman Mao recalled the difficult past of starting a business in Jinggangshan in an interview with American journalist Edgar Snow , and said with emotion: "At that time, he changed a new commander, and later he also betrayed."
It is worth mentioning that the failure of the Chaling battle and the betrayal of Chen Hao and others made Chairman Mao quickly realize that if an army does not attack the local tyrants and divides the land, goes deep into the masses to do their work, and builds the army and the people into flesh-and-blood ties, such an army will have no revolutionary future.
Therefore, after Chen Hao and others failed to defect, the entire army carried out the work of defeating local tyrants and dividing the land and closely connecting with the masses. Since then, the Chinese revolution has moved in an increasingly correct direction, and eventually overthrew the Kuomintang reactionaries and created a new China where the people are in charge of their own country.
