A hundred years ago, the "May 4th" New Culture Movement, under the banner of "democracy" and "science" ("Mr. De" and "Mr. Sai"), set off an unprecedented enlightenment movement and an unprecedentedly profound movement in the entire society. Ideological liberation movement. The May 4th storm left a lingering sound. "Democracy and Science" is undoubtedly the loudest slogan in Chinese history, comparable to the "Liberty, Equality, Fraternity" of the French Revolution in the 18th century. So who was the first to put forward this sentence? What about the slogan?
Answer: Chen Duxiu (Everyone who has studied junior high school history knows!)
Where did the words come from? The collection proves
" A message to the youth ": The first call for "science and human rights"
In September 1915, Chen Duxiu founded " Youth Magazine " (later renamed " New Youth "), from which the New Culture Movement began. The first issue opened with the article "A Notice to Youth," in which Chen Duxiu lamented the darkness of Chinese society at that time, put forward the Six righteousnesses of youth, and called on young people to fight against outdated feudal ideologies.
It was in "Advice to Youth" that Chen Duxiu first issued an appeal for "science and human rights." Chen Duxiu believed that the Chinese people at that time had imagination but no science. Scholars, farmers, and workers did not know science, so they relied on foreign countries. Businessmen and doctors did not know science, so they had no chance of success in the future. The advancement of the West lies precisely in science and human rights, and if China wants to get rid of its backwardness and being beaten, it also needs to "pay equal attention to science and human rights." China's youth must get rid of superstition, believe in science, and rely on science to eradicate unreasonable thoughts and unreasonable thoughts. Faith, through scientific understanding of the laws of nature and the transformation of nature, can help our country escape the era of ignorance.
The reason why Europe was superior to other races in modern times was not due to human rights, but the rise of science. If a boat and a chariot had two wheels... If the Chinese people want to escape from the age of ignorance and are ashamed to be a simple people, they should rush to catch up. Science and human rights are given equal importance.
- Chen Duxiu: "Advice to Youth", "Youth Magazine", Volume 1, No. 1, 1915
On the basis of "human rights" and "science", it developed into the two major slogans of "democracy" and "science", openly speaking to the traditional The challenge of feudal ideology and culture raised the banner of the New Culture Movement and sounded the drum for ideological emancipation.
" Answer to the Crime Case ": "Mr. De" and "Mr. Sai" appeared together for the first time
In early 1919, "New Youth" had been published for three years and thirty issues, and the New Culture Movement and the Literary Revolution Movement were developing rapidly. , encountered resistance and abuse from feudal die-hards and retro-religious factions, and "New Youth" was slandered as heresy. In response to the attack, Chen Duxiu wrote the famous article "Reply to the Crime Case of Ben Zhi", which clearly stated that "New Youth" was not only not guilty, but also meritorious, and gave a wonderful summary of the main content of the New Culture Movement. The article still holds high the two glorious banners of democracy and science. Chen Duxiu also vividly calls them "Mr. De" and "Mr. Sai" based on the transliteration of Democracy (Democracy) and Science (Science). This is also the first time that "Mr. De" and "Mr. Sai" have officially appeared together.
During the May 4th Movement in 1919, countless passionate young people held high the two banners of "Mr. Virtue" and "Mr. Sai" and fired fiercely at feudal ethics and feudal autocracy, thus embarking on the path of integration with workers and peasants. After a hundred years, the democracy and science advocated by the May 4th Movement are still an immortal and glorious banner. The May 4th spirit with democracy and science as the core is a spirit of patriotism and a revolutionary spirit. It inspires generations of Chinese youth to pursue progress and light.
If you want to support Mr. Nade, you have to oppose Confucianism, etiquette, chastity, old ethics, and old politics. If you want to support Mr. Nasai, you have to oppose old art and old religion.If you want to support Mr. De and Mr. Sai, you have to oppose the quintessence of the Chinese nation and old literature.
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We now believe that only these two gentlemen can cure all the darkness in China's political, moral, academic, and ideological darkness. Because of my support for these two gentlemen, I will not refuse any pressure from the government, attacks or scoldings from the society, even my head will be shed and my blood will bleed.
——Chen Duxiu: "Reply to Benzhi's Crime Case", "New Youth" Volume 6, No. 1, 1919
During the May Fourth Movement in 1919, countless passionate young people held high the two banners of "Mr. De" and "Mr. Sai" and marched towards Feudal ethics and feudal autocracy opened fire fiercely, leading to the path of integration with workers and peasants. After a hundred years, the democracy and science advocated by the May Fourth Movement are still an immortal and glorious banner. The May Fourth spirit with democracy and science as its core is a spirit of patriotism and a revolutionary spirit. It inspires Leading generations of Chinese youth to pursue progress and brightness.
★ Exhibition Guide★
Exhibition Location | Chinese Academy of Sciences Documentation and Information Center Third-floor reading area |
Exhibition time | Starting from June 6, 2022, Monday to Friday 9:00-12:00, 13:30-16 :30 (Excluding legal holidays) |
Reception objects | Individual and group visitors. Group visits of more than five people can make an appointment for explanation. The contact number is 010-82623353 |
Warm reminder | According to Beijing’s prevention and control requirements, visitors to the exhibition must have a negative nucleic acid test certificate within 72 hours before entering the museum |
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Writer: Teacher Wu
Responsibility Editor: Teacher Liu
Preliminary review: Teacher Xu
Review and release: Teacher Weng
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The Documentation and Information Center of the Chinese Academy of Sciences is based on Chinese Academy of Sciences and is oriented to the whole country. It mainly provides documents for independent scientific and technological innovation in natural sciences, cutting-edge interdisciplinary sciences and high-tech fields. Information assurance, strategic intelligence research services, public information service platform support and scientific exchange and dissemination services. At the same time, it provides information services to scientific research institutions in other fields of the national innovation system through the national scientific and technological literature platform and joint construction and sharing.
Opening time: Monday to Saturday, 9:00-16:30
Reservation method: Make an appointment to the museum through the "Zhongke Zhihui" applet ("Admission Appointment" section of the main interface)
