The ancestor of the Qing Dynasty Aisin Gioro Fulin is the third emperor of the Qing Dynasty Shunzhi . Shunzhi There were 8 princes in his life. In February 1661, the 24-year-old Emperor Shunzhi died of illness due to infection with smallpox.
The day before his death, Emperor Shunzhi pondered three times and finally made a last order.
After Emperor Shunzhi passed away, the former cabinet bachelor Maleji and the imperial guards held the will in his hands and first reported to the Empress Dowager, and immediately announced the content of the will: made the 8-year-old third son Aisin Gioro Xuanye the crown prince, inherited the throne, and appointed Sony , Suksaha , Ebilong, and Obai as the auxiliary ministers.
According to the throne inheritance system in the Qing Dynasty, Emperor Shunzhi should follow the principle of establishing the eldest son and establishing the legitimate son, and choose the older and virtuous and virtuous princes among the 8 princes as the heirs.
At that time, because the eldest son of the emperor died young, Emperor Shunzhi's eldest son was the second prince Aisin Gioro Fuquan , and The third prince Aisin Gioro Xuanye was still young and was born in a villain. Why did Emperor Shunzhi finally make Xuanye the heir of the country? What is the fate of the other princes of Emperor Shunzhi?
Emperor Shunzhi, who was in his prime but was taken away by smallpox, was the most famous royal mother and son in history.
As the first emperor of the Qing Dynasty after entering the pass, Emperor Shunzhi, who ascended the throne at the age of 6, cared too many expectations and longings for Xiaozhuang .
In order for his son to have a stable power to rely on and the prosperity of the Borjigit tribe of his mother's Mongolian family, Xiaozhuang successively selected 2 Mongolian empresses and 3 Mongolian concubines for Emperor Shunzhi. Among them, the first empress in Shunzhi was Xiaozhuang's niece, and the second empress was Xiaozhuang's granddaughter.
However, Xiaozhuang's painstaking efforts were rarely understood and accepted by Emperor Shunzhi. After the young Emperor Shunzhi entered the rebellious period, he felt very awkward about the "arranged everything" around him. Because he had been influenced by Han culture since he was a child, Emperor Shunzhi was not interested in the illiterate and lacked gentleness of Mongolian concubines.
In the end, Emperor Shunzhi deposed the first queen to Jingfei despite the face of his mother Xiaozhuang, and then made the second Mongolian queen, who was also from the Borjigit tribe, live alone in the cold palace for a long time and never favored .
In the eighth year of ascending the throne as emperor, Shunzhi, at the age of 14, completed the wedding ceremony, and then married many concubines in the harem one after another. Although almost no one of the concubines at that time could make Emperor Shunzhi love, appreciate and be happy.
But the precocious Emperor Shunzhi reached the age of being full of energy and youth. After all, he was lucky enough to see several concubines and female relatives in the harem, and at the end of the eighth year of Shunzhi, he got his eldest son - Aisin Gioro Niu Niu .
The eldest son of the emperor, Niu Niu, was a concubine's concubine, but the birth of Niu Niu was just a palace maid. Niu Niu's birth was also a product of the emperor's whim. "Drafts of Qing History: Princess's World" records: Niu Niu, the first son of the Emperor of Heaven, died early.
, and in some Qing history anecdotes, it was mentioned that because the concubine Ba Shi and the eldest son Niu Niu have no background power to rely on, the mother and son are afraid that they will not be able to save their lives in the harem, so they decided to leave the palace.
, and in order to preserve the face of Emperor Shunzhi, the Qing historians recorded the eldest son Niu Niu as "death early", making him "disappeared early" in people's sight.
Emperor Shunzhi's strong fertility has been shown well in the years before and after his wedding. Although Shunzhi, who was only dedicated to Dong Efei, died only when he lived to the age of 24, he gave birth to 8 princes and 6 princesses in total.
Back then, after Dong Efei, who was deeply favored, gave birth to the fourth son, Emperor Shunzhi was excited and said in public: This son is my first son!
shows that Emperor Shunzhi's love and value for the fourth son far exceeds that of other princes. Regardless of his attitude or his performance, he wants to establish the fourth son as the crown prince.
However, the fourth son born to Dong Efei was weak and he died in the end and died a few months after he was born.
Before the pain of losing his son was exhausted, Dong Efei, who obeyed the etiquette and filial piety, hurriedly hid his sorrow and hiding his feelings, and went to serve the sick Queen Mother Xiaozhuang despite her physical weakness.
Day and night-long fatigue, coupled with the sadness that has nowhere to pour out in my heart, led to Dong Efei's physical and mental fatigue and depression becoming increasingly exhausted and unable to get rid of. After losing her beloved son for two years, Dong Efei, who had been forced to smile, finally couldn't hold on and died of illness in the bedroom of Chengqian Palace.
Historical records show that Emperor Shunzhi was heartbroken and sad because of the departure of Dong Efei, and his health was greatly affected.
Half a year after Dong Efei died, Emperor Shunzhi contracted smallpox and eventually died in Hall of the Forbidden City , Hall of the Heart of the Heart at the age of only 24.
Why did Emperor Shunzhi abandon his older son Fuquan and choose Kangxi inherit the throne
Emperor Shunzhi's deep affection for Dong Efei is no less than Huang Taiji 's passionate love for Hailanzhu . The beloved concubine Dong E's death made the sad Emperor Shunzhi quickly fell ill in bed. Perhaps Emperor Shunzhi guessed that he had not had much time, so he summoned his confidant ministers and repeatedly discussed which prince should be appointed as the crown prince.
Shunzhi Emperor once sought the opinions of missionary TangJoin on the matter of establishing a crown prince. When Emperor Shunzhi was tortured by smallpox and became unbearable, TangJoin suggested based on previous cases of smallpox disease in the West: The emperor should have appointed a prince who has obtained smallpox to inherit the throne, because people who have smallpox disease will basically not get infected with this disease again, so only by accrediting a healthy and strong new emperor can we ensure the stability and long-term stability of the country.
When Emperor Shunzhi was seriously ill, among the eight princes born, the eldest son and fourth son who had died were eliminated, there were 6 princes to choose from.
and among the six princes, the oldest is the 9-year-old second prince Fuquan, who has never won smallpox.
The second age is Xuanye, the third prince who has already obtained smallpox and has recovered. At that time, Xuanye was over 8 years old, and the rest of the princes were just children under 4 years old .
After thinking about it, Emperor Shunzhi finally chose the third prince Aisin Gioro Xuanye to inherit the throne.
Although Xuanye is neither a legitimate nor a eldest, he has many outstanding features :
First, Xuanye is diligent, intelligent, ambitious, and is loved and favored by Xiaozhuang;
Second, Fuquan is physically disabled, relatively speaking, Xuanye is healthy and looks more suitable for being the future monarch of the Qing Dynasty;
Third, Xuanye's biological mother Tong Jia was in before her marriage was married, and her mother's family was strong and could help Xuanye sit firmly on the throne;
Fourth, Xuanye had smallpox acne at that time, and such a prince would no longer be infected with smallpox disease, which was extremely mortal, so his physical fitness and conditions were undoubtedly more suitable to be the emperor.
On February 4, 1661, the seriously ill Emperor Shunzhi drafted the heir to the throne and wrote the last edict. Late the next night, the young emperor unfortunately took his life by smallpox.
Subsequently, the ministers passed the will of Emperor Shunzhi and announced that the 8-year-old third son, Aisin Gioro Xuanye, had been made the crown prince and inherited the throne of the Yangtze River.
What is the final outcome of the princes of Shunzhi
After Emperor Kangxi ascended the throne, no incident of royal brothers and brothers jealousy and tragic deaths occurred. Because Emperor Kangxi is generous, his attitude towards several emperor brothers and brothers is still kind and kind.
The empress Kangxi, who was the emperor, relied heavily on his brother Fuquan. In the first month of the sixth year of Kangxi, Emperor Kangxi appointed Aisin Jueluo Fuquan as Prince Yu and ordered him to participate in the political discussion.
Fuquan was happy to be a virtuous king who was loyal to the emperor and protect the country, so he led his troops to fight several times throughout his life, trying his best to eliminate the enemy chaos on the border for the country.
Later, when Fuquan passed away, Kangxi was in pain. He not only ordered the funeral of Prince Yu to be organized in high standards, but also added the posthumous title "Xian" to the deceased emperor's brother to show respect and remembrance.
The fourth son of Emperor Shunzhi was the only heir born to Concubine Dong E who died young. This fourth son was probably born weak and died before he could be given the name by Emperor Shunzhi. It was too regretful to survive in this world for only a few months.
Aisin Gioro Changning is the fifth son of Emperor Shunzhi. In the tenth year of Kangxi, Changning was granted the title of Prince Gong.
In 1690 AD, Kangxi led his troops to the Galdan, and Prince Gong Changning accompanied him to the battlefield and was awarded the honor of "General Anbei".
In fact, Prince Gong Changning is a mediocre person who likes comfort. His lazy nature has never been favored by Kangxi, so Kangxi's relationship with the emperor's brother Changning is mediocre.
In 1703 AD, Prince Gong Changning died. Kangxi only wrote an inscription of more than 100 words for him to mourn him. He never gave Prince Gong a posthumous title like Prince Yu who missed his death.
The sixth son of Emperor Shunzhi was named Aisin Gioro Qishou . He was 5 years younger than his brother Kangxi and died on November 6, the fourth year of Kangxi. He was only seven years old.
Kangxi's seventh brother was named Aisin Gioro Longxi . In the thirteenth year of Kangxi, 14-year-old Longxi was named Prince Chun. The following year, he was assigned to Prince Chun as "Assistant", which is equivalent to today's rank of lieutenant colonel, and has been hereditary.
However, four years later, Prince Chun, who was in the age of Huamao, suddenly fell seriously ill. Emperor Kangxi felt anxious after hearing this. Not only did he go to the royal palace to visit his elder brother Longxi many times, but he also ordered the imperial doctor to cure Prince Chun's illness no matter what.
Unfortunately, Prince Chun was also a person with a poor life. He died of illness in the summer of 1679 AD because of the lack of medicine and stone. He was still under 20 years old.
The eighth son of Emperor Shunzhi was named Aisin Gioro Yonggan . The prince was born in the 17th year of Shunzhi, but unfortunately died early in the sixth year of Kangxi. He died at the age of 7 and did not receive any title.
Overall, Kangxi, the heir of the dynasty selected by Emperor Shunzhi himself, was very qualified. Among the princes under Emperor Shunzhi, only Kangxi lived the longest time. After 68 years of spring and autumn, he finally died suddenly in the southern suburbs due to an acute cold.
Emperor Kangxi ascended the throne at a young age and worked diligently and conscientiously throughout his life. He conquered Galdan, pacified the Three Feudalists, and conquered Taiwan, laying the foundation for China's territory and governing the Qing Dynasty's country and country extremely steadily and smoothly.
In order to praise Kangxi's contribution to the country, people from later generations not only called Kangxi the "Eternal Emperor", but also believed that among the emperors of all dynasties, those who could compete with Kangxi in managing internal affairs, except for Emperor Guangwu Liu Xiu , they were Tang Taizong Li Shimin, no third person could surpass him.
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