According to the perspective of African origin theory, the ancestors of all modern people were 200,000 years ago an East African woman. Westerners named her "Eve". About 130,000 years ago, the descendants of "Eve" walked out of Africa and went to Europe, Asia, America, Oceania and other places. They had no crosses with local ancient humans at all, and completely replaced local ancient humans. Among them, about 50,000 years ago, the African Homo sapiens came to China and replaced the original ancient humans.
However, genetic research has found that modern people carry a small part of the genes of Neanderthal , which partially overturns the "African Origin theory", which scholars call it the "assimilation hypothesis". Therefore, today's "African Origin Theory" generally believes that after the expansion of African Homo sapiens, they had a certain degree of hybridization with local people, absorbing a small part of the genes of local ancient humans, but overall, most of the modern human genome still comes from modern human ancestors in Africa.
In short, genetic research is more inclined to modern humans originated in Africa, a main source and an evolutionary model, but there are different conclusions on archaeology . Modern archaeology shows that modern Chinese did not originate in Africa. If the African Homo sapiens had expanded to the East, it is very likely that ancient Chinese humans defeated the invasion of the African Homo sapiens.
1989, in Yunyang area of Shiyan City, Hubei Province, archaeological experts dug up a fossil of Homo erectus human skull, which was recognized as a kind of late Homo erectus human . Living 1 million years ago, it shocked the world.
Regarding the stone tool situation of " Yunxian people ", Henry de Renmlai, former director of the French National Museum of Natural History, said: "By studying the hand axes and other stone products unearthed from the 'Yunxian people' site, it is proved that humans lived a long time ago on in the Chinese mainland, and this period appeared earlier than in Europe."
What is extraordinary is that within a hundred kilometers of radius of the skull fossils of the "Yunxian people" were unearthed, the Meipu ape man in Yunxian County, 750,000 years ago, the Bailong Cave ape man in Yunxi 600,000 years ago, and the Huanglong Cave ape man in Yunxi 50,000 years ago.
The site similar to "Yunxian people" is a group of Nihewan ruins in Hebei. There are human remains from 2 million years ago to 10,000 years ago. They are in line with each other and there are no obvious faults in the middle.
In other words, from the perspective of "Yunxian people" and Nihewan people, it may be the local "continuous evolution of ancient humans" and eventually evolved from modern Chinese, rather than migrating from Africa.
In addition to the "Yunxian people" and Nihewan people, many ancient human relics have been discovered, including yuan 100,000 years ago, people from Lantian people from 1.15 million years ago, Beijing people from 500,000 years ago, Liaoning Taurus people from 100,000 to 200,000 years ago, Beijing Shandingdong people from 100,000 to 40,000 years, etc.
However, there is a "missing link" among these sites, that is, no human fossils found in China between 50,000 and 100,000 years. But at the beginning of the new century, archaeology dug out " Xuchang people", about 80,000 to 100,000 years ago. At the same time, it was discovered in 2006 during the excavation of the Dadiwan site in Tianshui, Gansu. The history of human activities in the site was pushed from 8,000 years ago to 60,000 years ago.
can be seen. Judging from the remains or active relics of ancient humans, modern Chinese people should be the result of the continuous evolution of local ancient humans.
More importantly, the famous paleoanthropologist and academician of the Chinese Academy of Sciences When studying the above ancient human sites, Wu Xinzhi made many important discoveries that are difficult to explain in the "African Origin theory", such as the following two:
First, the Chinese " shovel-shaped incisor ".
Today, about 80%-90% of modern Chinese people are "shovel-shaped incisors", blacks only account for 11.6%, and whites only account for 8.4%. Therefore, it can be said that "shovel-shaped incisors" are an important feature of Chinese people.
However, almost without exception, ancient Chinese humans such as the Yuanmou people who dated 1.7 million years ago and the Beijingers who dated 200,000 to 700,000 years ago have "scraper-shaped incisors".
If modern Chinese origins are from Africa, unless a group of African Homo sapiens with "shovel-shaped incisors" come to China, but why do Yuanmouren, Beijingers, etc. also have "shovel-shaped incisors"? Obviously, from the perspective of "shovel-shaped incisor", the most reasonable explanation is that the Yuanmou people, Beijingers, and modern Chinese are inherited from the same lineage, that is, the Chinese have originated independently in the local area.
Secondly, China's first model stone technology.
Archaeology shows that since 3.3 million years ago, ancient African humans have developed the first model of stone manufacturing technology, the second model developed 1.7 million years ago, and the third model developed 200,000 years ago. It is particularly important to note that from 200,000 to 50,000 years ago, the stone technology of the African Homo sapiens, which expanded to the East, was at least the third model.
What is puzzling is that the ancient human sites discovered in China have basically been based on the first model, and there are third model stone tools in a small area.
If the African Homo sapiens replaced the ancient humans in China, why did they abandon the habitual and more advanced third model and abnormally use the first model? Obviously, only if China continues to evolve can this phenomenon be reasonably explained.
Therefore, from an archaeological point of view, the Chinese should have originated more independently rather than African origin. But whether from the genetic level or the cultural level, the Chinese have indeed communicated with foreign races. What's going on? Perhaps the reason is very simple, when the African Homo sapiens "invaded" China, they were defeated and assimilated by the ancient Chinese humans.
