Do you really understand why Yue Fei must die?

Yue Fei was invincible; Qin Hui raped and evil; Song Gaozong and Zhao Gou were incompetent. This is our traditional impression. Reading the history deeper, you will find that there are many mysteries hidden in Yue Fei himself, including his death. The culprit behind this is not only Qin Hui floating on the surface, or Song Gaozong. Zhao Gou.

Everyone would think that Song Gaozong was worried that Yue Fei would go straight to the Huanglong Mansion and would threaten his throne in welcoming the Second Sage. Therefore, 12 gold medals ordered Yue Fei's class master to give Yue Fei to death on an unreasonable charge. Is that true?

With the in-depth research of historical materials, neither of them is so important! Discovering the deep-seated reason does not lie in this. Understanding Yue Fei himself and why he must die can help us understand the secrets of the traditional power society.

The suspicious point of Yue Fei’s death

Suspicious point 1: Violation of Song Dynasty’s ancestor system

Yue Fei’s death is actually very strange In the Song Dynasty, since the great ancestor Zhao Kuangyin set up a stone tablet in the Taimiao, the ancestral system was formed: "The scholar-officials and those who speak of the world will not kill them. If the descendants are the emperors, the gods will condemn them." The secret was enshrined in the Taimiao, but after the Jingkang Rebellion, the secret was revealed to the world. It just so happened that at the time when the two Songs were handed over, there were two killings of ministers.

• First: Kill Zhang Bangchang: Zhang Bangchang, with the word Zineng, was the prime minister of the Northern Song Dynasty. After the disaster of Jingkang, he was established as the emperor of Chu by Jin Guoqiang and established the pseudo-Chu, which lasted one month. After the Jin Kingdom withdrew, Zhang Bangchang quickly returned Zhao Gou with his jade seal and let Song Gaozong Zhao Gou continue to be the emperor, but why did Song Gaozong Zhao Gou still kill Zhang Bangchang, who was passive emperor without any fault? It is because the "imperial order" of the traditional power society is wrong. If Zhang Bangchang is not killed, Song Gaozong Zhao Gou will be the heir of the pseudo-Chu, and he cannot justify the restoration of the imperial rule of the Song Dynasty. Killing Zhang Bangchang does not recognize the power he inherited from him, but the orthodox imperial power of Song Dynasty regained from him. Considering this, Zhang Bangchang really must die.

• The second case was Chen Dong, an imperial student, and Ouyang Che, an ordinary citizen. The two were killed because the words in the book were so ugly that they had endangered Song Gaozong and Zhao. The rule of construction. The core of their remarks is "Zhao Gou should not be emperor, Emperor Qinzong is not dead yet, but Beishou, you can only call the system and not the yuan, continue to use Emperor Qinzong's reign as the master of the house, which means when to welcome The Second Saint is still in the dynasty, and Emperor Qinzong will come back and continue to be the emperor. You are only temporary.” And they say this frequently. So Song Gaozong Zhao Gou killed these two, but after the killing, he began to make superficial political articles, expressing regret that he should not be so impulsive to kill the person who wrote the story, and make remorse speech.

Therefore, it can be seen from the above historical materials that the social ethos of the Song Dynasty at that time was to kill the scholar-officials and the people who wrote the letter, which was very morally untenable. So the first question comes. Since there is an ancestral system, Yue Fei has made outstanding contributions, and has no specific faults? Why was it killed?

Doubt 2: Who put forward the political card "Welcome to the Second Saint and Return to the Dynasty"?

Everyone is saying that Zhao Gou was afraid to welcome the Second Saint and return to the court, but historical records actually proposed this statement by Song Gaozong and Zhao Gou himself and played it as a political card of his own. Moreover, Yue Fei is not a stunned person in politics. For example, Yue Fei once gave Song Gaozong Zhao Gou a table before dispatching troops, and it specifically wrote the words "welcome the heaven and return the court" without mentioning Yinger. The holy dynasty, Yue Fei at this time can see that he has a certain political mind.

Furthermore, suppose that if the Second Saint is welcomed back, can it really threaten the throne of Song Gaozong and Zhao Gou? We can put ourselves in the situation and think that Emperor Emperor Qinzong (Emperor Huizong is dead) still has no army or the right to appoint and remove officials, and he can seize the imperial power if he only has a name.

This is in HuizongqinThere is a living example in Emperor Zong: when Song Huizong saw the people of the Kingdom of Jin calling during his reign, he gave the throne to Song Qinzong, and ran to Zhenjiang with a small group of soldiers to pray for the country. After consciously safe, he began to issue the emperor's imperial decree again, but Song Qinzong began to issue the emperor's decree after seeing it. Song Huizong found that he could no longer command his subordinates and subjects in Zhenjiang. At this time, you find that once Song Qinzong's emperor is confirmed, even the emperor will only have fame. After the Jin Ren retreated from the first siege of Bianliang, Song Huizong returned from Zhenjiang. What was the outcome of his return? Being raised by Song Qinzong in Longde Palace was actually imprisoned. Moreover, at this time, if Song Huizong wanted to discuss matters with Song Qinzong, he had to express himself like a minister. His honorific name was His Majesty the Emperor, and his signature was "Old Clumsy", meaning an old and stupid old man. So judging from the above historical data, even if the two saints are still in the dynasty, without real power, can they really pose a threat to Song Gaozong's imperial power? Isn't Zhao Gou not clear about this?

The hidden problem of Yue Fei’s death

Question 1: How did the infantry of "Military God" Yue Fei defeat the Golden Cavalry

In the impression, Yue Fei is an invincible general. Jinying even shouted the slogan "It is easy to shake the mountain and the Yue family's military is difficult." He described Yue Fei as a figure like a military god, Yue Feizhen in official history. Is that so amazing?

If you look carefully through the historical data, you will find that Yue Fei’s Great Victory in Zhuxian Town, which is written about the Great Victory of the City of Zhuxian, actually comes from a book called "Jin Tuo Xi", and the author of this book is Yue Fei Grandson Yue Ke. In the official history, this great victory was not considered very important, and even the three words Zhu Xianzhen were not mentioned in the official history books. Of course, the official history books were also vague, because Qin Hui and his adopted son Qin Xihou He didn't do anything for half his life, so he ran to revise the official history book, and I don't know if the great victory led by Yue Fei was deleted, there is no way to judge.

But one thing is certain is that the Yue Family Army was an infantry at the time. If you go deep behind the enemy line, instead of fighting on your own main battlefield, you will really go straight to Huanglong Mansion, including Huining Mansion (the place where the two Hui and Qin Emperors suffered. , Now Harbin Acheng, Heilongjiang), how can a simple infantry defeat the cavalry of the Golden Army who stick to the homeland?

Question 2: How long can the Song Dynasty’s national strength be supported?

The Song Dynasty’s national strength at that time could no longer support a war. The wealthiest period of the Northern Song Dynasty was the era of Emperor Shenzong Zhao Xu, with an annual income of more than 60 million guan. By the time of the transition of the two Song dynasties, the central government’s tax revenue was only more than 10 million guan. It was not until the later period of Emperor Gaozong and Zhao Gou. Restored to the level of more than 60 million, but do you know how much Yue Fei's military expenditure needs in a year? This army alone needs 7 million guns a year. How can the national power of the Song Dynasty support such a huge expenditure to continue its northward advance?

Summary of the problem

Descendants of historians, such as Zhu Xi, Zhao Yi, Qian Daxin, including modern Hu Shi, have all agreed that according to the Song Dynasty In the comprehensive national power evaluation, the most rational and beneficial national policy for the Song Dynasty at that time was to negotiate peace with Jinbing and maintain the Huaihe Dasanguan as the boundary. Even if the military expenditure was abundant at the time, the supported Yue family army continued to fight, and there might be a situation of "indolence of arrogant soldiers", and it might not be possible to go straight to the Huanglong Mansion, let alone no military expenditure? The entire dynasty did not dare to take this risk. Therefore, Yue Fei's role is actually not as big as everyone imagined, and this is basically a conclusion in the field of history.

Question 3: Who is the enemy in Song Gaozong’s heart?

Since the Kingdom of Jin could not completely win, then the main enemy Gaozong Zhao Gou thought of was not the Emperor Huiqin, not the Great Jin Guo, but Yue Fei himself, "Because you can fight so well, you have the 5/7 force of the country, and then you may still win, you are not the emperor, who is the emperor?" This is Gaozong Zhao Gou stabbed to death Yue Fei’s catalyst-like reason. Where is the root cause?

Yue Fei’s death reason

One of the reasons: the suspicion between the sovereign and the general

There is a saying in history called "the Northern Song Dynasty is missing the Southern Song Dynasty", There are many famous figures in the Northern Song Dynasty, but there is only one famous general, that is, Di Qing in the Song Renzong era. Di Qing's many circumstances are just right for Yue Fei.

Di Qing won the expedition to Xixia and the Ping Rebellion, and finally became the privy envoy (now Minister of Defense). It turned out that when he was not a privy envoy, all the scholar-officials were full of praise for Di Qing, handsome and famous, smart and able to fight. However, as soon as Di Qing arrived in Bianliang, Tokyo, when he became a privy envoy, the scholar-officials' evaluations of him turned into bad things. Even the famous prime minister Ouyang Xiu wrote a list of bad things about Di Qing. See also Wen Yanbo, a political affairs official. At the same time, he kept telling Song Renzong that Di Qing should be prepared early. Song Renzong couldn't bear it. He told Ouyang Xiu and Wen Yanbo that Di Qing was a loyal minister. At this time, Wen Yanbo said exactly the same as Qin Hui said to Song Gaozong. The words "Emperor Taizu was also a loyal minister at the time". Later, Di Qing asked Wen Yanbo why he wanted to harm me like this after his exile. Wen Yanbo said the famous phrase "no one, arrogant soldiers, but jealous". This is the reason why killing famous generals and heroes appeared in the ancient power system. The reason-just suspicion. Wen Yanbo framed Di Qing and later Qin Hui assaulted Yue Fei. For the same reason, scholar-officials had only suspicion about the prestigious and arrogant soldiers who held military power. The fundamental reason was the constrained struggle between the monarchy and the general. Proof is also impossible to falsify. Only killing is the safest way to ensure the stability of power.

Reason two: Yue Fei's "stubborn" character

Since he is a proud soldier, in addition to Yue Fei, there are three other famous generals in the Southern Song Dynasty Well, Liu Guangshi, Zhang Jun, and Han Shizhong weren't killed, but they were only dismissed from office. Only Yue Fei was executed?

When judging Yue Fei's execution, many historians would talk about his character. This person was very stubborn, but in the eyes of the emperor, this stubbornness became "arrogant and domineering" after it was expressed.

Yue Fei and Gaozong Zhao Gou also had a very good "honeymoon period." Yue Fei was promoted step by step from a lower-level military attache to the leading general, and then became a festival before he was 30 years old. Degree make. At this time, Yue Fei's "domineering" character was undoubtedly revealed, saying that "there are only 2 people who became Jiedu Envoys before the age of 30 in the entire Song Dynasty, one Taizu, one me"

Yue Fei's first The second and Gaozong turned their faces in Shaoxing in the seventh year. In this year, Liu Guangshi surrendered the power of the Huaixi army. He quit his military post and went home with his wife and children. Gaozong handed over the Huaixi army to Yue Fei. Commander, but regretted it afterwards. At this time, Yue Fei commanded 5/7 of the country's troops. Gaozong calculated that if Yue Fei rebelled at this time, he would have no way of doing it. Later, he wanted to bring the Huaixi Army back directly to the Central Committee. As a result, Yue Fei came arrogant, stubbornly angrily resigned, and returned to Lushan to pay homage to his mother. This is the first turn of face

The second turn of face is also because of Yue Fei's character. Song Gaozong was frightened when he ran away in Yangzhou and suffered a disease similar to impotence, so he had no offspring. He always worried about the emperor, worried that no one would inherit the rule of the emperor. At that time, Emperor Gaozong raised two seventh-generation grandchildren of Emperor Taizu, one is Zhao Bocong and the other is Zhao Bojiu. Yue Fei admonished Gaozong to make Zhao Bocong the crown prince, but Gaozong turned his face, "This is what you are leading the army to take charge of, and go away."

The deepest reason why Yue Fei must die: The Song Dynasty’s "state is" dispute

The Song Dynasty was a benevolent era and relatively civilized, but there was a fatal flaw in Song Dynasty politics, which also reflected the tragedy of the times . Let us look at the politics of the Song Dynasty to see why Yue Fei's tragedy was so inevitable that he must die.

Starting from Song Renzong of the Northern Song Dynasty, Chinese feudal society completed the awakening of the literati class. At the beginning, the people of the Song Dynasty felt that recording literati was to serve the imperial power, but from Song Renzong and after, graduallyFormed a clear concept "the emperor and scholar-officials govern the world together", the power of scholar-officials began to become the dominant force in the court, but in feudal society, scholar-officials did not pursue seeking truth from facts, and basically relied on morale, accepting death in everything. Party and government are involved in everything, so such as the Pu Yi of the Yingzong Dynasty and Wang Anshi of the Renzong Dynasty. These scholar-officials are not concerned with the right and wrong of the incident itself, but with the difference of the party. They have almost reached the situation where there is no me, as long as they are not of the same party. People who do everything are wrong.

Wang Anshi vs Simaguang

After Wang Anshi’s reform, because of a different party, Sima Guang abolished all the contents of Wang Anshi’s new law on the first day he came to power. Even if some policies have clearly achieved good results, they have all been abolished. This is no longer a national policy dispute, but has risen to a national policy dispute, that is, "国是"争. Since Wang Anshi’s reform, the politics of the Song Dynasty has been reversed. One faction came to power and completely trampled on everyone from the other faction. In a political cycle in which you sang and I appeared on the stage, the entire Song Dynasty’s politics is like this. Later, you will find that this kind of political environment loses flexibility, especially at this time of Song Gaozong, Zhao Gou and Yue Fei, this flexible space is even more fragile. At that time, there were only two factions in the court, one was the main party and the other was the main war party. , Zhuhe faction is a group of scholar-bureaucrats headed by Qin Hui. Politics lost flexibility and the two factions could not negotiate. So Song Gaozong and Zhao Gou needed to choose one faction. Talking about peace was the most beneficial for the confrontation between Song and Jin at that time. Of course, the emperor chose Zhuhe from his heart.

Then since the country’s plan has been decided and there is no third option, it is necessary to suppress the main combat faction, and the most powerful way to strike is to kill the most prestigious main combat faction member to deter the main combat faction, Yue Fei Of course bear the brunt of the situation, so that the main policy of the country will truly become the main policy.

So the fundamental reason why Yue Fei must die is: the Song Dynasty dispute over "state is", the inevitable result of the entire political environment losing its flexibility.

After a thousand years, look at the tragedy of Yue Fei,

He is actually not someone’s tragedy,

Nor is it the conflict between treacherous officials and good officials, between faint emperors and loyal officials,

He is a tragedy between a talented individual and the entire rigid, rigid, and rigid political structure.