One car makes three hubs, this picture travels at ground speed. I don't know how difficult it is to control, but it will be subversive. —— "Reading Li Si Biography" Cao Ye
Spring and Autumn and Warring States Period was a turbulent age, with constant disputes among nations. Finally, in the competition between and the seven heroes of the Warring States, Qin , Unified the world, Qin king Yingzheng also became Qin Shihuang Yingzheng. As the pioneer of Qin Dynasty , Emperor Qin Shihuang also pioneered the emperor, and later generations followed suit. As the first emperor in history, Qin Shihuang created many firsts. It can be said that he has made great contributions and has become the object of learning and imitating for later generations.
Figure 1
Many emperors from ancient times to the present are inseparable from the assistance of a prime minister. A good prime minister can help the emperor rule the country and even save the court in distress. At this time, it can be said that this seat is very important, and it is no wonder that it is called "under one person, above ten thousand".
And who is the prime minister of Qin Shihuang? He is Li Si . Today, let’s take a look at how Li Si lived.
Li Si's birth
Li Si was born in Warring States in the last year. Although the exact date of birth is unknown, it is certain that Li Si had used Xunzi as his teacher. When he was young, Li Si used to be a small official in charge of clerks, but this was a career with no future. In the war and turbulent society at the time, chasing fame and fortune was what everyone pursued. Li Si did the same, so he resigned from his position and came to Qi Guo to worship Xunzi as his teacher.
Figure 2
Although Xunzi is a representative of Confucian ,However, his ideas and propositions are somewhat similar to those of Legalists, so some of his disciples later became representatives of Legalists, such as Li Si and and Han Feizi . Li Si learned how to govern the country from Xunzi, which is the so-called " emperor's art ".
After Li Si's thinking and analysis of the situation of various countries during the Warring States period, he decided to go to Qin to get a place. He told his teacher Xunzi that among the many countries in the Warring States Period, only Qin was an ambitious country, and he would surely pursue a big cause in the future.
Assistant Ying Zheng
After Li Si came to Qin, he was quickly appreciated by Qin Prime Minister Lu Buwei , and became a small official in the court, so he got the opportunity to approach Qin Wang Yingzheng.
Figure 3
So Li Si seized the opportunity to analyze the situation in the world at that time. He said that the national power of Qin during the Qin Mu period was very strong, but because Qin Mu did not seize the opportunity, he lost it. Opportunity to unify the world.
In the period of Qin Xiaogong , because of the decline of the Zhou royal family, Qin went through the Shangyang reform , so it became stronger. Having said this, Li Si further said, saying that now that the king is so wise and the Qin country is strong, it is a great opportunity to sweep the six kingdoms and unify the world, and you must not miss it.
Ying Zheng was moved by Li Si's words, so Li Si proposed to him the strategy of destroying the weakest South Korea first and intimidating other countries at the same time. He was appreciated by Ying Zheng and promoted him to long history.
Figure 4
After that, Li Si suggested that King Qin could send people to various countries to separate their relations between monarchs and ministers, which played a role in disrupting the internal relations of the countries, which also had a good effect, so Li Si was promoted again and was defeated. Titled as guest Qing.
Later, all countries were afraid of being destroyed by Qin,So many spies were sent to the Qin State to pretend to be clients, in fact to provoke the relationship between King Qin and his courtiers, especially for foreigners like Li Si who were not natives of the Qin State, and the King Qin issued an order to expel guests.
After Li Si knew about this, he wrote a famous " admonishment book" to Ying Zheng and analyzed the stakes in it. Ying Zheng also distinguished right from wrong and decisively adopted Li Si's suggestion. , The eviction order was cancelled, and Li Si was reused ever since.
Figure 5
Help Yingzheng establish the Qin Dynasty
At that time, the Qin State's destruction of the six kingdoms was an unstoppable trend, and soon all the six kingdoms were wiped out by Qin and the world returned to Qin. hand.
After Qin King Yingzheng unified the world, he thought he was "the three emperors of virtue and the five emperors", so he coined the term "emperor". Since then, the emperor has become the title of the supreme ruler in the feudal period of our country, and Yingzheng He became the first emperor of our country-Qin Shihuang.
After the establishment of the Qin Dynasty, Li Si helped Qin Shihuang formulate a series of laws to unify the vehicle tracks, the characters used uniformly throughout the country, and the system of weights and measures. And Qin Shihuang did not live up to Li Si's contribution and named him the prime minister to help himself manage this unprecedented huge empire.
Figure 6
The change of sand dunes , the killed tribe
We all know how short the Qin Dynasty was in history, it only existed for fifteen years. In addition to the tyranny of the Qin Dynasty, part of the reason was also due to the premature death of Qin Shihuang. Qin Shihuang died on his fifth tour, violently killed in a place called Sand Dune.
At that time, Li Si was threatened by the eunuch Zhao Gao. After the death of Qin Shihuang, the two men tampered with the edict and changed the original heir, , Fusu, to , Huhai. Since then, Hu Hai has succeeded as Qin Er. World. And Li Si, also ushered in the darkest moment in his life.
As we all know, when Qin Shihuang was in power, many large-scale projects were built, such as the Great Wall, , Qin Shihuang's Mausoleum and so on. After his death, it is said that the Afang Palace was not built. After Hu Hai succeeded to the throne, he wanted to build the Afang Palace as soon as possible and levy taxes, which made the common people not live.
Figure 7
At that time, the Qin Dynasty was already full of mountains and rain, and the peasant uprising was about to break out, so Li Si wrote several times to advise Qin II Huhai to stop building the Afang Palace and reduce it. Corvee.
But Qin II was very dissatisfied with the letter from Li Si and others. Once he was drinking and having fun, he received Li Si's letter again, so he was furious and sent Li Si to jail. When Li Si was in prison, he still wrote many books, but Zhao Gao detained them all.
Zhao Gao also tortured Li Si on the grounds that Li Si and his son Li You planned to rebel. In the end Li Si couldn't stand the torture and was forced to confess his crime. When Li Si died, his son was still fighting outside to suppress the rebels. Soon after, he died under Xiang Yu and Liu Bang and was beheaded at Yongqiu.
Figure 8
Concluding remarks:
Looking back at Li Si's life, it is not surprising. From studying under Xunzi in his early years, to going to Qin to make suggestions for Yingzheng, and then to the establishment of officials to prime ministers in the Qin Dynasty, Li Si's life can be said to be a grassroots history of counterattacks. But Li Si's ending is regrettable. He can't change the situation of Qin Dynasty's imminent demise, nor can he change his fate of being slashed by the whole family. Perhaps Li Si has never changed anything, he just followed the trend of history to take advantage of it.
