Speaking of the versatile emperors in Chinese history and have created extremely prosperous times, most people will think of Emperor Qianlong, Emperor Gaozong of the Qing Dynasty, Hongli . This old man has been the emperor for 60 years and has abdicated as the emperor for nearly four years. In other words, he has been in a stable position for 64 years, which is the best feudal dynasty in China.
During his sixty years of "Qianlong Prosperity", in addition to the "Ten Complete Martial Arts" of conquering all directions, in terms of personal cultural cultivation, he was good at poetry, calligraphy, painting, seals, paintings, and antiques. He wrote more than 40,000 poems in his life, and his number of works is comparable to that of more than 50,000 " Complete Tang Poetry ". It can be said that Emperor Qianlong was indeed a legendary emperor with both civil and military skills.
And the emperors in the long river of Chinese history have been studying papers, martial arts, and hands. Compared with Emperor Qianlong, Qin Shihuang and Emperor Wu of Han are probably a little inferior in literary talent. Emperor Taizong of Tang and Emperor Taizu of Song are really a bit inferior to Emperor Qianlong's romantic and elegant. The Genghis Khan Bent his bow and shot the eagle Genghis Khan Temujin has only done his best to fight, but he has no long-term stability. Compared with Emperor Qianlong, he can't help but feel a little embarrassed.
At this point, is it said that for five thousand years, except for the sixty-four years of being the leader of the country, Qianlong is the only one in the world? In fact, there is another emperor in history who also created an extremely prosperous and prosperous era. It can even be called the richest period in ancient Chinese history, and his talent is even better than that of this Qing Dynasty Emperor Gaozong. Especially in calligraphy and painting, almost every work can shock the world and the ghosts and gods. Whether at that time or later generations, it is a priceless treasure of the country.
And his "martial power" is even more unpredictable. During his reign, he completed the hegemony that the first eight ancestors of the previous emperors and ancestors could not accomplish, and opened up the most vast era of the entire dynasty. However, when his "prosperous martial arts" reached its peak, he suddenly "take off his dragon robe", causing such a huge prosperous dynasty to fall into the abyss, and eventually made himself a shepherd outside the wilderness.
What a grand life, ups and downs, what kind of legendary emperor is this? Today, the editor will talk to you about this 8th monarch of the Song Dynasty, who is known as the "Daojun Emperor", who is known as the "Daojun Emperor".
点1点点点点点点点点点点点点点点点点点点点点点点点点点点点点点点点点点点点点点点点点点点点点点点点点点点点点点点点点点点点点点点点点点点点点点点点点点点点点点点点点点点点点点点点点点点点点点点点点点点点点点点点点点点点点点点点点点点点点点点点点点点点点点点点点点点点点点点点点点点点点点点点点点点点点点点点点点点点点点点点点点点点点点� Huizong also conferred the title of "Panguhou" to this beloved stone, which means that the Song Dynasty in his hands will be as strong as this huge stone.
This year, the Song Dynasty had indeed reached its widest territorial and most prosperous economy in more than 300 years, known in history as the "Xuanhe Prosperous Time". It turned out that this year, Huizong Zhao Ji regained the old Tang land 1 Yanyun Sixteen Prefectures since the founding of the Song Dynasty. Since the founding of the People's Republic of China, even the Taizu and Emperor Taizong who were the best at fighting in their dreams would regain the old land of Tang 1 Yanyun Sixteen Prefectures. For a time, the entire Song Dynasty court was immersed in a carnival that washed away the humiliation of the century by Emperor Huizong's great achievements.
But in less than three years, this prosperous king who was advocated as far as Hanwu Dongzong at that time, abandoned all the sixteen states of Yanyun. Not only that, even half of the Song Dynasty, the wealth of nearly a hundred years, his beautiful concubines, and his beautiful children and young girls were all buried in his hands. At that time, the capital of the Song Dynasty, the most prosperous metropolis in the world, also became a purgatory on earth, and eventually almost turned into ruins.
What did Song Huizong, who was later praised as a master of calligrapher and painter, do? It can actually ruin such a prosperous dynasty that is rare in Chinese history. All this comes from his dream of "recovering Yanyun" in the most prosperous but also the most decadent period on the surface of the Song Dynasty. The Sixteen Prefectures of Yanyun were handed over to the Liao Kingdom from the Five Dynasties of Later Jin Shi Jingtang . The two dynasties of Yanyun have always regarded the recovery of Yanyun as the ultimate goal of prosperity of martial arts and unification of the country.
And it was not until Song Dynasty experienced seven generations of emperors and fell to the eighth generation of Song Huizong's reign, the great opportunity that had not been seen in a century seemed to have really come. That is the Great Liao Empire, a powerful enemy of the Song Dynasty that dominated Yan Yun, and an unprecedented crisis of overturn had already taken place inside.
It turned out that the leader of the Jurchen tribe in the jurisdiction of Shangjing Road of the Great Liao Dynasty, Wanyan Aguda and his tribesmen could not bear the fact that they could not bear the Emperor Tianzuo of Liao Dynasty Yelu Yanxi every year, they had to ask for a large number of precious specialties such as falcon sea holly from the Jurchen tribes, so they raised their troops to fight against the Liao rebellion.
In just one year, Aguda won many battles based on more than 2,000 troops in the tribe. In the end, he defeated the 700,000 army of Emperor Tianzuo personally, and won the reputation of "Jourchens invincible" all over the world. He also openly established an emperor. In order to defeat the Liao people who claimed to be as strong as iron, Aguda named the Jurchens' new dynasty " Dajin ". Because in the words of Agu, no matter how hard the iron is, it will rot and rust, while gold is indestructible and will never fade.
When the Liao Kingdom was almost destroyed, the Song Dynasty in the south of the Sixteen Prefectures of Yanyun learned such great news. Song Huizong was almost excited to jump up. In the first year of Zhenghe of the Song Dynasty, Huizong and his most favored eunuch marshal Tong Guan were discussing how to rely solely on the Song Dynasty's own troops, in the name of the Liao people invading the territory, directly send troops north to take advantage of the fire to rob, attack the Liao Kingdom, which was damaged by the Jin Kingdom, and casually take back the Sixteen Prefectures of Yanyun. However, since there has been no real military conflict between the Song and Liao dynasties since the 公司月 , there has been no real military conflict in nearly a hundred years. Even the Emperor of Liao himself said that after receiving the annual tribute of 500,000 taels of silver in the Song Dynasty every year, he has not been able to recognize military revolution for more than 40 years!
So Song Huizong, who had never had experience in foreign wars, was always undecided. This delayed for five years, and it was seven years before Zhenghe. Seeing that the Liao Kingdom was about to be cleaned up by the Jin people, Tong Guan, Cai Jing and other favorite ministers were very anxious and believed that destroying Liao and Yan was really an opportunity to be missed. So he proposed to send envoys to the land of the Jurchen Jin people, join forces with the Jin Kingdom to establish an alliance with the Jin Kingdom to destroy the Liao Kingdom, and then recover the sixteen prefectures of Yanyun, fulfill the long-cherished wishes and legacy of the late emperors of all dynasties in Song Dynasty, and also to seek peace from the Liao Dynasty in humiliation and establish a alliance under the city.
In the first year of Xuanhe, the Song and Jin dynasties finally contacted. Jin Taizu Wanyan Aguda was also willing to work with the Song Dynasty. After all, Daliao A hundred-year-old insect died without being stiff. He had to bleed and sacrifice every day when fighting a war. It was too hard. With a strong assist, why not do it? However, can the Song Dynasty be competent for the honorary title of "strong assist"? Later facts proved that the Song Dynasty really failed Aguda's simple and unpretentious trust at the beginning.
When the Song envoy proposed to Aguda, the Song and Jin sent troops at the same time, the Song Dynasty attacked the boundary of Liao Nanjing, and the Jin Dynasty attacked the boundary of Liaoxijing. After the destruction of Liao, Liao Nanjing and Xijing returned to the Song Dynasty, while Liao Shangjing, Zhongjing, and Tokyo returned to the Jin Dynasty, Liao Nanjing was also the sixteen prefectures of Yanyun, and Xijing was the old land of the Tang Dynasty in Datong Prefecture, Shanxi.These two places have been inherent territories of the Central Plains dynasty since the Han and Tang Dynasties. The request made by Song to Jin was not excessive. In order to reward the Jin Kingdom for sending troops, Song decided to transfer all the 500,000 tributes sent to Liao Kingdom each year to the Jin Kingdom (300,000 yuan during the reign of Emperor Zhenzong, and increased to 500,000 yuan during the reign of Emperor Renzong). At that time, Aguda had no objection to such reasonable conditions.
The Song Dynasty also took the initiative to propose that when fighting with Liao together, neither Song nor Jin shall accept any requests from Liao to surrender or negotiate peace, otherwise it will be regarded as betraying its ally. The Jin people thought this suggestion was very righteous and very well made, but this condition eventually became the fuse for the Song Dynasty to cause trouble.
When the Song and Jin " Sea Alliance " was established, the Jin soldiers were invincible all the way and were about to fight to the territory of Liao Nanjing, which the Song Dynasty should have taken on the battlefield, the emperor and ministers of Song Huizong were then twisted and could not sit still. They forced the king of civil war and eunuch Tong Guan to take charge, and led an army of 150,000 to attack Liao. Unexpectedly, they were defeated by less than 2,000 cavalrymen in less than three months, and were eventually scared to death by Tong Guan, who was abandoned and fled back to the original territory of the Song Dynasty.
At this time, the Jin Kingdom had already followed the planned plan of both sides, and even the Datong Prefecture, the western Liaoning capital, was defeated. Song Huizong, who was embarrassed, had difficulty getting out of the Taiwan Strait at this time, and he even asked the Jin Kingdom and the Song Dynasty to capture the Liao Kingdom's Nanjing Yanjing City in the name of "small attack". This means that even if the Song army was sitting and playing, watching your Jin soldiers capture the city, I would just pay you a high city redemption fee. You can just hand over the city to me. If you do your best, I will pay the money, and everyone will be happy. This approach, coupled with the combat effectiveness of the King of Song Dynasty, which had been admired by the emperor, had already made the tiger and wolf-like Jin people despise them in all kinds of ways.
And the Song army had 500,000 people this time, but because of hearing some unfavorable rumors, the head coach Liu Yanqing (the father of one of the four generals of the Southern Song Dynasty, Liu Guangshi ) was so scared that like Tong Guan last time, he abandoned the camp overnight and fled back to the territory of Xiongzhou . In the end, the Jin people took Yanjing, and they looked down on the Song people even more.
When Song Huizong asked with a happy face to pay for the "buyed victory", he didn't know that the world was full of heaven and earth and asked the Jin people to return the King of Yan, who had been before Shi Jingtang, Liu Rengong, , which was sold to the Liao people. Perhaps the Jin people had few students at that time, and they really couldn't figure out how many old lands you Han people had, so they thought that Song Huizong was greedy and had gained a lot of incoming gains. Moreover, these three states were already the items in the Jin people's pockets, so how could they give them to the Song Dynasty again?
So Agu suddenly rejected Song Huizong's unreasonable request, and in a rage, he asked the Song Dynasty to pay Yanjing tax of 1.5 million taels of silver a year to the Jin Dynasty, because the city was built by them. Logically speaking, it should belong to the Jin Dynasty. If it was handed over to the Song Dynasty, it would be equivalent to losing the annual tax for no reason. This account would have to be counted on the Song Dynasty. In addition, the Jin Dynasty could only return Yanjing and the six prefectures south of Yanshan to the Song Dynasty, and the children of Yanjing had to hand over all the clothes and silk to the Jin Dynasty. In this way, the Song Dynasty almost only got an empty city, and the Datong of Liaoxi Jing was originally conquered by the Jin people. The Song Dynasty should not ask this question again.
At that time, Song Huizong was too anxious to show off his achievements in restoring Yan to the subjects of the Song Dynasty and the ancestors in the Zhao family's ancestral temple. He did not want to cause more trouble, so he quickly swallowed all his unhappiness and generously agreed to the Jin people's request. On the 17th day of the lunar calendar in the fifth year of Xuanhe , Song army marshal Tong Guan led his troops into Yanjing City, and the great martial arts of the Song Dynasty's recovery of Yanyun reached its climax.
When Song Huizong thought he could stand in front of the throne of Song Taizu and Song Taizong, he suddenly felt a little less of the "real victory" element in this victory. So, under the instigation of Tong Guan and Cai Jing and other treacherous ministers, he decided to surrender and rebel from the remnants of Liao Kingdom in order to make contributions. He even sent an invitation to Liao Emperor Tianzuo, who was still fleeing all the way west, and sincerely proposed that Emperor Tianzuo could recognize him as protecting his younger brother and jointly deal with the Jin people who were too bullying.
But this news was soon learned by the Jin people, and it angered the Jin people like a wolf and tiger for a moment. At this time, the Jin Kingdom was already the younger brother of Jin Taizu Wanyan Aguda Wanyan Wuqi was the head of the house, that is, Jin Taizong . The always trustworthy and open-minded man Jin Taizu Aguda died of illness not long ago.
The new Emperor Taizong and the noble warriors of the Jin Dynasty were both eyeing the incompetent but wealthy Song Dynasty in the south. So after they captured Emperor Tianzuo of Liao, they began to mobilize heavy troops on the border of the Song Dynasty, preparing to launch a large-scale invasion of the south on the grounds that the Song Dynasty surrendered and defeated the alliance. At this time, the monarch and ministers of Song Huizong were still thinking about how to prevent the border generals from holding their own troops.
On the first day of December of the seventh year of Xuanhe of the Great Song Dynasty, the Jin soldiers crossed Yanshan and divided into two directions to attack the Song territory. Tong Guan, who was in Taiyuan, Shanxi, was so scared that he abandoned his army and fled back to the capital Bianliang. At the suggestion of the surrendered general Guo Yaoshi, the Jin soldiers marshal Olibu bypassed many cities in Hebei and Shanxi, and rushed to the capital Bianliang City of the Song Dynasty in the hinterland of the Central Plains.
Song Huizong did not expect that the Jin soldiers would come to Bianliang so quickly. He was so scared that he quickly abdicated his throne to the crown prince Zhao Huan , and learned that Tang Minghuang and entered Sichuan, and fled to Yangzhou, Jiangnan to avoid disaster. But he is far from that of Emperor Ming of Tang Li Longji. Li Longji is indeed wise and decisive when he is called "Emperor Ming". In times of crisis, he handed over all the power of the world to Emperor Suzong of Tang Li Heng, so that he could do his best to quell the Anshi Rebellion.
, but Song Huizong gave up his throne and refused to give up power. In , Yangzhou actually blocked the king-supporting troops in the Jianghuai area from the north, and even the taxes of Jianghuai were cut off. Regardless of the danger of Bianliang, he only cared about his own enjoyment. Therefore, Li Longji's ability to turn the tide, and Zhao Ji was able to eventually destroy the country and become a slave. It is not without reason. There must be something hateful about the poor people.
Song Qinzong After Zhao Huan ascended the throne, although he appointed the minister of the warlord Li Gang as prime minister, in charge of defending Bianjing, at that time, the Bianliang imperial guards had a million people, and the king-supporting troops from all over the world were coming one after another. However, Emperor Qinzong, who had always been weak in character and seriously lacked blood and courage, was already deeply afraid of the Jin people, just like his father. This is the first time that the Jin soldiers marched south towards Bianliang. They claimed to have 300,000 people, but in fact they only had 50,000 or 60,000, and half of them were surrendered by the Song and Liao generals. The real Jurchen warriors may be less than 30,000, but Qinzong still had the word "fear" deep in his heart.
When the Jin soldiers were at the city, Li Gang and other ministers persuaded Qinzong to defend the city. When the army of kings and soldiers arrived in various places, the Jin soldiers would not do anything. But Qinzong couldn't listen to it, and just wanted the Jin people to leave quickly, so he sent someone to discuss peace. The Jin people went deep into the army and knew that it was impossible to destroy the Song Dynasty in one go, so they proposed that the three vassal states north of the Song Dynasty should be bounded by the Yellow River. All the lands of the three Jiedushi north of the Yellow River would be returned to the Jin Kingdom. In addition to the annual annual tribute, they would also pay the Jin Kingdom a one-time reward fee of 5 million taels of gold, 50 million taels of silver and 2 million pieces of silk. In addition, a prince would be sent as a hostage to escort the Jin soldiers out of the country.
Faced with such a difficult task that could not be completed, Qin Zong ignored the opposition of the ministers and immediately began to raise funds from the concubines in the palace, the princes and princes, the civil and military officials of the court, and the military and civilians of Bianliang. In the end, he plundered 517,000 taels of gold, 14.32,000 taels of silver, and 400,000 pieces of silk to the golden man. This amount was far from meeting the requirements put forward by the golden man.
At this time, more than 200,000 troops from many places had arrived near Bianliang City, and also launched a failed camp robbery operation. The head coach Yao Pingzhong was almost trapped in the enemy camp and was captured. This scared Song Qinzong to death again, fearing that he would further anger the Jin people, so he actually put the blame on Li Gang, who was loyal to the war, and dismissed his position as prime minister, which made the morale of the entire Song army extremely depressed.
After the Jin people took a lot of money for the first time, they thought they could stop when they saw it was better, so they withdrew their troops. At this time, Li Gang suggested to Qinzong that he could take advantage of the heavy supply of the Jin people and when he was full of ambition, he would send troops to pursue him. He would catch the Jin people off guard and even capture the Jin army marshal alive. By then, the military power would be revived, and the Song Dynasty's decline would be reversed.
Song Qinzong also agreed to do this at the beginning. After all, the Jin soldiers were on the way to retreat. But when he heard that the Jin army marshal Nianhan, who was in Datong, Shanxi, was about to go south again, he was so scared that he quickly recalled the troops who pursued the Jin army on the Oqinbu East Road, and also replaced border generals such as Zhong Shidao and Yao Gu who could lead troops to fight. Li Gang, who had no experience in fighting in front of the battle, was appointed as the envoy of the Propagandao of the Two Rivers, and went to the north of the Yellow River to deal with the Jin soldiers' invasions.
However, the Jin soldiers went south for the second time. The Jin marshal Wanyan Loushi ordered the army to beat the drums south of the Yellow River all night, which scared the Song general on the south bank and ran away. On November 24, the first year of the Jin Dynasty, the east and west armies of the Jin Dynasty arrived at the city of Bianjing and carried out the second siege. This time, the royal army in various places has not been delayed, and the morale of the Song army has become even lower. Song Qinzong wants to discuss peace and stop the troops, and is even willing to cede the entire land north of the Yellow River. But the more Qinzong surrendered, the more courageous the Jin people attacked the city fiercely, and asked the timid Song emperor to go out of the city to negotiate peace before he was willing to stop the attack.
In despair, Song Qinzong actually believed a sorcerer named Guo Jing. He said that he could use the "Six-Argent War" and recruited 7,777 Beidou Divine Soldiers and 12,000 Six Dings, and took the two marshals of the Jin Kingdom. As a result, Song Qinzong appointed him as the Wuyi Doctor to order him to fight. Guo Jing actually opened the city gate and allowed the followers to be killed by the Jin army. He actually fled south to Xiangyang. When the suspension bridge of the moat was full of corpses, the suspension bridge could not be pulled up, the Jin soldiers took advantage of the situation and captured the outer city wall, entered the outer city of Bianliang, and then entered the inner city of the palace.
At this time, the Jin people proposed to return to the emperor, Song Huizong Zhao Ji, who had already returned, to leave the city to negotiate peace before they were willing to stop the army. Song Qinzong even sent eleven sect kings out of the city to the Jin camp to apologize, but they were rejected by the Jin people. In the end, Song Qinzong went to the Jin camp in person and praised the surrender on the spot, which made all the soldiers and civilians of Bianliang cry loudly.
After the Jin people forced Song Qinzong to return to the palace, they carried out a more harsh property plundering operation on the military and civilians in the city than the first time. At the same time, the Song people were asked to hand over 1,500 girls to go to Jin camp to work. In addition, the barbaric Jin people actually proposed to send a collection of essays by Su Dongpo, Huang Tingjian and others, as well as Si Guangma's "Zizhi Tongjian ", which also destined to the end of the complete sinicization of the Jin Dynasty towards decay and decline.
When Bianliang City handed over more than 517,000 taels of gold, more than 14.32,000 taels of silver, and a dazzling array of treasures, the two marshals of the Jin Kingdom smiled again. On the tenth day of the first lunar month of the second year of Jingkang, Song Qinzong went to the Jin camp in person, preparing to send off the Jin people and retreat again.
Ko this time, the Jin people stayed in Qinzong under the name of playing polo , and on the other hand, blackmailed the Song people 160,000 taels of gold, six million taels of silver, six hundred virgins and some female officials in the palace. The marshal of the Jin army, Olibu, had long heard of the number one beauty in the Song Dynasty, and the beloved daughter of Emperor Huizong of Song Dynasty, Zhao Fujin, so he thought about getting this girl, but at that time, Emperor Fujin was already the daughter-in-law of Cai Jing and Taishi Cai's family.
The Jin people didn't care about so many, and forced the Song people to give 47 noble women from the family of ministers including Cai Jing and Tong Guan to send them to the Jin camp for the enjoyment of the Jin soldiers.On the sixth day of the second month of the second year of Jingkang, the two great marshals of the Jin army, after asking for the purpose of Jin Tai, announced the "Abolishing the State and Recruiting the Imperial Edict", deposed the throne of Song Qinzong Zhao Huan on the spot, and removed the national name of the "Great Song" (soon, they established the Song Dynasty minister Zhang Bangchang as Emperor Chu, and later Liu Yu), and decided to escort Song Huizong and Song Qinzong all back to the Jin Dynasty for service.
At the same time, more than 3,000 concubines, concubines, concubines, princesses, princesses, and princesses of the Song Dynasty royal family were taken away. This was the second time that the Jin soldiers came to Bianliang, and received a total of more than 2.476 trillion taels of gold and 7.728 trillion taels of silver. On the 28th day of the first lunar month, when more than 8,000 women were sent to Bianliang City, the entire Jin army camp fell into a cruel and extreme carnival.
At that time, many women committed suicide because they could not bear the humiliation. For example, Princess Yun, Princess Xin, Emperor Renfu, Emperor Xianfu, and Emperor Baofu were all ravaged by the inhumane Jin soldiers and lost their young life in the Jin camp. Later, the mother of Emperor Gaozong of Southern Song, Concubine Wei and his wife, Princess Xing, were also treated specially in the Jin camp. Even historical records show that after Wei was trapped in the Jin camp, there were more than 100 Jin soldiers received in one day. However, 14 years later, Wei was lucky enough to return to Zhao Gou, the son of the emperor, and became Empress Dowager Xianren of the Song Dynasty, living to the age of 80.
The daughters of Song Huizong were 26 years old at the time and the youngest was only 8 years old, but none of them survived. The Emperor Fujin, who was possessed by Marshal Olibu, was later transferred to many soldiers, and finally died in the valley road of the Jin Kingdom, and was only 22 years old at the age of 22. There is also the of Emperor Qinzong of Song, and the of Empress Zhu was also humiliated because she was humiliated. She first hanged herself but failed to commit suicide, but later she died of falling into the water. The Jin soldiers took away more than 11,500 women during this plunder.
, Song Huizong and Song Qinzong were humiliated in the Jin Dynasty. It is said that one was eventually boiled into lamp oil and bones without leaving any bones, and the other was trampled into meat paste by a horse, which was terrible. All of this is the "Jingkang Shame" that the artistic genius Song Huizong Zhao Ji brought to his great Song Dynasty and even the entire history of Chinese civilization.
