" Railway Guerrilla " is a small anti-Japanese armed force that mainly operates on the southern section of the Jinpu Railway and the Linzao branch line. Their stories are full of legends, and then, Xu Guangtian's story was even more legendary among legends, because this army was also shaped by him.
As a Class A combat hero and the founder of the Railway Guerrillas, Xu Guangtian embarked on an unexpected path after the victory of the Anti-Japanese War. Why is this in the middle?
Xu Guangtian’s legendary life
In the summer of 1943, the Shandong Military Region held a provincial combat hero and model conference.
Jiaodong , Bohai , Luzhong, Binhai and other military regions have selected combat heroes and models, and combat heroes from all over the world are also gathered here.
They made great contributions to their respective combat positions. At the meeting, they also reported their deeds in their combat careers to everyone.
Obviously, this hero and model meeting is also a major event that happened in Shandong anti-Japanese base , and leaders such as the party, government, military and civilians attach great importance to it.
It is precisely because the anti-Japanese base was bleeding and sacrificed in the struggle between the heroic Eighth Route Army and the enemy and puppet army and feudal landlord armed forces with the support of the people that it finally established an extremely strong anti-Japanese base, which made many people turn over and continue to liberate from the enemy's control.
Hero Model Association once brought those heroes of the railway guerrillas into everyone's vision, including Xu Guangtian.
Xu Guangtian was selected as a Class A combat hero at this conference. He also told everyone the stories of the past at the conference, which caused a great sensation among the majority of participants.
Everyone has heard of the local activities of the railway guerrillas, but at this hero and model meeting, Xu Guangtian's story was told more comprehensively.
In the minds of everyone, Xu Guangtian is indeed a well-deserved combat hero.
Indeed, Xu Guangtian had already joined the anti-Japanese team shortly after the full-scale war of resistance began.
In March 1938, due to the loss of his "rice bowl", Xu Guangtian's hatred of the Japanese became stronger and stronger, and he also joined the Kuomintang Cui Wu's team nearby.
can fight against Japan, and he still has a family to support him. However, after working with Cui Wu of the Kuomintang for several months, Xu Guangtian also felt that this was a future-proof thing, so he simply went to find some "private work" by himself.
He looked around and there was no convenient place to start, so he focused his attention on the train.
So at first he got on the train where the Japanese transported supplies to steal some black charcoal, and then stole some other things. During that time, the Japanese also found that the things they transported were always missing, and naturally became suspicious. However, because there was no clue to search, the lost items did not have much impact, so they did not rush to investigate.
On the other side, Xu Guangtian's mind was getting faster and faster. After he did it a few times, he also found that there were machine gun and large lid rifles on the enemy train, and he had other thoughts in his mind.
Around October 1939, Xu Guangtian's method of striking the train became more and more skillful. He called Wang Zhisheng, Hong Zhenhai and others to get on the train together and slowly took off more than a dozen Japanese rifles. Seeing that time was still relatively good, he took two machine guns by the way.
and these were definitely considered scarce materials at that time, and Xu Guangtian's story gradually spread. After that, the railway guerrillas belonging to the Eighth Route Army officially appeared.
Railway guerrillas were able to play an important role at that time, which was also related to the environment in which the soldiers were in at that time.
At that time, everyone's living conditions were very bad. The Japanese invaders carried out "strengthening public security" in the Shandong-nan area, and continued to carry out crazy "sweeping", which prompted the channels of the anti-Japanese base areas in southern Shandong and the situation was very difficult. Under such huge pressure, the troops could only be scattered everywhere, and there was no way to truly gather together, and the strength was not that strong.
Therefore, guerrilla war has also become the main way to deal with the situation. Every time you are dispatched, you need to look at the right time.
In this case, it is not surprising that the railway guerrillas can play an extremely positive role. In the early days, they could seize weapons that were difficult to obtain on the battlefield after taking action, and the casualty rate was very low, which is also the most suitable method.
As Anti-Japanese War was anxious, many of the railway guerrillas' operations gradually grew larger, which also made the enemy panic.
In 1940, 18 railway guerrillas got on the train at Zaozhuang and other places, and there were more than a dozen Japanese soldiers in the carriage. As soon as the train left Zaozhuang, several other team members got on the train. When the Japanese soldiers heard something, they immediately prepared to pull out their guns. At this time, all the "passengers" around appeared and knocked these Japanese soldiers down on the spot.
With the joint efforts of the soldiers, these Japanese soldiers were quickly eliminated, and then the team members got out of the car with the spoils. There are actually relatively few cases of getting on the car and doing things directly because the risks are relatively high.
Usually, they usually adopt the "smart" approach.
For example, in 1941, several members of the railway guerrillas went to Lincheng Station. They only got up three people and grabbed the captain. After they arrived at the ambush of other team members, the team members in the car opened the "sealing pipe" and directly took off the three cars behind. After the train drove away, all the goods in the three cars turned into spoils.
not long after this incident, the team members heard that there was a large amount of cloth in a train, so they dispatched again late at night. But this time, the Japanese soldiers were obviously on guard, and the doors were all closed, and the team members could not open the door from the outside in a short time.
So, everyone simply squatted on the hook and pulled down the entire train behind.
At that time, there were more than 30 Japanese soldiers on the car, but they didn't know at all. The cloth calculated in tons of them were taken away. When the car drove to Xuzhou , the enemy suddenly discovered the situation.
In order to transfer, these Japanese soldiers quickly rushed back to search, but found that the railway guerrillas had no trace of even a shadow, so they simply fired a few random shots at the scene of the incident and left some "counter marks" and went back to report.
Later, the railway guerrillas simply upgraded their methods, even dug up the railway tracks and blew up the trains. Overall, they always completed the operation without any danger, causing a huge blow to the enemy.
For Xu Guangtian, he did so many major events that caused a sensation in the local area, but he himself was injured several times in these high-risk battles, and his younger brother who worked with him also died in the battle. These are also his extremely heartbreaking side.
However, these soldiers have very flexible brains and also show a relatively obvious disadvantage, that is, they are almost at the level of ideological and political . The comrades have a bit of heroism, they are more concerned about personal gains and losses, and lack organizational concepts. These also laid the trouble for some later things.
The other side of the hero
Because Xu Guangtian was gradually established as a heroic model at that time, and the things he did were magical, his reputation became increasingly greater, especially among the people, his story was also extremely exciting.
Decisiveness and alertness are a major feature of Xu Guangtian. The people have deified his characteristics through word of mouth. No one doubts that he can beat ten.
Moreover, his "coming without a trace" also makes most people not recognize him, and those who do not understand his true image have even more imaginative imaginations about him.
Occasionally when Xu Guangtian shows up, the people are also very willing to cooperate.
The railway guerrillas encountered danger and the masses would help each other when they knew about it. It can also be said that without the close cooperation of the local people, these heroes would not be born.
As long as the railway guerrillas appear in the surrounding villages for action, the masses there will take the initiative to help them block the news. Even if the puppet army robbed the heads, the people are determined not to tell where the Eighth Route Army is.
When their soldiers recover from their fellow villagers' homes, the people will take the initiative to keep watch.
, such as
, will be several miles away, and a person will stand in a section. If the person in front finds traces of the enemy, he will pass them to the second person with a predetermined mark, and pass them on in sequence. When the enemy enters the village to "search and suppress" the railway guerrillas, the members of the railway guerrillas have already completed the transfer and will not leave any traces.
Another time, due to an emergency, hundreds of enemy and puppet troops suddenly broke into the village. Xu Guangtian and the soldiers were in the village. The situation was extremely critical and they were all ready for battle.
But at this moment, the village chief suddenly stood up and said to the leading Japanese: "Don't search, I promise, as long as there is an Eighth Route Army here, I will cut off my head."
The other party refused to give in and insisted, "You said there is no, you should search."
The village chief was anxious and immediately said, "Then I will search with you. Pull out the command knife, and as long as you search one, I will kill me on the spot."
Seeing that the village chief was so "sincere", the leading Japanese thought the village chief wanted to be praised, so they simply did not search the village.
After a false alarm, the soldiers of the railway guerrillas quickly moved to other places.
These combat experiences also run through the entire War of Resistance Against Japan, and the heroic stories of Xu Guangtian and others are constantly told by local people.
Therefore, a writer named Liu Zhixia also began to write the novel "Railway Team", hoping to use a pen to pass on the stories of the heroes.
During that period, Liu Zhixia also went to interview Xu Guangtian. After a while, the two gradually became familiar with each other.
Liu Zhixia wrote: Xu Guangtian is of medium shape, always wearing plain clothes, smiling when speaking, and looks like a shy girl, but once he glares at his eyes, he is full of murderous aura.
After more than one visit, Liu Zhixia also had a clear outline of the story of the railway guerrillas, and those combat deeds also deeply inspired Liu Zhixia, making him want to write this story regardless of everything.
However, what Liu Zhixia did not expect was that Xu Guangtian actually rebelled after the War of Resistance.
After his careful thinking, he still clarified his ideas and analyzed the reasons behind Xu Guangtian's practices.
At that time, a comrade also said to Liu Zhixia: "Xu Guangtian has been betrayed and cannot write "Railway Team".
, but Liu Zhixia's attitude is: it is precisely because the Xu Guangtian incident that he has to write the novel "Railway Team". Because without the prototype characters, he can get rid of the constraints of real people and real things, and can use the struggle experiences of other real characters in life as a basis, and add artistic elements to create, especially in the character of the characters, and can also create boldly.
It is precisely because of Liu Zhixia's persistence at that time that the people of the whole country learned about the legendary story of the railway guerrillas later, and the remakes of film and television works have become memories of many people.
However, the image of "Xu Guangtian" has actually disappeared almost.
In fact, the fuse that led to Xu Guangtian's rebellion was already reflected during his anti-Japanese war.
First of all, he and his family also have incomes and rely mainly on railways. However, in the face of bullying by the Japanese, their family's livelihoods have problems, so Xu Guangtian chose to fight against Japan with great enthusiasm.
There is no doubt that Xu Guangtian is a great hero in the fight against Japan, but he must consider his ideological education work even more. If he cannot understand some deeper truths, once the fight against Japan is over, he may fall into a confusion.
During those days, Xu Guangtian's brother was disabled due to the battle, and his younger brother was sacrificed again. Xu Guangtian himself was also injured many times, which caused problems in the labor force in the family .
After the end of the anti-Japanese war, Chiang Kai-shek directly demolished the railway for the purpose of preventing the Communist army from heading north, which further means that Xu Guangtian's family lost the only source of income.
Moreover, under some publicity at that time, Xu Guangtian also felt that he was a hero. He felt that he was a hero. Many people around him looked up to him, but he did not have a clear cognitive status about himself. He believed that since he was a hero in everyone's heart, he should have a practical position to set off the mark.
However, after Xu Guangtian was only arranged to be a company commander after the victory of the Anti-Japanese War, in charge of the spear squadron. The people who followed Xu Guangtian had a higher position than him, so Xu Guangtian felt unbalanced.
Later, the organization quickly considered that Xu Guangtian’s arrangements were not comprehensive enough, and the Lunan Military Region was also preparing to appoint Xu Guangtian as battalion commander.
can be ordered, Xu Guangtian has long disappeared, and he has already returned home in anger.
On the other side, there was already a traitor from . The enemy found Xu Guangtian and held a banquet to entertain him, giving him enough face. in this way, Xu Guangtian was shaken and finally ran to become the spy company commander and stood opposite the people.
Liu Zhixia commented on this history: "Because he neglected to transform his own thoughts, he could not stand the test under the new situation of class struggle and slipped onto the shameful road of surrender and betrayal. For this reason, I feel deeply regretful."
Because he could not overcome the hurdle in his heart, Xu Guangtian's "life" has actually ended by himself.
Such a great hero during the War of Resistance Against Japan, his ending was extremely bleak.
During the Liberation War, after being liberated in southern Shandong, Xu Guangtian was arrested by the public security department for his rebellion.
When hearing this case, the public security department considered his past contributions and also considered that he was not very harmful to the enemy and did not commit any serious crimes, so he was sentenced to 2 years in prison for .
In the early 1960s, Xu Guangtian eventually died of illness in poverty.
reference
Xu Guangtian and the "iron track gambler team" Communist Party News Network
"Railway Guerrillas" creation process written by Liu Zhixia. Railway Guerrillas
