Northern Wei was the first dynasty of Northern dynasty . In 386 AD, a dynasty established by the Xianbei people, Tuoba Gui, took advantage of the opportunity of the defeat of the Former Qin in the Battle of Feishui and began to decline and split.
The capital was established in the early days of the Northern Wei Dynasty Shengle , now Helinger County, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region. Later, the capital was moved to Pingcheng , today's Datong City, Shanxi Province. Emperor Xiaowen After ascending the throne, he moved the capital to Luoyang . In 534 AD, it was divided into Eastern Wei and Western Wei. The Eastern Wei was finally replaced by Northern Qi , and the Western Wei was replaced by Northern Zhou .
Northern Wei Dynasty had a total of 145 years from 389 AD to 534 AD. There are 11 emperors in total.
Emperor Gaozong Wencheng. Tuoba Jun. Tuoba Jun is the grandson of Taiwu Emperor . He reigned from 452 to 465 AD. He reigned from 409 to 423 AD. He is the son of Emperor Taiwu Tuoba Huang . Tuoba Huang was originally the prince of Emperor Taiwu, but later he was framed by the Zhongchang Shizong and died of depression. Tuoba Huang was later posthumously named "Prince Jingmu".
In 452 AD, 1 sect love sent Jia Zhou, a small yellow party, to kill Tuobayu. Minister Changsun Huohou, Lu Li and others supported Tuoba Jun as emperor. After Tuobajun ascended the throne, he immediately sent troops to kill Zong Ai and Jia Zhou who killed the monarch. At the same time, the amnesty was announced. During his reign, he adopted the policy of rest and recuperation, considering that Emperor Taiwu sent troops to fight many times during his reign, which led to the decline of the people's livelihood in China. At the same time, the strategy of recruiting and appeaseing the northern tribes of Rouran played a role in the stability of the Northern Wei regime. Tuoba Jun died of illness in 465 AD.
The reign of Emperor Wencheng was Xing'an , Xingguang, Tai'an, and Peace.
Show ancestors and texts Emperor Tuobahong. Tuoba Hong is the eldest son of Emperor Wencheng. He reigned from 465 to 471 AD. Emperor Wencheng died young, and Tuoba Hong ascended the throne at a young age. General Cheqi Yihun took the opportunity to be specialized in the government affairs, eliminate dissidents, kill the court officials to establish their authority, and even wanted to abolish Tuoba Hong and proclaim himself emperor.
With the help of his mother, Empress Dowager Feng , Yi Hun's conspiracy was foiled. After Yihun was killed, Empress Dowager Feng was regent. Dissatisfied with Empress Dowager Feng's interference in the government affairs, Tuoba Hong abdicated to his son in 471 AD and claimed to be the Supreme Emperor. Tuoba Hong was only five years old at that time. The government affairs were still under the control of the Supreme Emperor and Empress Dowager Feng respectively. In 476 AD, Tuobahong was poisoned to death by Empress Dowager Feng.
The reign of Emperor Xianwen was Tianan and Huangxing.
Emperor Xiaowen of Emperor Gaozu. Tuobahong. Tuobahong was the eldest son of Emperor Xianwen and reigned from 471 to 499 AD. In 471 AD, he accepted the abdication of Emperor Xianwen. He was only 5 years old at the time and was regent by his grandmother, Empress Dowager Feng, and raised him.
Empress Dowager Feng carried out a series of reforms to rectify the administration of officials, and the Northern Wei Dynasty was booming. In 490 AD, Empress Dowager Feng died of illness, and Tuoba Hong began to rule in person.
In order to facilitate the governance of the country, he decided to move the capital to Luoyang. It was obstructed by the conservative forces of the Xianbei tribe. He successfully moved the capital to Luoyang under the name of attacking the Southern Qi . After moving the capital to Luoyang, Emperor Xiaowen ordered the whole country to carry out the comprehensive sinicization, change the Han system, wear Han garments, and change the Han surnames of the bureaucrats and common people. The national surname Tuoba was also changed to the Han surname "Yuan". At the same time, the Xianbei and Han people are encouraged to intermarry, which promotes ethnic integration. These reforms made the Northern Wei Dynasty stronger and richer, and the reign of Emperor Xiaowen was also the prosperous era of the Northern Wei Dynasty.
In 499 AD, Emperor Xiaowen died of illness during the march to conquer the Southern Qi Dynasty at the age of 33.
The reign of Emperor Xiaowen was Yanxing , Chengming , Taihe .
