Huang Taiji After changing Later Jin to Qing , he was determined to establish a country like the Central Plains dynasty, which was equal to the Central Plains dynasty .
Then, the Qing army entered Shanhaiguan, successfully replaced Ming Dynasty , and established the last feudal dynasty of China Qing Dynasty . This ambition was gradually pursued by emperors such as Shunzhi , Kangxi .
. In order to achieve all this, in addition to the basic policy of centralized rule, the arrangement and division of of the grassroots functions of naturally became the top priority of .
So among the more than 1,300 counties of in the Qing Dynasty, how many were officially compiled ? What kind of positions are the officials of all levels in the Qing Dynasty equivalent to today? What kind of work were the "civil servants" at that time doing?
If you want to understand all this, the first thing you should be clear is that the level in each county in the Qing Dynasty was not the same, and the government affairs were also different. It is obviously not feasible to see a leaf in .
county level formally compiled
counties in the Qing Dynasty can be roughly divided into three types, namely major counties, middle counties, and small counties. In addition to , due to different geographical locations, even counties with the same level of will have different levels of hierarchy configurations. Even if the officials have the same position, there will be differences in superiority when meeting.
This point is actually easy to understand. After remote officials arrived in Beijing , in addition to the officials in the border areas, they really had to stand honestly behind the Beijing officials. After all, under the feet of the emperor of is the real power center.
As for the county-level organization of the Qing Dynasty, there were often major officials such as county magistrates, teachers, coaches, chief clerks, inspectors, and inspect . The others belong to the less important underlying configuration .
As for the main officials, there is not much difference. Each county is almost the same, and official officers, yamen runners , etc., which are common in relevant information, are all affiliated with them.
Due to the size of the county and the different needs, the number of configurations of this type of underlying personnel will also be different from .
It is worth mentioning that counties in different regions also have differences in the personnel of the underlying configuration due to differences in development needs. There will naturally be certain differences for some gate officials, river office officials, monk association officials, Taoist association , etc.
even have lower-level official positions. Since there is no requirement for in local development, the corresponding official positions are just false titles. Folk Landlords and gentry If you want to buy an official position, most of them will start from this aspect.
Of course, the above is just the configuration of civil servant . As for military officer level, military officer never fixed. The strategic position of is different, and the number of officials and positions will be different.
Take Jiangnan and the border area as an example. In the prosperous and stable Jiangnan, most of the positions of military officials are relatively low, and can obey the county magistrate and be responsible for local public security.
can military officials in border areas often be able to mobilize troops independently and obey the command of generals in the army.
has not been specifically used in a certain county, so from the top-level situation, it is magistrate (above the county magistrate, a large county or a county around the capital), county magistrate, chief clerk, classics, patrol officer, and mail are the main standard configurations.
The remaining training, gate officials, river office officials, monks' association officials, and Taoist association officials shall be subject to the situation.
The early Qing Dynasty was fine, but the number of staff was insufficient, but most of them could manage all matters . In the later stage, while the number of people increased, the efficiency of work was actually reduced.
Comparison situation
So for the above officials, what kind of ranks do they correspond to now? First of all, as the magistrate or county magistrate, he is the highest official in the county. magistrate is the well-deserved county magistrate , while the county magistrate prefers executive deputy county magistrate.
html, taxation, household registration, public security, etc. in each county will be decided by the county magistrate.From a certain perspective, county magistrate is not only the director of the police station, but also the judge of , the director of the tax bureau , etc.
Secondly, it is the position of chief clerk . This position is similar to that of county magistrate, and the scope of management of affairs is also in the above aspects. However, compared with the position of the county magistrate, the position of the chief clerk is lower than that of and .
Not only that, the county magistrate also has the right to ask the chief clerk to focus on what aspects of and what aspects of cannot be asked about.
As the saying goes, official first-level crushing people to death . Even if the chief clerk is dissatisfied, he can only hold it in his heart. Only after the county magistrate was promoted would they have the opportunity to replace .
and dictionary . It is mainly supervision prison. has the same truth as the current warden , and this is also one of the few places where county magistrates can relax.
However, because of the geographical location or actual situation of , if a county does not have a county magistrate or chief clerk, then Dianshi is also similar to the acting county magistrate of while supervising prisoners. Although the setting of is not confusing, is indeed nothing to be preferred.
Finally, there are patrol inspection, postmaster , as well as monks' associations, Taoist escorts, river office officials, etc. The first two are nothing more than police and postal officials , and the latter few items are more difficult to subdivided than .
As for the gate officials mentioned above, it is even rarer. There were only 32 people in the entire Qing Dynasty, which is probably similar to the current director of the Water Conservancy Bureau .
Overall, this system method can be regarded as the preferred period of the feudal dynasty, but today, it is obviously is outdated.
