Continuing from the previous article about the Chinese nation, Chinese civilization, and Chinese history, we will talk about the abdication system. Why was the abdication system so talked about by future generations just a flash in the pan? What was the reason why Shun was able t

Continuing from the previous article about the Chinese nation, Chinese civilization, and Chinese history, we will talk about the abdication system.

Why is the abdication system that is so talked about by future generations just a flash in the pan?

What was the reason why Shun was able to ascend to the leadership position despite being persecuted by his own family?

Please continue to listen to me as I tell you (there is different knowledge at the end of the article)

As the first leader of the tribal alliance after the unification of the Central Plains, the Yellow Emperor was described in legends as having extraordinary abilities and was simply a god from heaven.

Huangdi was not only a great politician and military strategist, but also an inventor.

He taught people to dig wells, build palaces, boats and chariots, make weapons, make clothes, etc.

After the great Yellow Emperor, three famous tribal leaders appeared: Yao, Shun and Yu.

How did the three of them become tribal leaders? This brings us to today's topic: the abdication system

In the beginning, the inheritance of tribal leaders was passed down from generation to generation among the descendants of the Yellow Emperor. After the Yellow Emperor, there were Zhuanxu (zhuān xū), Emperor Ku (kù), and Yao.

started to be different after arriving at Yao. It was originally going to be passed down to the imperial family, namely Yao's son " Danzhu".

However, Danzhu was not as virtuous as Yao, and was too stubborn and incompetent to assume the important task of tribal leader.

So Yao selected his successors from the tribe, and it was Yao who created the "concession system".

Through observation, Shun gradually came into the people's sight. Here we also talk about Shun's persecution by his family.

Shun lost his mother when he was young and his father became blind. The young Shun took charge of the future of the entire family.

Soon, his father found a stepmother for Shun. He thought that the stepmother would make the whole family's life full of hope, but the reality was not what he expected.

The half-brother "Xiang" is lazy, fierce and mischievous. He often makes troubles and wants to kill Shun and seize the family property.

This stepmother pampered her biological son "Xiang" as much as she could and pampered him, but she blamed Shun in every possible way.

The most angry person was Shun's father. His father was stupid, stupid, and did not distinguish between right and wrong. It was common for him to beat, scold and blame Shun.

After Shun suffered so much censure and pain, he did not use worse means to deal with it and face it. Instead, he repaid evil with kindness, always treated them kindly, and carefully maintained the happiness of the entire family.

People recognized Shun's character very much and highly recommended Shun as his successor.

Yao was very satisfied after knowing Shun's situation, but he still needed to be further tested and trained. After all, this was a major event related to the rise and fall of the entire tribal alliance and the Chinese nation.

How did Yao inspect and train Shun?

At the beginning, Yao married both of his daughters to Shun. In fact, this was regarded as entering the imperial family.

then arranged his nine sons in the area where Shun lived to observe Shun's character and talents.

Yao successively asked Shun to farm, fish, and make pottery.

After more than ten years of detailed investigation, Shun won Yao's trust by virtue of his virtue and excellent management skills, and officially inherited the position of tribal leader.

This is the beginning of the abdication system.

If it were us today, we would have to go through more than ten years of hard work and cultivation of character and talent, would you be able to persevere?

When we encounter the situation of being persecuted like Shun, how will we deal with it?

After Shun, a succession candidate meeting was held following Yao's method to conduct democratic discussions and decide who would take over as the leader of the tribal alliance.

The person who can be selected must naturally have the character and merits of Yao and Shun, and he must convince the people that they are willing to pursue them.

If you win the hearts of the people, you will win the world.

Yu is the candidate who is popular and popular. Yu controls the floods. He passes through the door three times without entering, letting the rivers benefit mankind.

Yu's unparalleled achievement lies in water control. His father "Gun" [gǔn] has been controlling water for 9 years, but he only knows how to raise the embankments and not dredge the rivers, which makes the situation worse and worse, causing people to complain.

Eryu investigated and found out the source of the flood, the upstream and downstream conditions, and adopted a combination of embankment construction and diversion.

worked together with the people for more than 10 years to solve the flood problem, achieving great achievements that will last forever and giving the Chinese people a place to live and settle down.

The two leaders, Shun and Yu, were elected by the abdication system. Like Yao, they devoted themselves to the welfare of the people when they were in power. More importantly, they were not greedy for power and did not care about family ties.

When these three leaders chose to train their successors, they only focused on personal conduct and took the initiative to relinquish their leadership positions. This is the widely praised "concession system."

This is the most perfect system in people's minds, but the "concession system" is just a flash in the pan!

The reason for this should be mentioned: when the democratic electoral system is weakened and family authority replaces democratic forces, the abdication system has reached the end of history.

Let’s analyze some of the responsibilities and powers in the tribal alliance, so that we will understand why in the end, family authority replaced democratic forces.

In the tribal alliance, the Tribal Chiefs Council is the highest authority of the tribal alliance and presides over all affairs in the alliance.

The most important task of the leader of the tribal alliance is to command the army and maintain the common security of the tribal groups. Although he has the highest power, he still needs to seek the opinions of the leaders of each tribe on the handling of major affairs.

With the development of productivity and the need to deal with various internal affairs and external wars, tribal alliance leaders have become more and more powerful and have more and more privileges. They can even directly decide the status of tribal leaders and clan members. Life and death.

Under such circumstances, coupled with people's desire for power and yearning for wealth, dictatorship gradually emerged, and the trend of hereditary leadership has become unstoppable.

Another reason:

When Yu served as the leader of the tribal alliance, he also strictly abided by and implemented the abdication system. At the beginning, he deliberately cultivated Gao Tao [gāo yáo] as his deputy, that is, the person who would succeed the leader in the future.

However, Gao Tao passed away before Yu, so Yu had to promote "Yi" to be his deputy.

Mencius of during the Warring States Period gave this explanation: After the death of Dayu , he recommended Yi to the people of the world, but Yi was in office for a short time and did not have much influence among the people.

Yu’s son Qi was loyal and capable, and won the support of the people. Qi was chosen by the people to become the leader of the new tribal alliance.

According to Mencius’ explanation, it was not Yu or Qi who ended the abdication system, but the people chose Qi, and the abdication system was transformed into a hereditary system.

Yi also led the troops to regain power, but was no match for Qi's powerful troops and his power.

This means that when Yu's son "Qi" was born, the history of the hereditary dynasty began.

is Xia Dynasty , the first "Xia" family world established by Qi.

In the next issue, we will talk about the "Xia" family world, China's first hereditary dynasty.

Tips at the end of the article to improve cultural accomplishment. Participate in cultural activities to enhance the public, you are invited!

An ancient poem that seems familiar to you but may not always be remembered.

Three Hundred Tang Poems 005

" Spring Journey to Qiantang Lake " Tang · Bai Juyi

North of Gushan Temple and west of Jiating, the water surface is initially flat and the clouds are low.

Several early orioles are vying for warmth in the trees, while new swallows are pecking at the spring mud.

The random flowers are gradually charming the eyes, and only in Asakusa can there be no horseshoes.

My favorite lake is eastward, with green poplar shades and white sand embankment.

Put what you want to say about this article in the comment area! In the next issue, I will interpret ancient poetry for you.

Thank you for your likes, support and continued attention. May all good things be with you and me.

I wish you health, wealth, happiness, success, peace, good luck, love and joy!

Translation and explanation of the ancient poem in the previous issue:

Who said that the lives of these little birds are insignificant, they have flesh and blood like all lives.

I advise you not to kill the birds on the branches. The young birds are still waiting in the nest for their mother to return.

#history# #天天古诗词# #Concession system# #天下为公#