In ancient times, it was a patriarchal society. The titles of men can be said to be diverse. From the relatives of the emperor to the ministers of the princes, there are corresponding titles. This is also a means for the ruler to win people's hearts. Some people like gold and silver treasures, the emperor will give them a lot of wealth, and some love vanity, and the emperor will continue to promote their status and give them many honors. Therefore, there are many titles of men in ancient my country. The system of rewards It is very complete, so what are the rewards for women? In the TV series " Kangxi Dynasty ", Kangxi would often reward the minister with merits Hualing , and awarded the minister's wife the title of first-class madam, then what does this first-class mean by madam ? What powers does she have?
▲Yipin's wife
Yipin's wife
Actually, the first wife is not a position, it is only an honorary title given to the wife of some important ministers, except for the ministers' true wife. It can also be given to the minister’s mother. The imperial wife actually refers to the woman awarded by the emperor. It is very difficult to get this kind of award. You must have a courtier who has put down the frontier rebellion or has a great contribution to the emperor. In essence, an honorary title does not have any substantive power. Generally speaking, a woman who is named as a lady of the first grade will add a hereditary renunciation after the imperial edict, and this hereditary renunciation means no matter how many generations it is passed down. The treatment remains the same.
In the traditional rewards, the first generation enjoys high treatment, but the second generation will drop one level from high to low according to the level, until the end of the reward level, so the hereditary siblings are added. Substitution means that the emperor values this family very much. He is a full affirmation of the minister’s merits. In the heyday of a dynasty, Mrs. Yipinzhiming will receive a lot of generous treatment, and the emperor will reward her with a large farm and give her brocade clothes. Yushi’s life,During the holidays or the emperor’s birthday, you can enter the palace to celebrate with the emperor on the queen’s birthday. Every month, the court will give a salary to Yipin’s wife. In addition to the salary, there will be other gifts. Generally, women can’t do it after death. Enter ancestral temple to enjoy incense, but Mrs. Yipin Zongming can enjoy the incense of descendants after entering the ancestral hall after death.
In ancient society, a woman could not obtain the title of "Yi-Pan-Zhou Ming" by relying on her own ability alone. She could only rely on her husband or son to get ahead. This reflects the social status of women in feudal society, but there is a phenomenon, In ancient times, women lived longer than men, so after the death of the husband in the family, the old mother in the family became the biggest power holder in the whole family, like Taijun She in the Yang family, or in "A Dream of Red Mansions" Jia's mother.
▲Men's meritorious deeds
Men also have the highest treatment
In addition to women having the highest treatment, men also enjoy the highest treatment bestowed by the emperor. The first treatment is when the emperor issues the edict , You can write your official position instead of your own name in the imperial edict. Because in ancient times it is very impolite to call someone by their name. No one except their parents and elders can call you by their name. People usually call someone by their character or number. When the imperial decree does not call you directly The name of the emperor shows that the emperor cares about you very much and value you very much.
The second treatment is that when you meet the emperor, you don’t need to mention the minister so and so and so and so to meet the emperor, you can directly say that the minister bows to the saint. This is also a manifestation of respect for the individual. When the minister goes to court, he will trot into the court. Above, this is because trotting is a respect for the emperor. Some older veteran emperors can allow you to walk without a trot. This shows that the emperor’s concern for ministers is also a kind of grace, and some of them have made great contributions to the emperor. Ministers, when they are old, the emperor will give them seats in the court,This is also a kind of respect for the veterans, and it can also reap the loyalty of the Manchu civil and military. In ancient times, the upper dynasty was not allowed to wear weapons. In order to prevent himself from being assassinated, Qin Shihuang specially installed magnets on the gate of his palace. If you enter the hall with a weapon, you will be seen by the soldiers guarding the hall. So from ancient times to the present, no one except those allowed by the emperor were allowed to wear weapons, and the persons allowed by the emperor were either guards with swords around the emperor, or People who are loyal to themselves, like in "The Romance of the Three Kingdoms", Cao Cao took the emperor to make the princes Han Xiandi treat him courteously, and all these were forced to be helpless, and the grace given to Cao Cao included a seat. , Cao Cao was allowed to take the sword to the palace, and even in the "Sui and Tang Dynasty", Li Yuan was allowed to take the sword to the palace after he erected the puppet emperor.
▲Mrs. Yipin
The strongest protection against death gold medal
In addition to these graces, in ancient times the best protection for a life and death is the immunity gold medal, which can also be called . Voucher, this death-free gold medal was most popular in the Ming and Qing Dynasties. It was mainly rewarded by the emperor to meritorious generals. Some achievements of the generals were engraved on it. If the generals or descendants of the generals committed any major crimes, they would be exempted. In terms of punishment, death penalty can also be exempted from death. In order to highlight their grace to ministers, some emperors will point out that the exemption gold medal can avoid death three times and the descendants once. This shows that the exemption gold medal is a big umbrella. This exemption gold medal has the effect of a contract. The emperor and the minister have discussed the role of exemption gold medal, so that the loyalty of the minister can be exchanged. This is also a unique privilege enjoyed by ministers in feudal society.
The death-free gold medal originated very early, but at the beginning the death-free gold medal did not have the function of avoiding death. The first to issue the death-free gold medal was Liu Bang. Liu Bang took out the death-free gold medal and gave it to him. Brothers who beat Jiangshan, and then everyone wrote the poisonous oaths on it,It’s just that I don’t let you down, and you don’t want to let me down. Then put these coupons in the golden chamber and keep them well, so as to reflect the imperial dominance and the solemnity of the whole thing. At this time, the red book iron coupon is only a symbol of honor, and has no other substantive effect. Everyone knows that Liu Bang is a person. He will only share adversity with other people. It is impossible to sit in the world together. It is in the world. Soon after the reunification, he killed those kings of different surnames one after another, completely forgetting the vows of himself and his brothers who lived and died together. From then on, the pill vouchers have been used as a symbol of honor until the middle of the Tang Dynasty. The coupons slowly changed.
▲Ancient woman
The life-saving effect of the elixir coupons
The elixir coupons are shaped like traditional tiles. The earliest elixir coupons found are only rewarded after the middle of the Tang Dynasty. Yes, everyone is familiar with the Tang dynasty. Since Anshi Chaos, the whole country has been unified in name but in fact it has become . The Spring and Autumn and Warring States Period has been completely divided, and it is those sections that control local power. Du Shi, in order to appease those Ji Du Shi who had high merit and overwhelming power, Tang Zhaozong decided to buy them with Danshu iron coupons. At this time, the Danshu iron coupons have changed, and it is no longer just an honor as before. The symbol of, already has the function of avoiding death. It is engraved with some of the merits of Jiedushi. Tang Zhaozong’s gold medal for avoiding death is very effective. Ministers can avoid death nine times and the descendants of ministers can avoid death three times. With this It’s no problem if you want to do something wrong with a gold medal.
The next owner of the red book iron coupon is Chai Jin. Chai Jin was originally a descendant of .There was a trace of guilt in his heart. In order to make his heart feel better, Zhao Kuangyin decided to give the Chai family's descendants an iron voucher, and the Chai family's descendants were also very acquainted. The role of book iron coupons is getting bigger and bigger. As long as the emperor who founded the country will give the heroes under his hand the iron coupons, this is an affirmation of the ministers’ merits. Although the red book iron coupons were rarely used in the Qing Dynasty, the iron The hat king was on the stage of history. Iron hat kings are generally linked to hereditary dissatisfaction. There were eight iron hat kings in the Qing Dynasty. With this title, they can enjoy the treatment of princes in the Qing Dynasty, and the Qing Dynasty iron hats The kings are all Manchus, not a single Han or other ethnic minority. This also shows that there is still inequality between the Manchus and Hans in the Qing Dynasty. Zeng Guofan’s achievements in the establishment of war are already considered to be great. Without him, the Qing Dynasty changed his surname. , And now it's chilling to be named a small earl. The pill book iron coupons are rewarded by the ruler to the ministers. The better-tempered emperor will also abide by the oath of the pill book iron coupons. The bad-tempered emperors will directly confiscated the minister's pill book iron coupons. All interpretation rights belong to the emperor. However, the emperor's affirmation of his personal contribution is to obtain the iron vouchers of the Danshu.
▲The red book iron coupons
The highest honor of civil servants and generals
As a member of the dynasty, there is always a need to make contributions. The generals lead the army to fight in all directions and expand the territory for the emperor. , And the civil servants helped the emperor strategize and manage the country well. In the generals’ own eyes, the highest honor is to seal the wolf. Why did the generals have such an idea? This is because Huo Qubing raided all the way directly to the hometown of the Xiongnu, and then after the wolf dwelling in Xushan to worship the sky, he carved his own achievements and then returned with great success. This is the first expedition of the Central Plains Dynasty to and Mobei. Being able to reach the hometown of the Huns changed the situation that the Central Plains dynasty could only passively defend against the northern minorities in the past. This is a grand feat. For the first time, it defeated the northern minorities in a true sense. In ancient times, when the transportation was inconvenient, it was able to reach long distances. The long-distance raid on the sparsely populated Mongolian Plateau was full of difficulties. Huo Qubing not only managed to do it, but also successfully reached the base camp of the Huns.With the strength of more than 10,000 cavalry, he dared to penetrate into the hinterland of the Xiongnu, and the courage alone was admirable. So later, the military commanders all yearned to achieve Huo Qubing’s achievements, and this became the object pursued by later generations of literati. Countless poets regarded Huo Qubing as an idol, and often wrote Huo Qubing’s deeds in their poems to express Honghuzhi in their hearts. Chi.
and the highest honor of civil servants is to share the ancestral temple, the royal ancestral temple can only be the emperor’s family, all outsiders are not eligible to enter the ancestral temple to enjoy the royal incense, but there is an accident for those ministers who have made great contributions to allow them to enter the royal ancestral temple. This kind of condition is particularly harsh. It is not just a general contribution, but the kind of credit that saves the country in times of crisis and turns the tide. The country has been ill in the middle of the Northern Song Dynasty for a long time, and the breath of dying is revealed everywhere, Wang Anshi In order to change this situation, bold reforms, through in-depth reforms in many aspects, the various diseases of the Northern Song Dynasty have been transformed, although in the end Wang Anshi's reforms lost the support of the emperor, coupled with the continuous attacks of the opposition, it was vigorous. The reform of Wang Anshi could only be interrupted. Even so, the emperor of the Northern Song Dynasty still affirmed Wang Anshi's contribution and exceptionally included Wang Anshi in the royal ancestral temple to enjoy the country's incense for generations.
▲Red Book Iron Voucher
Like other honor symbols, only a title has no substantive effect, but local officials can’t deal with the first-grade madam, because she is appointed by the emperor. Yes, even the local officials in charge of life and death cannot deal with Madam Yipin Zhanming. They should first write a booklet to the emperor, telling the emperor that Mrs. Yipin Zhanming committed something serious, and he has to deal with Madam Yipin Zhanming, and the emperor will follow the matter. Considering the seriousness of not depriving the title of Mrs. Yipin. If you commit a felony, you must first deprive the title of Mrs. Yipin. This is called relegation to a prostitute. Only in this way can local officials have the power to deal with the title of Mrs. Yipin. This was the case in ancient China. In a word, it is called not to punish a doctor. The status of literati in ancient times was very high. Officials could not directly impose punishment on literati, but should first deprive the literati.Only in this way can the scholar-officials be tortured, so although Mrs. Yipin Zhaoming does not have any power, she has a very high status.
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