Preface
In 2012, in Hanjiawan, Xianyang City, Shaanxi Province, a group of people wearing volunteer vests wandered around the village. When they met the elderly in the village, they would bend and ask something.
Among the volunteers, there is a middle-aged man in a suit and ties. A team of more than a dozen strangers is particularly eye-catching in this little-known village.
"Old man, do you know that decades ago, there was a 13-year-old boy who once gave a jade to the museum?" A volunteer saw the old man sitting under the tree and asked with a bent over.
The old man's eyes froze, he paused, and said, "I don't know, I don't know."
did not get the answer he wanted, so the volunteer said goodbye to the old man and turned and left. The old man watched them leave and knew that he could not see the volunteers. The old man staggered home, shouting while walking.
"Xiaobao! Xiaobao! Go and find your cousin and tell him that there are strangers coming to find your cousin. It is for the jade from decades ago, so that your cousin must not say that he picked it up!" After hearing this, a little boy ran out quickly and disappeared soon.
I really don’t know. I haven’t come to you for decades because of that thing, but now I’m here for what I’m here. The old man who was parked in place thought, and the crutches in his hand stomped on the ground and "bang dong".
What is the purpose of this group of people coming to Hanjiawan? What is that piece of jade that was picked up?
Filial boy who subsidizes the household
In 1968, in Hanjiawan, Xianyang City, Shaanxi Province, a teenager ran into the house and quickly threw his schoolbag on the table.
"Dad! I'm out!" The boy's crisp voice sounded in the farmyard.
"Be careful, Liangzi!" The person who responded to the boy was a strong male voice.
"Hey! I know!" The boy's voice gradually faded away, leaving only a little echo, echoing in the courtyard.
The boy's name is Kong Zhongliang. He is a middle school student in Hanjiawan, Xianyang City, Shaanxi Province. He is 13 years old this year. Most of the families in Hanjiawan are those who serve the land, and most of them are not well off, and the same is true for Kong Zhongliang's family.
Kong Zhongliang is a filial child. A few years ago, Kong Zhongliang discovered that in a small canal not far from home, he could pick up a lot of soaked nails and copper hemp coins. These worthless little things can also reduce the burden on the family if they accumulate.
On this day, after school, Kong Zhongliang took his own basket and walked towards the canal as usual. With one foot down, what you touch is refreshing coolness. In addition to being able to subsidize some household use, the coolness of the small canal is also the reason why Kong Zhongliang is working tirelessly.
He hummed a little song and picked up his "little treasures" in the canal. Suddenly, Kong Zhongliang saw something white. The thing shines brightly in the sun and is particularly conspicuous in the grey pile of stones.
Driven by curiosity, Kong Zhongliang picked up that thing. When I picked it up, I found that except for a corner that Kong Zhongliang saw, the rest was wrapped in dirt. Kong Zhongliang took the thing, rinsed it in the water, and then buckled it with his hands. Finally, the whole picture of China and the West was presented to him.
Its overall shape is square, and above the object is a creature like a tiger, and under the tiger is a base, which is uneven and very uncomfortable.
But it is snow-white all over, and there are some red lines hanging, which is cool and warm in your hand. The subconscious mind told Kong Zhongliang that this is a good thing. So Kong Zhongliang carefully put it into his small basket and found some soaking nails and copper coins. It was not until the sun set that he embarked on his journey home.
After returning home, Kong Zhongliang, who had gained a lot, put down his small basket, sat at the table to complete his homework according to usual habits, and waited until the sun was completely set and the night was covering the earth. Only then did Kong's father clean up and shouted Kong Zhongliang for dinner.At the dinner table, Kong Zhongliang, who was eating deliciously, always felt that he had forgotten something. His eyes were circling at home until he saw the small basket in the corner that he remembered the extra gains today.
Kong Zhongliang hurriedly finished the rice in the bowl, rushed to the small basket, took out the thing that looked extraordinary, and placed it in front of Dad Kong.
"Dad, look, when I went to pick up nails and copper coins today, I picked up such a thing."
After saying that, Dad Kong picked up the thing that was handed over by Kong Zhongliang as if he was offering treasures and looked carefully under the light. Kong Zhongliang, who was beside him, swallowed his saliva.
can make my dad so serious, it seems that it is not an ordinary thing.
After a while, Dad Kong carefully put down the things in his hand and said to Kong Zhongliang, who was curious on the side, "Son, this thing should be a cultural relic."
"Cultural relic?" Kong Zhongliang was a little shocked. For children born in Shaanxi, they have long been accustomed to the ancient things. For example, the basket of copper and hemp coins he picked up this afternoon are some ancient coins. Not only are they valuable, but they are all full of canals.
However, cultural relics are different, cultural relics are priceless things!
Since it was something my son picked up, Dad Kong asked cautiously: "Son, what are you going to do with this thing?" Kong Zhongliang, who was beside
, answered firmly: "That must be handed over to the country!"
Dad Kong was very pleased when he heard this. He touched Kong Zhongliang's head and said, "Dad will take you to the museum tomorrow. Let's hand over the things."
The trip to Xi'an for the kind boy
Early the next morning, the father and son embarked on a journey to Xi'an with wrapped cultural relics.
In 1968, the transportation from Xianyang to Xi'an was not convenient. The father and son set off early in the morning and took three hours to arrive in Xi'an.
The father and son who arrived in Xi'an did not stop for a moment. They immediately rushed to the then Shaanxi Provincial Museum , which is today's Beilin Museum .
Xi'an Stele Forest Museum was established in 1944 and is affiliated to Shaanxi Provincial Cultural Relics Bureau . It is a local thematic museum dedicated to collecting, researching and displaying steles, epitaphs and stone carvings from all dynasties.
As soon as the father and son entered the museum, they were shocked by a large number of cultural relics in the museum.
Under the erosion of time, they no longer look like they used to be, but they still shine in the exhibition hall thousands of years later with their own connotations. It is said that "time never defeats beauty", and the same is true for these historical miracles.
Dad Kong couldn't help but hold on to his backpack. When he thought about the things inside, which might be something as valuable as these collections, he couldn't help but feel nervous.
They looked around in the museum, and the staff beside them saw it. The enthusiastic staff walked up and asked, "Hello, do you need an explanation of the collection?"
Hearing the staff's words, Kong Zhongliang and his son waved their hands quickly: "No, no, we want to find your director."
"Is there anything wrong with our service?" When they heard that they were looking for the director, the young staff were also a little panicked.
"No." The young Kong Zhongliang said, "We want to hand in something." In the early days of the founding of the country, with the prevalence of the family contract responsibility system , every household planted their own farmland. In Shaanxi, when farmers reclaim land, they often excavate cultural relics. But in the early years, no one noticed this aspect, so a large number of cultural relics were lost or died during that period.
Later, the government discovered this phenomenon and sent people to promote the " Cultural Relics Protection Law " in various places. After a long period of publicity, many people would contact museums and other institutions when they discovered precious cultural relics.
Hearing what Kong Zhongliang and his son said, the staff took them to the museum's lounge.
"You guys wait, I'll call the director out."
Soon, a middle-aged man walked in from behind the door. That man was the director of the museum back then. After simply saying hello, Kong Zhongliang and his son took out the things in their backpack.
"Director, this is my son picked it up from the canal. It looks like a cultural relic. We are here to hand it over today." Dad Kong said, and handed the things in his hand to the director.
Director took the things from Dad Kong's hand and opened the wrapped white cloth. The director saw the things wrapped inside. The preliminary judgment should be a seal of age, which is extremely warm when held in the hand. The raw material should be jade. What kind of jade is, the curator cannot judge it yet. The upper part of the seal of
is a crawling Chihu . The Chihu eyes are prominent and very majestic. There are still some residual red pigment on its body. In the lower part, there is a white jade base. Since it is a seal, there will definitely be words or patterns that need to be printed.
After checking the surface of this seal, the director flipped it over. The four seal script large characters at the bottom were very clear. When the curator saw the big characters, he suddenly became excited.
"Director, what is written on it?" Seeing the director so excited, the young Kong Zhong asked in surprise. The director of
trembled his hands and stroked the four extremely clear words - the Queen's Seal!
"This is the queen's seal!"
National Treasure of the Past: Queen's Jade Seal
Jade Seal is the emperor's special seal and a symbol of the supreme royal power in ancient times. According to historical records, the use of jade seals first started in Zhou Dynasty . By Qin Dynasty , Qin Shihuang unified the world, and the application of jade seals was divided into seals and seals. Since the Qin Dynasty, seals were used exclusively for the emperor, empress and empress dowager, and were uniformly called seals for their use.
On the seal handed over by Kong Zhongliang and his son, the four big words "The Seal of the Queen" were printed, which proves that this jade seal is the imperial seal of a certain queen in history. The seal used by a country afterwards is of extraordinary value and can be said to be a national treasure! The director of
put away the "Queen Jade Seal", held Dad Kong's hand, and expressed his gratitude to them, father and son. At this time, the experts in the museum who received the news rushed to the scene. They observed the jade seal. Although they could not confirm the owner of the jade seal for a while, what is certain is that this jade seal is a real national treasure!
In order to express his gratitude, the director announced on the spot that he would issue a certificate of honor to Kong Zhongliang and his son and apply for a bonus from the government. The bonus for handing over the national treasure is quite large, a total of 1,000 yuan. In that era, it was enough to change Kong Zhongliang’s life!
However, Kong Zhongliang and his son refused the director's suggestion to apply for a bonus.
In the eyes of this simple father and son, this "Queen Jade Seal" was originally a country's thing, but it was just an accidental loss that they picked up in the canal. Since it was not their own thing, how could they say it would be worth it? In the eyes of the Kong father and son, who have been born in peasants for generations, only by relying on their own hands and through their own efforts is what they truly belong to them!
However, whether it is the director or the experts present, after experiencing many cultural relics being sold, everyone agreed that the simple and kind Kong family father and son deserve this bonus.
After several rulings, the Kong father and son used a delaying strategy. They prepared to set off home using the excuse that Kong Zhongliang had to attend class. Experts who could not resist Kong Zhongliang and his son had to give up the idea of applying for bonuses for them.
However, they did not intend to let Kong Zhongliang and his son return empty-handed. In Shaanxi in 1968, the transportation was not particularly convenient, so it cost 20 yuan to rush from Xianyang where the Kong family is located to Xi'an where the museum is located.This was not a small amount at the time.
So, the experts present gathered together and collected enough money for the Kong family and son to go home. Indeed, the car money of 40 yuan for the Kong family, which is not particularly wealthy, can be regarded as a small huge sum of money. At this time, the Kong family father and son were not shirking, and accepted the 20 yuan full of thanks and embarked on the way home.
Since then, the lives of the Kong father and son have been as usual. Kong Zhongliang also took over the hoe from his father's hand 10 years later, working hard, and living a dull and ordinary life. It seems that I have forgotten the proud thing that I have handed over a national treasure.
However, the "Queen Jade Seal" sent to the museum by the Kong family and his son was not so dull.
Origin: The symbol of of Lu Hou !
After seeing off the Kong family and his son, experts from the Beilin Museum began to investigate the origin of the "Queen's Seal".
This queen's seal is carved from jade material. It is as warm as jade and cool as jade. After expert identification, the raw material of this jade seal is the famous ancient Chinese - Hetian jade .
Hetian jade, one of the four famous jades in China. When Qin Shihuang unified China, Hetian jade was rich in Kunlun Mountain and was named "Kunshan Jade" by people at that time. It was not until the Qing Dynasty that Emperor Guangxu established Hetian Zhili Prefecture in Xinjiang that Hetian jade was officially named "Hetian Jade".
Now, the unique product among Hetian jade is the "Queen's Seal" discovered and handed over by Kong Zhongliang.
Since the Neolithic Age, my country has had a history of application of Hetian jade. Therefore, just looking at the materials of the jade seal, the origin of the jade seal cannot be found. So, the experts focused on the four big words "Queen's Seal" engraved on the jade seal.
"The Seal of the Queen" is engraved in seal script . Whether it is a writer or a seal carving, the techniques are very superb. The overall layout of the text is sparse and generous, and the font structure is square and orderly, which is consistent with the square and upright characteristics of seals in the Han Dynasty.
Later, experts discovered that in the historical book "The Old Literature of the Han Palace", there is a record: "The empress's jade seal is the same as the emperor's jade seal, and the empress's jade seal has a Chihu as a symbol." "Chihu" and "Empress's jade seal" are exactly the same as those recorded in historical books. It can be said that this empress's jade seal should be the empress's jade seal of the Han Dynasty. So, which Han Dynasty queen is this jade seal held by this jade seal?
After expert research, this jade seal is the jade seal held by the famous "poison queen" in ancient times, The empress of Liu Bang, the empress of Liu Bang - Lu Zhi .
Who is this Lu Zhi?
Lu Zhi is from Shandong. Her father is a friend of the magistrate of Pei County. Under the introduction of his friend, Lu's father met Liu Bang, who was the head of the Sishui Pavilion in Pei County. Lu's father was quite appreciative of Liu Bang, so he married his daughter Lu Zhi to Liu Bang.
After Liu Bang ascended the throne, Lu Zhi became the first queen recorded in history, with an extraordinary status. Later, Liu Ying ascended the throne, and Lu Zhi became the first recorded empress dowager in history. However, after Emperor Hui of Han ascended the throne, Lu Zhi was the mother of the emperor, and her status in the Han Dynasty increased. The ambitious Lu Zhi was unwilling to live in the descendants. Under her operation, she successfully monopolized the power in the court and became the first woman to rule the dynasty after Qin Shihuang unified China. In history, it was called "Lu Wu" together with Wu Zetian .
Lu Zhi's rule can be said to have disadvantages and advantages. Her rule laid a solid foundation for the later Wenjing's rule , but she was too biased towards her family and valued the children of the Lu family in the court, setting a precedent for the autocracy of foreign relatives in history.After cracking the origin of this empress jade seal, experts were ecstatic. This jade seal was not only the earliest empress jade seal discovered in my country, but also the first recorded empress used by the empress in history. Its research value is self-evident.
The truth is revealed: Half a century has been commended and honored
Time flies, and in a blink of an eye it is coming 2012.
In April 2012, Wang Jingping, president of a Cultural Relics Protection and Development Foundation in Shaanxi, learned from the old people of the Beilin Museum that the "Queen Jade Seal" that exists in the Beilin Museum was 45 years ago when a 13-year-old boy and his father came to hand it over.
Wang Jingping, who loves cultural relics, was shocked and decided to find the boy from that year and give the boy a formal commendation and thank him. So the beginning scene appeared.
Yes, that group of volunteers are members of the Cultural Protection and Development Foundation. In the end, the misunderstanding was solved. They found Kong Zhongliang, who was over 70 years old and had gray hair, and awarded him the "Advanced Individual Award" for protecting the site.
At the commendation meeting, Kong Zhongliang seemed very excited. He said happily: "I didn't expect that someone would think of me today. Although my life was not very good, I regretted not donating such a priceless treasure to me for free. I will continue to contribute to the protection of national cultural relics as always."
Reference:
[1] Baidu Encyclopedia Western Han Queen's Jade Seal
[2] Baidu Encyclopedia Kong Zhongliang
[3] Xinhua News Agency Queen's Seal: National Treasure Cut out from a Mud Woman
