During his reign, he advocated the divine right of kings and considered himself the messenger of God, which often caused dissatisfaction with Parliament. At the same time, this approach made the British people very dissatisfied, which indirectly triggered the two subsequent revol

The House of Stuart (The House of Stuart) has a total of six generations of monarchs, and the country was in the 111th year of the reign of Zuo.

James I (1566–1625), reigned 1603–1625. During his reign, he advocated the divine right of kings and considered himself the messenger of God, which often caused dissatisfaction with Parliament. At the same time, this approach made the British people very dissatisfied, which indirectly triggered the two subsequent revolutions in 1649 and 1688. He was the first to successfully colonize North America. He died in 1625 at the age of 59.

Charles I (1600–1649), reigned 1625–1649. He was the only king to be publicly executed in British history, and the first monarch to be publicly executed in European history. Charles I's reign was marked by chaotic religious conflicts, with subjects generally distrustful of their king's beliefs. In 1642, Charles provoked a civil war and the British bourgeois revolution broke out. In January 1649, Charles was convicted of treason and went to the guillotine on the 30th at the age of 49. The monarchy immediately collapsed and the republic was established. This period is also known as the Cromwellian Interregnum. Charles I's eldest son, Charles II, , inherited the throne after his father's death and did not exercise power until the Restoration in 1660.

Charles II (1630–1685), reigned from 1661–1685. The "Declaration of Breda" issued on April 4, 1660, promised to jointly manage the country with Parliament. In April 1661, Charles ascended the throne and compromised with Parliament, executing only nine Roundheads. In the later period of his reign, he advocated autocratic monarchy and launched two Anglo-Dutch wars . In 1679, he signed the "Human Rights Protection Act". Charlie is charismatic, funny, beloved by ordinary people, and an extremely astute politician. He was known as the "Happy King". Although he ate and drank in moderation, he was lustful and had numerous mistresses. He died in 1685 at the age of 55.

James II (1633–1701), reigned 1685–1688. He was the last Catholic king of England and king of Scotland. His subjects distrusted his religious policies and opposed his autocratic power. He was deprived of the throne in the Glorious Revolution . The throne fell into the hands of his Protestant daughter Mary II and son-in-law William III . After James II abdicated, he was protected by King Louis XIV of France.

Mary II (1662–1694), reigned from 1688–1694, co-ruling with her husband William III. When William traveled to Ireland and the European continent to command operations against the Sun King Louis XIV, she took charge of the government in her own name with the assistance of the Privy Council. During the independent administration, Mary was active in the Anglican Church and was known for her diligence in government affairs and her strong decisiveness. Later she proclaimed herself Queen of France. In 1694, Mary II died of smallpox at the age of 32.

William III (1650–1702), reigned from 1688–1702, and served as the ruler of the Netherlands. In 1689, William and his wife came to England and passed the "Bill of Rights" of Parliament. In 1701, Parliament passed the "Act of Succession", which stipulated the order of inheritance of the British throne. In the same year, joined the Spanish Succession War . The throne of William III was shared with his wife Mary II. Mary had always been content to stay behind the scenes. William was actually the only king. Only when William went to war, Mary came out to rule. William III was a religious tolerant and actually had no prejudice against Catholics or Protestants. In 1702, William III died of illness at the age of 52. Because there were no heirs, the British throne was inherited by Mary II's sister Anne , and the Netherlands entered the second period of no rule in history.

Queen Anne (1665–1714), reigned 1702–1714. During his reign, he launched the War of Spanish Succession against France. In 1707, the English Parliament and the Scottish Parliament merged to realize the true merger of the two countries, called the Kingdom of Great Britain, which laid the foundation for the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland under George III and the British Empire under Queen Victoria. .Queen Anne died on August 1, 1714 at the age of 49, thus ending the Stuart dynasty. The throne was inherited by his cousin, George I , the elector of Hanover in Germany, and started the Hanoverian Dynasty in Britain.