Li Jing like
It was a turbulent era of political turmoil and rapid changes. At that time, the Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms were full of swords, wars, and separatism.
The Southern Tang Dynasty (937-975) was one of the separatist regimes of the Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms. Its capital was Jinling, which lasted for 39 years. An emperor.
Li Min, the founding ancestor of the country, was a politically stable and far-sighted ruler. Under his careful planning, the Southern Tang Dynasty bounded Qu and Wu in the east, Wuling in the south, Huxiang in the west, and Changhuai in the north, covering thirty states, covering a vast area of thousands of miles. The Southern Tang Dynasty had prosperous economy, political stability, and peaceful people's livelihood. The number of households ranked first in the of the ten countries.
What Li Jing inherited was such a powerful and powerful regime. Li Jing was originally named Jingtong and given the courtesy name Boyu. He was the eldest son of Li Min and was called the Central Lord of the Southern Tang Dynasty.
Li Jing, who came from a powerful official and an imperial family, had been in power for nineteen years, but mostly he was mired in sorrow and misery. He was not good at governing the world, but he valued literature and education and had high literary attainments. His poems , "Dry rain dreams come back to the chicken plug far away, the small building blows through the cold jade pipe", "The bluebird does not convey the clouds and foreign messages, the lilacs are empty and sad in the rain" , etc. are all famous sentences that will last forever.
01
In 943 AD, Li Jing succeeded to the throne. The Southern Tang Dynasty had clear politics, prosperous economy, full treasury and complete armament. At this time, he was also diligent in political affairs. According to Zheng Wenshi: "Emperor (Jing) is modest and wise, he is extravagant and simple, he searches for good people, and arranges troops and troops. He handles all affairs, big or small, and is hands-on. He is good at music and rhythm, and does not indulge in indulgence. He has a good understanding of the theory and body, and is insightful. Li Jing wanted to achieve outstanding achievements, but he had neither political talent nor insight. In politics, he decreed the dismissal of the senior ministers from the late emperor's period, and instead appointed five sycophants who specialized in flattery─ Feng Yansi, Feng Yanlu, Wei Cen, Chen Jue, and Zha Wenhui. These people are known as the "Five Ghosts of the Southern Tang Dynasty" in history. They tried their best to flatter and form cliques for personal gain, which caused the politics of the Southern Tang Dynasty to be dark.
Song Qiqiu, a powerful minister who was good at maneuvering and deceitful, colluded with the "Five Ghosts" to form the Song Party and control the government. In the middle of the court, the people are galloping, the scholars and factions are arguing, and good ministers and generals are not allowed to be used.
With the internal affairs in such chaos, Li Jing did not follow his father's instructions before his death: "You should be good to neighboring countries to protect the society." Relying on the prosperity of the Southern Tang Dynasty at that time, he became enthusiastic amidst the noise.
Li Jing listened to the slanders of Feng Yansi and others, started a foreign war, began to conquer the south and west, provoked neighboring countries, and made enemies in an attempt to make enemies, thus destroying the foundation that his father had maintained during his seven years of reign to calm the army and calm the people.
02
In 944 AD, Fujian was in turmoil. Li Jing could not withstand the instigation of his trusted ministers and appointed Zha Wenhui as Jiangxi's pacification envoy, and Bian Hao as the camp's recruitment envoy, and rashly launched an attack on Fujian. The initial battle went extremely smoothly. The Southern Tang army quickly captured Jianzhou, Tingzhou, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou and other places. Even Fuzhou guard Li Renda also sent a letter of surrender. The Southern Tang Dynasty occupied almost all of Fujian.
However, the generals of the Southern Tang Dynasty, who were dazzled by the victory, thought that they were done and began to burn, kill and loot. As a result, the Fujian people rose up to resist. Later, Chen Jue even faked an imperial edict and used Feng Yanlu as commander to attack Fuzhou. Other generals also competed for credit and sent troops to join. Li Jing was furious when he learned about it, but with Feng Yansi's persuasion, he could only acquiesce. The two sides were in a stalemate. Unexpectedly, the Wu and Yue troops also came to fight, and the Southern Tang Dynasty retreated hastily.
In 951 AD, the arrogant Li Jing not only failed to reflect, but also quickly launched a war against Chu. He appointed Bian Hao as Hunan's pacifier, and continued to drift away on the wrong path.
The Southern Tang Dynasty acquired the land in Hunan, and its territory more than doubled. Li Jing and the sycophants forgot about it and actually thought that "all countries can be determined under one command" and that unification was just around the corner.Little did they know that their victory was illusory, and they were soon counterattacked. Nan Tang was unable to resist and had to withdraw.
Li Jing was obsessed with success and easily launched wars. Most of the generals were too arrogant and arrogant, and there were great conflicts among various departments. The wars against Fujian and Chu both ended in failure, and all the cities that had been conquered at great cost were lost. The policy of friendship with neighbors was also destroyed, and the external environment became very bad.
"In less than ten years, half of the national consumption will be consumed." The wealth accumulated during Li Min's period was squandered, the results of the war were no longer there, and the Southern Tang Dynasty was completely dragged down.
03
Different from the decline of the Southern Tang Dynasty, the newly rising in the north became increasingly powerful in the later weeks. Li Jing once despised this small country that was established very late, until the sound of crusade awakened him from his dream.
In 954 AD, Chai Rong, the leader of the Later Zhou Dynasty, sent troops to invade the border of the Southern Tang Dynasty. He commanded 100,000 troops and went straight to Huainan. The two armies faced each other in Shouzhou, China, and were in a stalemate. Unexpectedly, the Southern Tang Dynasty was attacked by Wu and Yue, and the troops were basically exhausted. The successive defeats made Li Jing completely lose confidence. He sent people to sue for peace and begged for an armistice in a humble manner, but he did not expect to be rejected.
In the following weeks, they continued to pursue and fight fiercely, occupying large areas of Huainan. In a panic, Li Jing expressed his willingness to remove the imperial title , cede territory and pay compensation, and was willing to become a vassal of the later Zhou Dynasty. How could the naive Li Jing imagine that a small benefit was far from the ultimate goal of the next week?
In 956 AD, Zhou Shizong Chai Rong personally went into battle. The army of the Later Zhou Dynasty attacked Huainan and captured several places. The Southern Tang Dynasty was completely defeated. In the following year, there were two more personal expeditions. By the spring of the third year, the army had invaded Guangling, Yaobing Jiangkou, and Jinling was in danger. Battle of Huainan , the Southern Tang Dynasty was completely defeated.
In 958 AD, when Li Jing was 44 years old, he changed his title from emperor to ruler of the country, using the post-anniversary title, and dedicated all the land north of the Yangtze River to the Later Zhou Dynasty. In order to avoid taboo, he also changed his name to "Jing".
Li Jing, who was in a desperate situation, finally woke up. It turned out that he had used the foundation that his father had worked so hard to build in exchange for painful lessons one after another. His militarism cost Nan Tang a huge price.
04
After waking up, Li Jing first used his power to purge the Song Party, causing the Song Party to collapse and disrupt the government. Li Jing was weak throughout his life and lacked strategy. Purging the Song Party was undoubtedly a correct decision.
The second major decision he made was to move the capital. After the cession of Jiangbei, Jinling was only separated from the enemy by a river. The situation of the Southern Tang Dynasty was precarious. Coupled with the inner fear, Li Jing planned to move the capital to Hongzhou (today's Nanchang, Jiangxi).
Hongzhou is located in the hinterland of the Southern Tang Dynasty, bordering Poyang Lake to the east and Ganjiang River to the west. It has developed waterways and dangerous terrain. With its increasingly developed economy and culture, it has quickly become an important town in the south of the Yangtze River. Even so, how can it compare with the prosperous and wealthy ancient capital Jinling.
At this time, Jinling was full of flower streets, willow lanes, and misty towers. The powerful officials strongly opposed it and were reluctant to leave this wealthy place, not to mention that all their accumulated family property was here. However, Li Jing, who is usually indecisive, is particularly decisive this time.
Perhaps Li Jing knew that something was wrong. He had already foreseen the signs of the collapse of the Southern Tang Dynasty and could not escape his dying fate. All he could do was delay the day.
In March 961 AD, Li Jing personally led the Sixth Army and hundreds of officials to move the capital to Hongzhou. The palace of the newly built capital was small, the city was simple, and the supplies were not as abundant as those in Jinling. Naturally, life was not as good as before.
The ministers were full of complaints and complaints. Li Jing did not want to move the capital in a hurry. He was also attached to the comfort and comfort of Jinling. Whenever he retired from the imperial court, he often looked in the direction of the old capital and murmured: "The spiritual tower is vast, and the old crane recalls Kongtong."
No one can understand his spiritual anguish. He knew well that the Southern Tang Dynasty was rich in soldiers and armor. , which prospered and declined under his rule.He could never get rid of the humiliation and anger of losing his troops and land, and he regretted the fact that the Southern Tang Dynasty was declining step by step.
He was melancholy and unhappy all day long. As an emperor of elegant literature, he could only put all his helplessness and frustration in words.
His lyrics are extremely sentimental, vaguely revealing the boundless pain in the emperor's heart. The eternally famous poem "Ban Po Huanxi Sand" is a true portrayal of his heart:
The fragrant lotus leaves are gone, and the green waves are filled with sorrow in the west wind.
is still languishing with time, which is unbearable to watch.
The drizzle dreamed back to Jisai far away, and the cold wind blew through the small building.
No matter how many tears there is, there is no limit to hatred. I lean on the railing to do .
Li Jing has always missed Jinling where she has lived and been accustomed to for many years, and she has always missed the scenery and magnificence of a king of a great country.
At present, the emperor and his ministers are confused, and they want to return home. The moving of the capital has not achieved the expected purpose. Li Jing, who had been troubled by the loss of his country, began to doubt his original decision. Li Jing was determined to return the capital, but before he could do so, he fell ill. In 961 AD, Li Jing died of illness in Hongzhou at the age of forty-six.
05
Li Jing’s political tragedy has ended. When he first succeeded to the throne, there were many troubles in the Central Plains. The cruel Khitan plundered without restraint and could not maintain their rule over the Central Plains and fled north in a hurry. At that time, wars continued in the Central Plains, the army was leaderless, the people's uprising army was surging, and many garrison troops from the north came to surrender to the Tang Dynasty. This was the perfect time to plan the Central Plains.
At that time, the Southern Tang Dynasty, which was dominated by Jinling, had a vast territory, abundant material resources, and strong economic strength. If we can decisively take advantage of the chaos in Fujian and Chu to put an end to it in one fell swoop, then capture Wuyue in the east and cross the Five Ridges in the south to lay down the foundation, and then take advantage of the chaos in the north to send our troops northward and conquer the Central Plains, it may be possible to unify the world.
Li Yu like
Li Jing also wanted to seize the opportunity to enter the Central Plains. However, the Southern Tang Dynasty was trapped in the war against Fujian and was quickly involved in the war against Chu. It had no power to carry out such an action. Intoxicated with showing off his military power, addicted to drinking and composing poems, and lost in sensuality and evil, how could Li Jing be able to judge the general trend of the world?
Li Jingkong had the ambition to look down on the Central Plains, but it all came to naught due to a miscalculation and mismanagement. He was not a talented and strategic king, and he had no political strategy or military ability, which destined him to be unable to become a promising king.
Li Jing has been in power for nineteen years, and was mediocre politically and militarily. The weakness of the Southern Tang Dynasty was closely related to him. When a political power changes from strong to weak, from independent to vassal, the good things in the past no longer exist, and are replaced by surrender and defeat, and the outcome is destined to be catastrophic.
Li Jing passed away in regret. After his death, 25-year-old Li Yu ascended the throne in Jinling. Just the year before, Zhao Kuangyin wore a yellow robe in Kaifeng, and the great Song Dynasty was born. This powerful dynasty is rising in the north, how can it allow other small countries to sleep soundly beside the couch?
succumbed to the Southern Tang Dynasty after the Zhou Dynasty, and took the initiative to contribute to the Song Dynasty, including batches of gold, silver, silk, and silk. In order to ensure safety, Li Yu even wrote a humble statement in his own hand. However, heavy consumption had depleted the treasury of the Southern Tang Dynasty, and the national power was in danger of weakening, and it was sitting there waiting to die.
In 975 AD, the Song army defeated Jinling, and Li Jing's son Li Yurouqi surrendered. The following year, he went to Bianjing and was granted the title of Disobedient Marquis . "In the past forty years, the country and the country have spread over three thousand miles of mountains and rivers." The mountains and rivers of the Southern Tang Dynasty finally became part of the territory of the Song Dynasty.
While Li Yu was under house arrest, he wrote down his and his father's political tragedies one by one. Two years later, on the night of Chinese Valentine's Day, he was poisoned to death. Li Yu became the king who subjugated his country. His country was ruined and his family was destroyed. As a captive, he experienced all the sorrows of life one by one.
-Author-
The stream is crescent, I would like to use heavy paper as paper, light pen as pen, and write as time goes by.
