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In 1955, Li Xiannian, who was praised by Chairman Mao as "General Not to Fall in the Horse", was unknown on the list.
Someone said regretfully:
"You should have the rank of general."
Old Li smiled indifferently, shook his head, pointed to Tao Zhu, who also "failed the exam" and said:
"My army was pulled up with eight guns, so he would not be awarded the marshal."
Chen Yi After hearing this, the marshal also came over, held Tao Zhu's hand tightly, and said movedly:
"Yes, you can be regarded as the ancestor of the Second Field and Third Field, and you can indeed deserve the marshal."
But in fact, Tao Zhu never went to the battlefield much.
He has never served as the main general in the War of Resistance Against Japan or the War of Liberation.
What’s more interesting is that Tao Zhu, who has won many praises, is famous for his temper and never despises the world. Even Chairman Mao dares to argue.
Taozhu
Then why did he get such a high evaluation? How could
be called the ancestor of the field army?
Let's start with the day Tao Zhu angrily criticized Chairman Mao...
had no results and angrily criticized Chairman
One day in April 1932, Chairman Mao led Red Army to capture Zhangzhou, Fujian, and local cadres rushed to the Red Army's headquarters to report on their work.
Central leaders such as Chairman Mao, Zhu De, Lin Biao, and Nie Rongzhen sat in the audience.
Although they all smile and have a kind expression, they are powerful without anger and have a strong aura.
Cares at all levels have done enough preparations before they can "go to battle".
But when they see the leaders in the audience, they still can't help but stutter and dare not look at them.
There is only one young man who is unique.
He walked onto the stage with steady steps, and he did not shy away from Chairman Mao's eyes and his eyes were firm.
Although he was talking about Mandarin with a Hunan accent, his pronunciation was very clear and his speech was slow:
" Eastern Fujian is a mountainous area, bandits are scattered, the enemy has weak strength, and the struggle of farmers has a certain foundation, so we Fuzhou plans to focus on the countryside, mobilize farmers to resist taxes, and carry out armed struggle."
After hearing this, Chairman Mao took the lead in applause, smiled deep in his eyes, nodded constantly, and praised repeatedly:
"What a Taozhu , right, the key point is especially The opponent. "
Tao Zhu then introduced the construction of the Fuzhou guerrillas and directly put forward requirements:
"Now, it is mainly short of guns. I hope the Red Army can support the guns of our local two companies, and the eastern Fujian base can be built as soon as possible."
As soon as this said, Lin Biao raised his eyebrows and stared at him and said bluntly:
"Two companies? Many, we can't come up with so many."
Lin Biao
You know, the Red Army was in the most difficult time at that time.
Starting from Jinggangshan , half of the Red Army did not have guns on the way to advance to southern Jiangxi and western Fujian.
Not only that, each of them only has one pound of fried rice as food rations, and it was consumed after only two days.
Fortunately, on the third night, I encountered a local army of the Kuomintang, and won the battle before seizing some ammunition and food.
Therefore, the Red Army was too busy to take care of itself at this time, and it would be a bit difficult to support the local area.
But Tao Zhu was not aware of these situations. Because Lin Biao's attitude was so angry, he even raised his eyebrows and stern face.
Seeing this, Chairman Mao did not get angry about Tao Zhu's "extraordinary" situation, but instead patiently informed the Red Army of all the difficulties.
Who knew that Tao Zhu's anger had not yet subsided and he choked back:
"Then you will carry another pound of fried rice and find an opportunity to go to war."
This was really a bit out of the way. Not only Lin Biao got angry, but even Magistrate Nie changed his face, and both of them were trying to stand up.
Nie Rongzhen
Just now, Chairman Mao coughed lightly and stopped them with his eyes.
Then, he turned to Tao Zhu, his expression not as gentle as before, but he did not have a trace of anger, and said:
"The main force of the Red Army is arduous. We must attract the main firepower of Chiang Kai-shek so that your place can have a chance to breathe and grow stronger. Do you think so?"
After hearing this, Tao Zhu immediately calmed down, felt a little ashamed in his heart, and his expression relaxed.
Chairman Mao saw his changes and smiled faintly and continued:
"And the problem of food and guns is not difficult to solve. Just open your eyes. Don't the enemy have a lot of hands? And it was originally snatched from the poor people. Just get it back."
's words made Tao Zhu's inspiration, and he felt admiration in his eyes. He stood at attention and biaobiao raised his hand and apologized for his rudeness.
Afterwards, Lin Biao was still a little angry and said:
"He is from Huangpu issue 5. Chiang Kai-shek said that the 5th issue of Huangpu
has the most troublesome."
Chairman Mao
Chairman Mao heard this, but shook his head, and instead expressed his appreciation. He smiled and said:
"Is it a cow, or a rare person Talent. "
Mr. Zhu also nodded and said:
" is indeed a talent. Just say that Tao Zhu fought in the battle of breaking prison in Xiamen, which was really beautiful. "
The battle of becoming famous, Xiamen breaking prison
In the 1930s, there was a "living hell" in Xiamen city- Siming Prison .
The gray building is surrounded by high courtyard walls, with dense power grids and lots of guard posts.
Guards take turns to take turns to take turns to take turns to 24 hours a day, and shrill screams are heard from time to time.
There are two large prison rooms in the prison that are long from north to south and narrow from east to west. There are only 30 square meters in size, but hundreds of prisoners are imprisoned.
people have more than a few narrow places, and there are only a few broken straw mats in the room. The "prisoners" can only sleep back to back and on the ground.
Not only that, they eat, drink, defecate and sensation here, making the prison that is already airtight is extremely stenched and the walls are filled with insects and ants.
Most of the prisoners locked up here are "political prisoners".
Therefore, once you enter this devil's cave, the police will not interrogate, the court will not sentence, and the prison will not release it.
Most people go in alive and only come out after they die.
However, in the spring of 1930, more than 40 comrades from our party's Xiamen Municipal Party Committee and Trade Union were locked up in this "living hell" and tortured for a full five months.
Among them, there are Liu Ruisheng, Secretary of the Xiamen Municipal Committee of the Communist Party of China and Chen Baisheng, Secretary of the Provincial Youth League Committee.
Siming Prison former site
In March of the same year, Western Fujian Soviet Government was established, and the primary event was to rescue comrades from prison.
Although the determination is firm, it is difficult to implement it.
The white horror is getting worse and worse. Who can win people under the mouth of a tiger?
After several considerations, the Fujian Provincial Party Committee thought of Tao Zhu, Secretary-General of the Provincial Party Committee.
Although he is young, he has very rich experience in fighting.
is not only a student of the fifth period of Huangpu, but also participated in Nanchang Uprising and experienced the test of the low period of the revolution.
After receiving the task, Tao Zhu started from the overall situation and started from the overall situation in Xiamen.
The Kuomintang’s military forces in Xiamen mainly have two military camps, as well as some idle police and detectives.
The first military camp is more than 20 miles away from the prison. It takes an hour and a half to come to aid.
cannot hydrolyze the near fire, and the threat is not great.
The trickier thing is that the second battalion is located two miles away from Siming Prison.
But Tao Zhu learned that except for sentries, the other soldiers of the Kuomintang army usually do not fire bullets.
Therefore, it will take at least half an hour to arrive when they have the equipment.
. The police and detectives are scattered throughout Xiamen during the day, and it takes half an hour to concentrate.
According to this, as long as we can ensure that the action is completed within 20 minutes, we have a chance of winning.
However, just as Tao Zhu was thinking hard to break the prison, a new situation occurred.
Tao Zhu
Secretary rushes in and handes him a note that says:
"The comrades in prison have established a temporary party branch and are preparing to escape from prison. Please give me instructions from the provincial party committee."
Tao Zhu put down the "Xiamen Map" in his hand, and while talking, he walked out quickly:
"Quick, arrange it, I want to go to 'visit prison'."
The Kuomintang's military and police corruption has become popular, and Prison Guards are no exception.
As long as you disguise yourself as a family member and secretly give the guard some money, you can sneak in and visit each Wednesday and Saturday.
After seeing Chen Baisheng, Tao Zhu repeatedly instructed:
"Don't act rashly, do not do it blindly, and avoid unnecessary sacrifice."
Then, he exchanged views with the comrades in prison in case of internal and external cooperation, and took the opportunity to reconnaise the guard deployment and terrain pattern inside the prison.
After everything is ready, the action time is set at 9:30 am on May 25th.
This day is Sunday, and most of the Kuomintang soldiers and police will gather in the theater to watch the play, and defend against the empty space.
Moreover, nine o'clock is the breakfast time for prison guards , and they will have a meal in the cafeteria in the west building.
Siming Prison former site
On this day, the weather is beautiful.
is the plum rain season southern Fujian . The rain has just stopped for a long time. Men, women, young and old rushed to Nanputuo Temple to eat incense.
and the temple is located just near Siming Prison.
Tao Zhu brought ten capable people, dressed up as tourists, and mixed in the crowd.
They came to the prison door wearing coarse cloth coats and pistols inserted on their waists.
One of them had worked as a chef in Siming Prison and was the first to successfully enter the prison in the name of finding a colleague.
Then, five more team members took thick silver dollars and stuffed them into the guards' hands, and got in under the name of visiting prison.
At that time, a comrade named "Kegu " walked behind the guard leading the way with a biscuit bucket.
In addition to the pistol, there is also an vise on his waist.
came to the prison, and Kegu smiled and handed the cookie bucket to the guard, saying flatteringly:
"Sir, thank you for your hard work, this is for you."
The guard took it with both hands and raised his eyebrows to look into the bucket.
heard a "bang", and a sharp pain came from his forehead, warm blood flowed across his cheeks, and he collapsed to the ground and died.
In less than ten seconds, Kegu had already cut the iron lock with a vise.
Picture from the Internet
At the same time, Tao Zhu and the five outside who were pretending to select bayberry outside heard the gunshots, immediately took out their guns, aimed at the guards at the doorstep and rushed into the door.
Guard captain Wu Guangcheng After hearing the first gunshot, he thought it was a fire, so he sent his two men to see, and continued to drink with the porridge.
It was not until the gunshots came one after another that he jumped up on the spot, pulled the gun and loaded it, and shouted:
"It's a rebellious thing, who is here to be arrogant? Let me go!"
As soon as he finished speaking, Tao Zhu, who had quietly walked up to the west building, pulled the trigger lightly, and Wu Guangcheng fell to the ground.
The prison guards lost their leader and were in chaos, and the prison breaking operation went smoothly.
took only 10 minutes, and more than 40 comrades followed closely and rushed out of the prison door.
Then, the reception team waiting near the prison had long led three or five comrades to take them to Bishan Road and alleyway by the sea.
After the rescued comrades boarded the wooden sailboat , Yang Fan left.
This Xiamen prison break shocked China and the world. Several Kuomintang prison guards were annihilated, and no casualties were found on our side.
The leader of this action Tao Zhu was only 22 years old at that time.
Xiamen Old Wharf
The reason why Tao Zhu has such courage and courage at a young age is closely related to a change in his childhood.
for my brother dropping out of school and self-reliance
In fact, Tao Zhu was born in an intellectual family in Qiyang County, Hunan Province.
Moreover, there are two very dazzling names on the Tao family genealogy,
that is, Jin Dynasty famous military general Tao Kan and the famous pastoral poet Tao Yuanming .
Before Tao Zhu's age was ten, although his family was not as prominent as his ancestors, he did not have to worry about food and clothing.
His father Tao Tiezheng graduated from Hengyang South Road Excellent Normal School. He participated in Tongmenghui . He is a revolutionary with progressive ideas.
But on July 21, 1918, the Tao family ushered in a catastrophe.
Tao Tiezheng died under the knife of Beiyang warlord because he supported the protection movement led by Sun Yat-sen.
From then on, the Tao family's situation plummeted.
In order to reduce the burden on his mother, Tao Zhu, who had only been to a private school for three years, took the initiative to give up the opportunity to go to school to his brother Tao Ziqiang and dropped out of school to support his family.
At that time, he was only ten years old.
Sun Yat-sen
Since then, Tao Zhu tied his sickle to his waist before dawn, carried a basket about the same height as him to go up the mountain to chop firewood, and then picked it to Panjiabu, more than ten miles away, to sell it.
After coming back, he followed the adults to the mountain to cut fir tree .
All day, even many adults complained, but Tao Zhu never called him tired.
Tao's mother looked at her son's swollen shoulders, and tears fell from heartache, with guilt, and said tremblingly:
"Son, I'm sorry for you."
Tao Zhu stretched out his callous little hand and wiped away his mother's tears, without a single complaint.
But there is no way out just by chopping wood and working hard work.
922, Tao Zhu bid farewell to his mother and followed his aunt's grandmother to Wuhu, Anhui Province, and entered a wood craft called Ruisenxiang to learn craftsmanship.
It is here that he met his noble man.
The accountant who lives in the same room as Tao Zhu Taolin not only writes well, but also knows poetry and history.
He likes this young man who is both diligent and studious. After he finishes work, he often tutors Tao Zhu, teaches him to write and study, and tells him the stories of the heroes of Liangshan.
That's it. Tao Zhu learned technology and knowledge while learning it, and made up for all the courses he had missed in the past.
As his knowledge increased, he began to save money and went to buy progressive books and magazines such as "Guide" and "New Youth" to read, and gained a further understanding of the practical things.
But such a stable life didn't take long before something happened again.
New Youth Magazine
926, Rui Senxiang went bankrupt, the accountant returned to his hometown, and Tao Zhu was helpless again.
At this moment, he met a fellow villager Jiang Fusheng who came back from Guangzhou.
This person is a student of Whampoa Military Academy .
Tao Zhu then realized that there are still schools in the world that teach people to overthrow warlords and imperialism and defend their country.
The memory of his father's tragic death surged into his heart. He slapped the table, clenched his fists, and vowed to enter this school, inherit his father's will, and fight against the oppressors to the end.
At that time, there were two ways to go to Huangpu.
One is a regular exam.
Ko Taozhu has a lot of knowledge, but has never attended a new school and knows nothing about the required mathematics and geography.
Therefore, the chance of winning the exam is not very good, and there is only a second way left, that is, the National Revolutionary Army will be recommended.
With the help of Jiang Fusheng, Tao Zhu first entered the Second Battalion of the Second Battalion of the First Division of the First Army of the National Revolutionary Army to serve as the Secretary.
This year happened to be the rebellion of Guangzhou warlords Chen Jiongming , trying to seize power while Sun Yat-sen went north.
Under the leadership of Zhou Enlai, students from the Whampoa Military Academy formed a school army to fight against the thieves in the east.
and Tao Zhu also participated in it.
Jiang Fusheng
For Tao Zhu, warlords are not only enemies of the people, but also enemies of the father.
So every time he charges, he runs in front with a gun, and even if a bullet passes through his eyes, he is not afraid.
With such courage, Tao Zhu made great achievements in the Battle of the Eastern Expedition and was successfully submitted to Huangpu and became a student of the fifth period.
What is even more surprising is that his brother Tao Ziqiang was also admitted to Huangpu this year.
During this period, Zhou Enlai, the political director of the Whampoa Military Academy, was still Zhou Enlai, and the progressive young people of our party were very active.
Tao Zhu and his brother have made many Communist Party members and have an in-depth understanding of the party’s propositions and ideals.
They are determined to join this team that conquers the world for the poor.
1 In October 2019, under the introduction of Communist Chen Baohua, Tao Zhu and Tao Ziqiang officially became glorious Communist Party members.
Whampoa Military Academy
Then, after various tests during the Nanchang Uprising and the low tide of the revolution, Tao Zhu grew up in the "fire of fire" and refined himself into an iron warrior.
929, he and his brother Tao Ziqiang were arranged to work in Fujian Province for underground work in white area .
In Zhangzhou , Tao Zhu started from more than 20 farmers and formed a team. However, relying on the funds confiscated by the local tyrants, Dongping and Xicuo only purchased a few shell guns.
This is the scene where he asked Chairman Mao for a gun.
After receiving the guidance of the chairman, Tao Zhu led his troops to fight guerrillas while expanding his team.
Later, the team grew to more than 1,000 people and formed the Southern Fujian Independent Regiment of the Red Army.
After the Long March of the Red Army, this army, led by founding general Ye Fei, developed into the famous Red Third Regiment. During the War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression, it was reorganized into the Fourth Regiment of the Second Detachment of the New Fourth Army. Finally, it developed into the main force of the People's Liberation Army's Third Field Army.
Not only that, under the leadership of Tao Zhu, the construction of southern Fujian base has also developed vividly.
But from this point of view, Tao Zhu definitely can afford the word "talent" mentioned by Chairman Mao.
Chairman Mao
But there are unexpected situations in the world.
The ensuing prison disaster caused Tao Zhu torture and also laid the root of disaster for his misfortune in his later years.
betrayed by his brother, and his pride is fortunate and proud
In May 1933, Tao Zhu and his brother rushed from Fujian to Shanghai to report their work to the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China, and were betrayed by the traitor Wang Shantang and arrested in Shanghai.
Then, they were moved to the detention center of the Kuomintang headquarters in Nanjing.
The environment here is as harsh as Siming Prison, narrow and cramped, and stinking.
But the security in Nanjing Detention Center is a hundred times more stringent than Siming.
Apart from surrendering and dying, there is basically no possibility of self-rescue or being rescued.
In such a desperate situation, Tao Zhuning refused to surrender, but his brother betrayed.
From then on, the two brothers took different paths.
Tao Ziqiang fell into a hawk of the Kuomintang and betrayed the revolution.
, and Tao Zhu was tortured in this demon cave for a full five years and never surrendered.
It was not until 1937 that the Kuomintang and the Communist Party reached a second cooperation. Under the negotiations between Premier Zhou and Ye Jianying and others, the revolutionaries who were detained in the Kuomintang prison were regained their freedom.
Zhou Enlai
9-26 , the warm sun in early autumn was high, and the blue sky was cloudless.
Tao Zhu and his inmates stepped out of the prison and left a group photo at a hotel near Jiangdong Bridge .
He looked at the sparkling lake, and was in high spirits, expressing his emotions with poetry:
"Five years of hardships in prison, and he smiled and looked at the camera with a high smile."
Then, Tao Zhu was ordered to go to Hubei to preside over anti-Japanese propaganda and organization activities.
As the head teacher, he taught in the cooperative personnel training class in Tangchi, Hubei Province, and taught courses such as Marxism-Leninism , political economy, guerrilla war strategy and tactics.
During this period, Tao Zhu trained more than 300 young people, and most of them became party members.
938 , the Japanese army captured Wuhan, and the people of the Central Plains were in panic.
Tao Zhu, under the order of Zhou Enlai, organized anti-Japanese armed forces in the enemy-occupied areas to fight guerrillas.
In Wuhan at that time, the Japanese and puppets were everywhere, and revolutionaries had almost nowhere to hide.
Kozhuhard relied on eight guns to pull up a guerrilla team and quickly grew to a scale of 100 people.
Not long after, this team attacked Yunmeng County, which was occupied by the Japanese and puppets at night, annihilated more than 50 enemies.
This battle started the first counterattack in Hubei Province since the War of Resistance Against Japan, and
greatly inspired the anti-Japanese sentiment of the people in Hubei.
Wuhan Battle
A year later, the number of guerrillas exceeded 3,000. Then, led by Li Xiannian, he became the main force of the 5th Division of the New Fourth Army. After the victory of the Anti-Japanese War, he was reorganized into the Central Plains Military Region troops.
After breaking through the Central Plains , most of the soldiers were organized into the Central Plains Field Army (Second Field Army), and a small number were organized into the Northwest Field Army (First Field Army) and Northeast Field Army (th Field ).
Because of this, Li Xiannian said that his team was pulled up by Tao Zhu with eight guns.
Mr. Chen would call him "the ancestor of the second and third fields."
During Tao Zhu's revolutionary career, most of his time and energy were devoted to the construction of base areas and the propaganda of the War of Resistance Against Japan.
But the team he pulled up at a critical moment was like a spark, spreading the entire land of China, igniting a raging fire, turning imperialism and warlords' wolf ambitions into ashes.
Taozhu
After the founding of the People's Republic of China, Taozhu devoted himself to the construction of New China and always stayed at the front line of Guangxi, Guangdong, Central and South and other construction.
Although he is in a high position, he is most taboo to show off his own generous attitude and show off. When he goes there, he sticks to his "three no-accuracy" principle:
is not allowed to welcome and give away, treat, or give gifts.
959 , a major flood occurred in Guangdong, and large areas of crops were flooded, causing famine.
Tao Zhu, who was the secretary of the Guangdong Provincial Party Committee at that time, traveled all the disaster areas day and night.
to When Qingyuan County , the county party committee specially set up a banquet. The person in charge welcomed Tao Zhu to the table, pointed to a chicken on the table, and introduced enthusiastically:
"Secretary Tao, try it quickly. The chickens in our Qingyuan County are famous all over the country."
Tao Zhu had a slab face and pursed his lips. After a while, he asked:
"What year is this year?"
The person in charge of l5
noticed something was wrong, swallowed, and replied with some stuttering:
"This year...1959."
Tao Zhu turned his head to look at him, his brows tighter and tighter, and then asked:
"This year in Qingyuan County, is it famous for chickens or disasters?"
The person in charge of the county party committee was speechless when asked and immediately admitted his mistake.
号生生生生生生生生生生生生生生生生生生生生生生生生生生生生生生生生生生生生生生生生生生生生生生生生生生生生生生生生生生生生生生生生生生生生生生生生生生生生生生生生生生�
He wrote all his persistence into an essay called " Pine Tree Style ".
"There are very few people who require them and give them a lot. This is the character of the pine tree."
Moreover, Tao Zhu's character has never changed even after he became the vice premier.
However, such a revolutionary as noble as a pine tree was betrayed by his brothers.
Tao Zhu couple
Tao Ziqiang became the head of a county after joining the Kuomintang. On the eve of the founding of New China, he led the county brigade to revolt and later became the principal in a middle school.
In Tao Zhu's last few years, Tao Ziqiang stabbed his younger brother in the back and falsely accused him of being a "traitor".
1969, Tao Zhu died unjustly in Beijing.
, and Tao Ziqiang also suffered from cancer in guilt because of his despised behavior and died of depression.
postscript
Tao Zhu once wrote in the poem "Climbing Mount Lushan":
"The most powerful pine stands on the cliff, and there is no doubt about the noble style."
His life is just like his favorite pine and cypress , proud and magnificent, tenacious and tenacious.
Such a noble revolutionary soldier is worth remembering forever.
Reference:
Party History and Culture: "The Revolutionary Life of Tao Zhu"
Party History World: "Mao Zedong and Tao Zhu"
