Founding Lieutenant General Luo Yuanfa once sighed: It is easy to fight against against Hu Zongnan, but it is difficult to fight the "two horses" in the northwest.
With its toughness and mobility, the "two horses" cavalry once dominated the northwest. Although the surname of "Two Horses" is Ma Bufang, for the people of the northwest, this person is an absolute evil wolf.
In addition, the ignorant Ma Bufang has also caused many absurd things in other aspects.
In August 1949, the first field army of was ordered to attack Lanzhou, and the battle of Lanzhou, which determined the fate of the northwest, started. On the way west, the soldiers' fighting spirit was particularly high.
Because the goal of this battle is not only to liberate the northwest, but also to avenge the enemy who slaughtered the soldiers of the West Route Army. The enemy who killed the revolutionary soldiers is Ma Bufang, the warlord of the Northwest.
After learning the news that the People's Liberation Army was about to arrive, the people in the northwest were very excited and everyone was looking forward to the fall of Ma Family Army .
Why is Ma Bufang so hated? How did such a person who is hated become the "King of Qinghai"?
Ma Bufang and his son have been trying to dominate Qinghai.
During the Gengzi Rebellion in the late Qing Dynasty, Ma Bufang's ancestor Ma Haiyan defected to Cixi and Yuan Shikai and became the general of Xining Town in the late Qing Dynasty. Later, this position was inherited by Ma Bufang's father Ma Lin .
During his tenure in Qinghai, Ma Lin's power continued to grow, and he gradually developed the ambition to control the whole of Qinghai. After the founding of the Republic of China, Ma Lin continued to curry favor with Yuan Shikai on the one hand, and on the other hand, he created his own armed force Ning Navy . His son Ma Bufang started from this army.
In the northwest at that time, Ma Hongkui and Ma Hongbin were more experienced than Ma Bufang, but in terms of strengthening their strength and winning people's hearts, Ma Bufang, who was a teenager younger than them, seemed more experienced.
Whether it is to win people's hearts or strengthen their strength, it requires a lot of money. In order to make money, Ma Bufang first invested in a business, relied on the trade routes he controlled to engage in monopoly trade, and obtained huge profits from it.
In addition to monopolizing trade routes, Ma Bufang's exploitation of the people is more direct. In addition to levying various donations, he also bought cattle, sheep and grain at super low prices, and finally sold these cattle, sheep and grain to farmers at high prices.
In order to more effectively control Huimin in the northwest region, Ma Bufang forcibly control religious affairs by appointing his confidant as the academic director. Most of these trusted people are bullies. If they find someone who resists Ma Bufang, the rebels will suffer a catastrophe.
. He became the "King of Qinghai" by bribery of money and became the "King of Qinghai"
. Just when Ma Bufang and his son were making the blood and sweat of the people in Qinghai, in 1925, Feng Yuxiang 's troops entered Gansu, and three years later, Sun Lianzhong's troops were sent to Xining.
At that time, the strength of the Ma family army could only oppress the local people and could not fight against Feng Yuxiang at all. In order to confuse Feng Yuxiang, Ma Bufang acted in surrender to him and used a lot of money to bribe Gao Shuxun and other Feng Yuxiang's confidants.
Gao Shuxun and others who were ruthless would naturally help Ma Bufang speak. With Gao Shuxun's recommendation, Ma Bufang was appointed as brigade commander by Feng Yuxiang.
After the outbreak of the Central Plains War, Feng Yuxiang transferred his troops out of Xining, and was no longer able to get involved in Qinghai. Ma Bufang and his son seized the opportunity and formally turned against him Chiang Kai-shek .
After Chiang Kai-shek's consent, in 1930, Ma Lin took office as Chairman of Qinghai Province, and Ma Bufang became the commander of the newly compiled First Division in Qinghai. From then on, the power of Qinghai fell into the hands of the Ma family father and son.
However, in the second year, Ma Bufang encountered a crisis. At that time, Ma Lin died of illness, and Chiang Kai-shek wanted Ma Lin (the same name as Ma Bufang's father) to take over as the provincial chairman.
Although Ma Lin is Ma Bufang's uncle, and there are many people in the northwest region, Ma Bufang is not good at opposing this appointment. However, after Ma Lin took office, he maintained a default attitude towards Hu Zongnan's Central Army entering Qinghai, which made Ma Bufang, who had always wanted to dominate Qinghai, unable to sit still.
Founding Lieutenant General Luo Yuanfa once sighed: It is easy to fight against against Hu Zongnan, but it is difficult to fight the "two horses" in the northwest.
With its toughness and mobility, the "two horses" cavalry once dominated the northwest. Although the surname of "Two Horses" is Ma Bufang, for the people of the northwest, this person is an absolute evil wolf.
In addition, the ignorant Ma Bufang has also caused many absurd things in other aspects.
In August 1949, the first field army of was ordered to attack Lanzhou, and the battle of Lanzhou, which determined the fate of the northwest, started. On the way west, the soldiers' fighting spirit was particularly high.
Because the goal of this battle is not only to liberate the northwest, but also to avenge the enemy who slaughtered the soldiers of the West Route Army. The enemy who killed the revolutionary soldiers is Ma Bufang, the warlord of the Northwest.
After learning the news that the People's Liberation Army was about to arrive, the people in the northwest were very excited and everyone was looking forward to the fall of Ma Family Army .
Why is Ma Bufang so hated? How did such a person who is hated become the "King of Qinghai"?
Ma Bufang and his son have been trying to dominate Qinghai.
During the Gengzi Rebellion in the late Qing Dynasty, Ma Bufang's ancestor Ma Haiyan defected to Cixi and Yuan Shikai and became the general of Xining Town in the late Qing Dynasty. Later, this position was inherited by Ma Bufang's father Ma Lin .
During his tenure in Qinghai, Ma Lin's power continued to grow, and he gradually developed the ambition to control the whole of Qinghai. After the founding of the Republic of China, Ma Lin continued to curry favor with Yuan Shikai on the one hand, and on the other hand, he created his own armed force Ning Navy . His son Ma Bufang started from this army.
In the northwest at that time, Ma Hongkui and Ma Hongbin were more experienced than Ma Bufang, but in terms of strengthening their strength and winning people's hearts, Ma Bufang, who was a teenager younger than them, seemed more experienced.
Whether it is to win people's hearts or strengthen their strength, it requires a lot of money. In order to make money, Ma Bufang first invested in a business, relied on the trade routes he controlled to engage in monopoly trade, and obtained huge profits from it.
In addition to monopolizing trade routes, Ma Bufang's exploitation of the people is more direct. In addition to levying various donations, he also bought cattle, sheep and grain at super low prices, and finally sold these cattle, sheep and grain to farmers at high prices.
In order to more effectively control Huimin in the northwest region, Ma Bufang forcibly control religious affairs by appointing his confidant as the academic director. Most of these trusted people are bullies. If they find someone who resists Ma Bufang, the rebels will suffer a catastrophe.
. He became the "King of Qinghai" by bribery of money and became the "King of Qinghai"
. Just when Ma Bufang and his son were making the blood and sweat of the people in Qinghai, in 1925, Feng Yuxiang 's troops entered Gansu, and three years later, Sun Lianzhong's troops were sent to Xining.
At that time, the strength of the Ma family army could only oppress the local people and could not fight against Feng Yuxiang at all. In order to confuse Feng Yuxiang, Ma Bufang acted in surrender to him and used a lot of money to bribe Gao Shuxun and other Feng Yuxiang's confidants.
Gao Shuxun and others who were ruthless would naturally help Ma Bufang speak. With Gao Shuxun's recommendation, Ma Bufang was appointed as brigade commander by Feng Yuxiang.
After the outbreak of the Central Plains War, Feng Yuxiang transferred his troops out of Xining, and was no longer able to get involved in Qinghai. Ma Bufang and his son seized the opportunity and formally turned against him Chiang Kai-shek .
After Chiang Kai-shek's consent, in 1930, Ma Lin took office as Chairman of Qinghai Province, and Ma Bufang became the commander of the newly compiled First Division in Qinghai. From then on, the power of Qinghai fell into the hands of the Ma family father and son.
However, in the second year, Ma Bufang encountered a crisis. At that time, Ma Lin died of illness, and Chiang Kai-shek wanted Ma Lin (the same name as Ma Bufang's father) to take over as the provincial chairman.
Although Ma Lin is Ma Bufang's uncle, and there are many people in the northwest region, Ma Bufang is not good at opposing this appointment. However, after Ma Lin took office, he maintained a default attitude towards Hu Zongnan's Central Army entering Qinghai, which made Ma Bufang, who had always wanted to dominate Qinghai, unable to sit still.
In order to drive both the Central Army and Ma Lin out of Qinghai, Ma Bufang deliberately encouraged his subordinates to cause trouble in the Tibetan area and provoke the battle between Qinghai and Tibet.
In the early stage of this war, Ma Bufang deliberately showed weakness and gave up many areas. Because the Qinghai army is all under Ma Bufang's subordinates, provincial chairman Ma Lin could not control the situation and could only ask Chiang Kai-shek for help.
After receiving weapons and ammunition assistance from Chiang Kai-shek, Ma Bufang organized his troops to fight against the Tibetan army in Tongtianhe and won a great victory. After this battle, Ma Bufang's Ma family army became famous. Although the provincial chairman of Qinghai was still Ma Lin, his actual power had long been captured by Ma Bufang.
As Ma Bufang grows bigger step by step, in 1936, Ma Lin was eventually squeezed away. Ma Bufang took the opportunity to bribe Bai Chongxi and others with a large sum of money, and also sent someone to give gifts to Soong Mei-ling. After this operation, he finally got his wish and became the provincial chairman and turned Qinghai into his private kingdom.
Cruelly torture the revolutionary soldiers
Just the same year that Ma Bufang became the chairman of Qinghai Province, Red Army sent the Western Route Army. When the 20,000 Western Route Army entered Gansu, Ma Bufang, who was hostile to the revolution, immediately sent a large army to besiege the Western Route Army.
In order to intercept the Western Route Army, Ma Bufang shouted the slogan "I would rather die than lose an inch of land." In terms of tactics, Ma Bufang often sent militia to consume the Red Army first. After the Western Route Army stopped moving, he sent cavalry to surround him from behind.
Ma Bufang called this tactic a "barbarian" tactic, and the vast terrain of the Hexi Corridor area magnifies the mobility of the cavalry.
The Red Army soldiers at that time were used to mountain combat for a long time and lacked heavy weapons. Therefore, when fighting against the cavalry of the Ma family army, the soldiers of the Western Route Army generally felt very difficult.
Under the constant harassment of Ma Bufang day and night, the soldiers of the Western Route Army were exhausted.
Even so, the Western Route Army still made Ma Bufang lose 30,000 yuan in staff reduction.
Ma Bufang's younger brother Ma Buying suffered from eye disease at the time. In order to cure the disease, he actually dug out the gallbladders of 30 Red Army soldiers as medicine.
The Ma family army is even more inhumane to the captured female soldiers.
According to statistics, among the 21,800 people who went to the Western Route Army, except for 7,000 people who died in battle, only 4,000 were rescued, and about 4,000 were scattered. The remaining people were all harmed by the Ma family army in various ways. These are the blood debts owed by Ma Bufang.
Notorious Demon
As a devil that has been recorded in history, Ma Bufang's debauchery is amazing. He not only has dozens of wives and concubines, but also seeks fun everywhere.
If there is another woman you like, Ma Bufang will get it. If he had a good-looking wife and daughter in his subordinate's family, he would not let him go.
Even his granddaughter is raped. This granddaughter later gave birth to a boy for him. In order to cover up, Ma Bufang actually killed the baby with his own hands.
According to Taiwan media reports, after the Kuomintang fled to Taiwan, cases of accusing Ma Bufang of assault on women piled up. According to statistics, a total of 5,000 women have been violated by Ma Bufang.
Regarding his own debauchery, Ma Bufang vividly explained what it means to be shameless but proud. He also publicly shouted: "If I give birth to me and I have all been raped."
Dog son and donkey son
During the War of Liberation, Chiang Kai-shek attached great importance to Ma Bufang and asked his son Ma Jiyuan to marry Soong Mei-ling's goddaughter Zhang Xunfang.
Once Chiang Kai-shek met Ma Bufang in Nanjing. At that time, Ma Bufang brought his son Ma Jiyuan to Nanjing to see the world, and Chiang Kai-shek also brought Chiang Ching-kuo to meet this "King of Qinghai".
After meeting, Chiang Kai-shek greeted with a smile: "Zixiang (Ma Bufang's word), how are you doing recently?"
Ma Bufang showed great respect and nodded and said: "Thank you for the President's blessing, everything is good."
After making some polite comments, Chiang Kai-shek pointed at Chiang Ching-kuo and said: "Zixiang, let me introduce you to the son of the dog." After Chiang Kai-shek finished speaking, Chiang Ching-kuo immediately saluted Ma Bufang.
After Chiang Kai-shek introduced, Ma Bufang was in trouble about how to introduce his son.
Ma Bufang has a low level of education. He believes that Chiang Kai-shek's status is higher than him. Out of the need to curry favor with Chiang Ching-kuo, his son's status must be lower than that of Chiang Ching-kuo. Jiang Ching-kuo is all a dog, so what animal should his son be called?
After thinking about it, Ma Bufang decided to use the commonly used words and sentences of northwest farmers. He immediately said: "This is the horse's successor of Donkeys."
As soon as these words came out, everyone present fell into embarrassment, and even Chiang Kai-shek was stunned for a few seconds. In order to maintain decentness, Chiang Kai-shek forced a smile, and the others also laughed.
Afterwards, Ma Bufang was proud to show off this matter to others, and he felt that he was clever in flattery. He said: "Since President Jiang's son is a dog's son, then my son can only be a donkey son."
Send his wife and concubine and get it back
No matter how Ma Bufang flatters, he cannot change his fate of falling. When the Lanzhou Battle started, the cunning Ma Bufang had already fled to Chongqing, and then fled to Taiwan with a large amount of gold.
Due to repeated defeats, Ma Bufang did not receive preferential treatment from Chiang Kai-shek after he arrived in Taiwan. Because they have made too many enemies, they are in order not to be retaliated by enemies. In 1950, Ma Bufang fled to Saudi with dozens of family members. After bribing certain members of the Kuomintang, he was appointed ambassador of the Republic of China to Saudi Arabia.
Because he does not understand Arabic , nor does he understand religion and diplomatic etiquette, as an ambassador Ma Bufang rarely attends diplomatic activities in order not to embarrass himself, and other work is handled by counselors and other staff.
After arriving in Saudi Arabia, Ma Bufang took his family to Mecca for a pilgrimage. However, because there were too many wives and concubines, the Afu present felt strange. Afu thought that a man could not have so many wives and concubines, and must have abducted other people's wives. A Fu scolded Ma Bufang in person, saying that he was blasphemous in the holy land, and said that he wanted to report him and let the government deport him.
Ma Bufang was frightened and hurriedly said that these wives and concubines were not their own, but others'. He added money on the spot and asked others to take away his wives and concubines. But after the worship, Ma Bufang licked his face and begged others, and took back his wives and concubines he sent out.
Abroad, Ma Bufang is still uneasy. For his subordinates who followed him to Middle East to make a living, he still maintained his arrogant "King of Qinghai" style, and he would still forcibly occupy his wife and daughter.
The truth was revealed and he died suddenly in a foreign land
The fifth concubine Ma Yuelan is the daughter of Ma Bufang's cousin Ma Bulong. Because of his outstanding appearance, Ma Bufang salivates Ma Yuelan. He came to propose marriage in person, but his cousin flatly refused.
Ma Bufang was rejected and was very annoyed. He spent money to invite a lot of thugs to the door, and threatened Ma Bulong and said: "If you don't give her to me, I will make your whole family unable to survive."
Because he is in a foreign country, Ma Bulong's family cannot escape and cannot hide. In desperation, they had to send Ma Yuelan to become Ma Bufang's fifth concubine.
In 1961, Ma Bufang asked the fifth concubine (also his niece) Ma Yuelan's mother and two sisters to accompany her to "live".
Ma Yuelan could not bear the pain of her mother, daughter and sister being ravaged by Ma Bufang together, and flatly refused this unreasonable request. Ma Bufang was so angry that she put Ma Yuelan under house arrest and often beat her. In the Saudi embassy at that time, there was a justice-minded counselor Song Xuanquan . This person was very disgusted with Ma Bufang's actions.
After knowing Ma Yuelan's situation, he hid Ma Yuelan out of sympathy. With the help of Song Xuanquan, Ma Yuelan reported Ma Bufang's licentious and scandal to relevant Taiwan departments and newspapers.
As soon as the news came out, people and gods were angry. Due to the bad impact, Chiang Kai-shek had to send staff to Saudi Arabia to investigate the matter. Ma Bufang was very angry after finding out the situation. He first asked someone to dig a big hole in the embassy and prepared to bury Song Xuanquan.
and then surrounded Song Xuanquan's home, preparing to break the door and grab the people. In a critical moment, Song Xuanquan asked for help from the outside world through phone calls and shouts. After the Saudi police arrived, Ma Bufang's thugs were all taken down. As an ambassador with eternal immunity, although Ma Bufang was not detained, his good days were over.
When officials from Taiwan arrived, a rather absurd scene occurred. Ma Bufang first kowtowed to the officials and admitted his mistakes, and then said that this was his "family affairs" and he would handle it himself. But after saying this, he turned around and continued to curse Ma Yuelan.
After the incident broke out, Ma Yuelan was soon sent to another country by the Saudi Foreign Ministry. Ma Yuelan was finally able to get rid of Ma Bufang and successfully accused Ma Bufang after returning to Taiwan.
Taiwan newspapers seized the opportunity and exaggerated the matter. For a time, titles such as "Romantic Ambassador", "Niece Issue Chen", "Incest Shameless" and other titles were buzzing, and foreign media also reprinted reports on this matter.
In Taiwan, some people also advocate arresting Ma Bufang for trial. Facing an angry public opinion, Ma Bufang had to resign. From then on, Ma Bufang could only hide in Saudi Arabia's apartment and dared not go out to see people. In 1975, Ma Bufang died suddenly in Saudi Arabia.
As a debauchery and cruel warlord, Ma Bufang was unable to be judged by justice, which is a historical regret. But Ma Bufang's rule is destined to be not long-lasting. Chiang Kai-shek's Kuomintang government also paid the price of losing the mainland to support Ma Bufang.
Reference:
[National Memory] Introduction to Ma Bufang CCTV
After the Lanzhou Battle in 1949, what reason did Ma Bufang leave Taiwan? Phoenix.com
Ma Bufang's "Free" War Case Study of China Communist Party News Network
43 Kuomintang war criminals CCTV.com
Beware of the new trends of network history being unreasonable. "Red Flag Manuscript" magazine
0 Northwest King of the Republic of China Ma Bufang occupied more than 5,000 women, and his granddaughter was not spared. Overseas Network
After Chiang Kai-shek introduced, Ma Bufang was in trouble about how to introduce his son.
Ma Bufang has a low level of education. He believes that Chiang Kai-shek's status is higher than him. Out of the need to curry favor with Chiang Ching-kuo, his son's status must be lower than that of Chiang Ching-kuo. Jiang Ching-kuo is all a dog, so what animal should his son be called?
After thinking about it, Ma Bufang decided to use the commonly used words and sentences of northwest farmers. He immediately said: "This is the horse's successor of Donkeys."
As soon as these words came out, everyone present fell into embarrassment, and even Chiang Kai-shek was stunned for a few seconds. In order to maintain decentness, Chiang Kai-shek forced a smile, and the others also laughed.
Afterwards, Ma Bufang was proud to show off this matter to others, and he felt that he was clever in flattery. He said: "Since President Jiang's son is a dog's son, then my son can only be a donkey son."
Send his wife and concubine and get it back
No matter how Ma Bufang flatters, he cannot change his fate of falling. When the Lanzhou Battle started, the cunning Ma Bufang had already fled to Chongqing, and then fled to Taiwan with a large amount of gold.
Due to repeated defeats, Ma Bufang did not receive preferential treatment from Chiang Kai-shek after he arrived in Taiwan. Because they have made too many enemies, they are in order not to be retaliated by enemies. In 1950, Ma Bufang fled to Saudi with dozens of family members. After bribing certain members of the Kuomintang, he was appointed ambassador of the Republic of China to Saudi Arabia.
Because he does not understand Arabic , nor does he understand religion and diplomatic etiquette, as an ambassador Ma Bufang rarely attends diplomatic activities in order not to embarrass himself, and other work is handled by counselors and other staff.
After arriving in Saudi Arabia, Ma Bufang took his family to Mecca for a pilgrimage. However, because there were too many wives and concubines, the Afu present felt strange. Afu thought that a man could not have so many wives and concubines, and must have abducted other people's wives. A Fu scolded Ma Bufang in person, saying that he was blasphemous in the holy land, and said that he wanted to report him and let the government deport him.
Ma Bufang was frightened and hurriedly said that these wives and concubines were not their own, but others'. He added money on the spot and asked others to take away his wives and concubines. But after the worship, Ma Bufang licked his face and begged others, and took back his wives and concubines he sent out.
Abroad, Ma Bufang is still uneasy. For his subordinates who followed him to Middle East to make a living, he still maintained his arrogant "King of Qinghai" style, and he would still forcibly occupy his wife and daughter.
The truth was revealed and he died suddenly in a foreign land
The fifth concubine Ma Yuelan is the daughter of Ma Bufang's cousin Ma Bulong. Because of his outstanding appearance, Ma Bufang salivates Ma Yuelan. He came to propose marriage in person, but his cousin flatly refused.
Ma Bufang was rejected and was very annoyed. He spent money to invite a lot of thugs to the door, and threatened Ma Bulong and said: "If you don't give her to me, I will make your whole family unable to survive."
Because he is in a foreign country, Ma Bulong's family cannot escape and cannot hide. In desperation, they had to send Ma Yuelan to become Ma Bufang's fifth concubine.
In 1961, Ma Bufang asked the fifth concubine (also his niece) Ma Yuelan's mother and two sisters to accompany her to "live".
Ma Yuelan could not bear the pain of her mother, daughter and sister being ravaged by Ma Bufang together, and flatly refused this unreasonable request. Ma Bufang was so angry that she put Ma Yuelan under house arrest and often beat her. In the Saudi embassy at that time, there was a justice-minded counselor Song Xuanquan . This person was very disgusted with Ma Bufang's actions.
After knowing Ma Yuelan's situation, he hid Ma Yuelan out of sympathy. With the help of Song Xuanquan, Ma Yuelan reported Ma Bufang's licentious and scandal to relevant Taiwan departments and newspapers.
As soon as the news came out, people and gods were angry. Due to the bad impact, Chiang Kai-shek had to send staff to Saudi Arabia to investigate the matter. Ma Bufang was very angry after finding out the situation. He first asked someone to dig a big hole in the embassy and prepared to bury Song Xuanquan.
and then surrounded Song Xuanquan's home, preparing to break the door and grab the people. In a critical moment, Song Xuanquan asked for help from the outside world through phone calls and shouts. After the Saudi police arrived, Ma Bufang's thugs were all taken down. As an ambassador with eternal immunity, although Ma Bufang was not detained, his good days were over.
When officials from Taiwan arrived, a rather absurd scene occurred. Ma Bufang first kowtowed to the officials and admitted his mistakes, and then said that this was his "family affairs" and he would handle it himself. But after saying this, he turned around and continued to curse Ma Yuelan.
After the incident broke out, Ma Yuelan was soon sent to another country by the Saudi Foreign Ministry. Ma Yuelan was finally able to get rid of Ma Bufang and successfully accused Ma Bufang after returning to Taiwan.
Taiwan newspapers seized the opportunity and exaggerated the matter. For a time, titles such as "Romantic Ambassador", "Niece Issue Chen", "Incest Shameless" and other titles were buzzing, and foreign media also reprinted reports on this matter.
In Taiwan, some people also advocate arresting Ma Bufang for trial. Facing an angry public opinion, Ma Bufang had to resign. From then on, Ma Bufang could only hide in Saudi Arabia's apartment and dared not go out to see people. In 1975, Ma Bufang died suddenly in Saudi Arabia.
As a debauchery and cruel warlord, Ma Bufang was unable to be judged by justice, which is a historical regret. But Ma Bufang's rule is destined to be not long-lasting. Chiang Kai-shek's Kuomintang government also paid the price of losing the mainland to support Ma Bufang.
Reference:
[National Memory] Introduction to Ma Bufang CCTV
After the Lanzhou Battle in 1949, what reason did Ma Bufang leave Taiwan? Phoenix.com
Ma Bufang's "Free" War Case Study of China Communist Party News Network
43 Kuomintang war criminals CCTV.com
Beware of the new trends of network history being unreasonable. "Red Flag Manuscript" magazine
0 Northwest King of the Republic of China Ma Bufang occupied more than 5,000 women, and his granddaughter was not spared. Overseas Network
